Zabezpieczenie transformatorów olejowych przed wybuchem: eksperymenty i symulacje

• Autorzy: Landis B. , Muller S. , Perigaud G. , Petrovan-Boiarciuc M. , Ahmed O. K. , Yoon S.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Protection of oil-filled transformers against explosion: experiments and simulations

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Eksplozje transformatorów olejowych są powodowane przez łuk elektryczy. W przeciągu milisekund łuk doprowadza do odparowania otaczającego go oleju a wygenerowany gaz znajduje się pod ciśnieniem ponieważ inercja oleju zapobiega jego ekspansji. To doprowadza do niebezpiecznych eksplozji, kosztownych awarii i ewentualnego zanieczyszczenia środowiska. Podczas gdy mury ochronne otaczające transformator mogą zahamować eksplozje a tryskacze zagasić wywołany pożar niniejszy dokument przedstawia strategię, która zapobiega eksplozji kadzi transformatora.

EN

Oil-filled transformer explosions are caused by electrical arc occurring in transformer tanks. Within milliseconds, arc vaporizes the surrounding oil and the generated gas is pressurized as the liquid inertia prevents its expansion. The pressure difference between the gas bubble and the surrounding oil generates pressure waves, which propagate and interact with the tank. The reflections of the pressure waves build up the static pressure, which rises and leads to the tank rupture since tanks are not designed to withstand such levels of static pressure. This results in dangerous explosions, expensive damages and possible environmental pollution. The current paper presents a strategy to prevent the transformer tank rupture. Once an electrical fault occurs, the fast depressurization of the tank is induced by quick oil evacuation to a reservoir in order to prevent the tank explosion. To evaluate the efficiency of this strategy, experiments and computer simulations are used. The experiments were performed on large scale transformers equipped with the protection. They confirmed that the protection prevents the explosion. Besides, simulations of the consequences of an electrical arc occurring in a 200 MVA transformer geometry were run and again, they confirmed that the static pressure increase can be prevented by a quick oil evacuation triggered by the first dynamic pressure peak generated by the electrical arc.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

transformatory energetyczne; eksplozja; łuk elektryczny; eksperymenty; symulacje

EN

power transformers; explosion; electrical arc; experiments; simulations

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo PAK
• Czasopismo: Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: R. 59, nr 2
• Strony: 176--182
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 5 poz.,

Twórcy

autor

Landis B.

• TRANSFORMER PROTECTION CORPORATION (TPC), Houston, Teksas, USA

autor

Muller S.

• SERGI Holding, Achéres, Francja

autor

Perigaud G.

• SERGI Holding, Achéres, Francja
• TRANSFORMER PROTECTION CORPORATION (TPC), Houston, Teksas, USA

autor

Petrovan-Boiarciuc M.

• SERGI Holding, Achéres, Francja

autor

Ahmed O. K.

• TRANSFORMER PROTECTOR CORPORATION (TPC), Houston, Teksas, USA

autor

Yoon S.

• TRANSFORMER PROTECTOr CORPORATION (TPC), Houston, Teksas, USA

Bibliografia

• [1] Muller S., Brady R., De Bressy G., Magnier P., Perigaud G.: Prevention of transformer tank explosion, Part 1: Experimental Tests on Large Transformers, ASME PVP08 Conference, 2008.
• [2] Culver B., Froehlich K., Widenhorn L.: Prevention of tank rupture of faulted power transformers by generator circuit breakers, European Transactions on Electrical Power, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1996.
• [3] Allaire G., Clerc S. & Kokh S.: A Five Equation Model for the Simulation of Interfaces between Compressible Fluids, Journal of Computational Physics, vol. 181, 2, pp. 577-616, 2002.
• [4] Brady R., Muller S., De Bressy G., Magnier P., Perigaud G.: Prevention of transformer tank explosion, Part 2: Development and Application of a Numerical Simulation Tool, ASME PVP08 Conference, 2008.
• [5] Brady R., Muller S., Petrovan-Boiarciuc M., Perigaud G., Landis B.: Prevention of transformer tank explosion, Part 3: Design of Efficient Protections using Numerical Simulations, ASME PVP09 Conference, 2009.