Developments in Friction Stir based technologies

• Autorzy: Nascimento F , Quintino L.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Rozwój technologii zgrzewania tarciowego z mieszaniem materiału - FSW

• Konferencja: 56. Konferencja Spawalnicza "Spawalnictwo - zawsze można więcej", Sosnowiec, 14-15.10.2014
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Solid state techniques have been widespread and have the potential to be introduced in several industries solving problems that are not possible to resolve through the more common technologies. Friction Stir Welding is a welding technique based on friction mechanisms that has been studied since its discovery on 1991. This technique can weld aluminium and copper alloys and is of particular interest for the energy sector. Friction stir technology is widely used for welding aluminium through its potential reaches other areas. The present paper covers examples of applications of friction stir welding, surfacing and channelling, with potential for industrial implementation. The present paper depicts one example application in the replacement of copper by aluminium in electric power transformers which is of particular interest due to the savings that can be reached. A feasibility study has been carried out in which it is demonstrated that this process can effectively weld thin aluminium and copper plates producing very good results in the material mechanical and electrical properties. It was also confirmed that this process can effectively weld aluminium to copper however some restrictions must be made to guarantee a sound weld. Surfacing techniques are of particular interest because they can improve the mechanical properties of a certain material making it more robust to the environmental conditions. Developments in friction stir processing and friction surfacing are shown and result in improvement of the mechanical properties compared to the base material. It was concluded that both these processes can be used as surfacing techniques and usually the processed area presents better mechanical, wear and corrosion properties than the substrate. Friction Stir Channelling is a novel technique that can have a widespread application in the mould industry as it is a suitable technique for the production of internal conformal channels. An example focusing the production of two prototypes for the mould industry with the objective of rapidly homogenizing the surrounding temperature is presented in this paper.

PL

Technologia zgrzewania w stanie stałym jest szeroko rozpowszechniona i ma duży potencjał wzrożeniowy, zwłaszcza w tych miejcach, gdzie produkcja nie może być prowadzona z wykorzystaniem innych znanych technik spawalniczych. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) wykorzystuje do nagrzania metali i ich łączenia zjawiska tarcia. Dynamicznie się rozwija od jej wynalezienia w 1991 r. i nadaje się szczególnie do łączenia stopów aluminium, stopów miedzi i innych. Ma duże znaczenie dla sektora energetycznego. W artykule przedstawiono przykład zastosowania ww. technologii do zgrzewania elementów transformatorów elektrycznych, gdzie miedź zastąpiono aluminium, co jest szczególnie interesujące ze względu na potencjalne oszczędności. Udowodniono, że pomimo pewnych ograniczeń proces ten nadaje się do łaczenia cienkich blach aluminiowych i miedzianych. Szczególnie interesujące są techniki tarciowego modyfikowania powierzchni, ponieważ mogą poprawiać właściwości mechaniczne powierzchni materiału w ściśle określonym miejscu. Stosowanie modyfikacji tarciowej oraz wprowdzanie dodatkowego materiału mogą poprawiać odporność na ścieranie i właściwości antykorozyjne. Wytwarzanie kanałów metodą tarciową, tzw. FSC (ang. Friction Stir Channelling) jest nową techniką, która może znaleść szerokie zastosowanie w produkcji elementów chłodzących. Przedstawiono w niniejszym opracowaniu przykładową konstukcję takich dwóch, prototypowych wyrobów.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Aluminium alloys; friction stir welding; Surface Modification; Friction Stir Channelling

PL

stopy aluminium; zgrzewanie tarciowe; modyfikacja powierzchni; tarciowe wytwarzanie kanałów

• Wydawca: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Górnośląski Instytut Technologiczny
• Czasopismo: Biuletyn Instytutu Spawalnictwa w Gliwicach
• Rocznik: 2014
• Tom: Vol. 58, No. 5
• Strony: 12--23
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 32 poz., rys., tabl.

Twórcy

autor

Nascimento F

• Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, IDMEC, Instituto de Engenharia Mecanica - Pólo IST,Lisbon, Portugal

autor

Quintino L.

• Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, IDMEC, Instituto de Engenharia Mecanica - Pólo IST,Lisbon, Portugal

Bibliografia

• 1. T. M. Wayne, E. D. Nicholas, J. C. Needham, M. G. Murch, P. Templesmith, and C. J. Dawes, “Improvements relating to friction welding,” WO/1993/010935, International Patent Number PCT/GB92/02203,1992.
• 2. R. S. Mishra and Z. Y. Ma, “Friction stir welding and processing,” Mater. Sci. Eng. R Reports, vol. 50, no. 1–2, pp. 1–78, Aug. 2005.
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• 4. P. Cavaliere, A. Squillace, and F. Panella, “Effect of welding parameters on mechanical and microstructural properties of AA6082 joints produced by friction stir welding,” J. Mater. Process. Technol., vol. 200, no. 1–3, pp. 364– 372, May 2008.
• 5. D. M. Rodrigues, A. Loureiro, C. Leitao, R. M. Leal, B. M. Chaparro, and P. Vilaça, “Influence of friction stir welding parameters on the microstructural and mechanical properties of AA 6016-T4 thin welds,” Mater. Des., vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 1913–1921, Jun. 2009.
• 6. P. Cavaliere, A. De Santis, F. Panella, and A. Squillace, “Effect of welding parameters on mechanical and microstructural properties of dissimilar AA6082–AA2024 joints produced by friction stir welding,” Mater. Des., vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 609–616, Mar. 2009.
• 7. K. Elangovan and V. Balasubramanian, “Influences of tool pin profile and welding speed on the formation of friction stir processing zone in AA2219 aluminium alloy,” J. Mater. Process. Technol., vol. 200, no. 1–3, pp. 163– 175, May 2008.
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• 9. S. T. Amancio-Filho, S. Sheikhi, J. F. dos Santos, and C. Bolfarini, “Preliminary study on the microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir welds in aircraft aluminium alloys 2024-T351 and 6056-T4,” J. Mater. Process. Technol., vol. 206, no. 1–3, pp. 132–142, Sep. 2008.
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• 12.G. Casalino, S. Campanelli, and M. Mortello, “Influence of Shoulder Geometry and Coating of the Tool on the Friction Stir Welding of Aluminium Alloy Plates,” Procedia Eng., vol. 69, pp. 1541–1548, 2014.
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• 14.A. Steuwer, M. J. Peel, and P. J. Withers, “Dissimilar friction stir welds in AA5083–AA6082: The effect of process parameters on residual stress,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, vol. 441, no. 1–2, pp. 187–196, Dec. 2006.
• 15.C. Jonckheere, B. de Meester, A. Denquin, and A. Simar, “Torque, temperature and hardening precipitation evolution in dissimilar friction stir welds between 6061- T6 and 2014-T6 aluminum alloys,” J. Mater. Process. Technol., vol. 213, no. 6, pp. 826– 837, Jun. 2013.
• 16.P. Cavaliere and F. Panella, “Effect of tool position on the fatigue properties of dissimilar 2024-7075 sheets joined by friction stir welding,” J. Mater. Process. Technol., vol. 206, no. 1–3, pp. 249–255, Sep. 2008.
• 17. H. Jamshidi Aval, S. Serajzadeh, and A. H. Kokabi, “Evolution of microstructures and mechanical properties in similar and dissimilar friction stir welding of AA5086 and AA6061,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, vol. 528, no. 28, pp. 8071–8083, Oct. 2011.
• 18.A. Scialpi, M. De Giorgi, L. A. C. De Filippis, R. Nobile, and F. W. Panella, “Mechanical analysis of ultra-thin friction stir welding joined sheets with dissimilar and similar materials,” Mater. Des., vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 928– 936, Jan. 2008.
• 19.D. Liu, H. Nishio, and K. Nakata, “Anisotropic property of material arrangement in friction stir welding of dissimilar Mg alloys,” Mater. Des., vol. 32, no. 10, pp. 4818–4824, Dec. 2011.
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• 22.V.I. Vitanov, N. Javaid, and D.J. Stephenson, “Application of response surface methodology for the optimisation of micro friction surfacing process,” Surf. Coatings Technol., vol. 204, no. 21–22, pp. 3501–3508, Aug. 2010.
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• 25. S. Hanke, A. Fischer, M. Beyer, and J. dos Santos, “Cavitation erosion of NiAl-bronze layers generated by friction surfacing,” Wear, vol. 273, no. 1, pp. 32–37, Nov. 2011.
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• 27.N. Balasubramanian, R. S. Mishra, and K. Krishnamurthy, “Friction stir channeling: Characterization of the channels,” J. Mater. Process. Technol., vol. 209, no. 8, pp. 3696– 3704, Apr. 2009.
• 28. P. Vilaça and C. Vidal, “Ferramenta Modular Ajustável e Respectivo Processo de Abertura de Canais Internos Contínuos em Componentes Maciços (Modular adjustable tool and correspondent process for opening continuous internal channels in solid components),” National patent pending N.o 105628 T, 2011.
• 29. P. Vilaça, “Fundamentos do processo de soldadura por fricção linear – Análise experimental e modelação analítica,” Instituto Superior Técnico, 2003.
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• 32.J. Gandra, D. Pereira, R.M. Miranda, R.J.C. Silva, and P. Vilaça, “Deposition of AA6082-T6 over AA2024-T3 by friction surfacing - Mechanical and wear characterization,” Surf. Coatings Technol., vol. 223, pp. 32–40, May 2013.

Uwagi

PL

Wersja polska artykułu w wydaniu papierowym s. 17--24.