Assessment of Water Quality Using Water Quality Index (WQI): Case Study of Bakoya Aquifer, Al Hoceima, Northern Morocco

• Autorzy: Benaissa Chaimae , Bouhmadi Belkacem , Rossi Abdelhamid , El Hammoudani Yahya , Dimane Fouad

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12912/27197050/149495

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This work developed a groundwater quality index for the BAKOYA aquifer of the Al Hoceima city, Morocco, as well as the monitoring of physicochemical and bacteriological parameters of major chemical elements in the water used as drinking water for a large population of the region. The samples were taken in the coastal aquifer Bakoya Al Hoceima. The waters of the Rif region are highly mineralized and marked by sodium chloride or sodium-sulfate facies related mainly to a process of marine intrusion and dissolution of evaporite minerals included in the site rocks. The results obtained with the WQI index showed that 12 samples are eligible for excellent quality, while 18 samples are not good enough for consumption as drinking water. The results show that the groundwater samples studied are characterized by medium to high salinity, exceeding 4000 μS/cm. This mineralization of marine beginning is somewhat because of the severe abuse of groundwater and avalanches, known in the region because of the earthquake, which accelerates the phenomenon of saltwater intrusion in the coastal karstic aquifer. The salinity of this water reaches salinization levels C3 and C4, as classified by the Wilcox diagram, and the waters of the Bakoya massif have been qualified as very hard. Examination of the hydrochemical results with the drinking water quality norms set by the World Health Organization shows that most of the water inspected is not suitable for utilization, mainly because of the high levels of EC, TDS, and linked to marine intrusion, as well as the urban pollution factor that increases the content in the water.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

groundwater quality; water quality index; physicochemical; bacteriological; Bakoya massif

• Wydawca: Lubelski Oddział Polskiego Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej ; Lublin University of Technology ; WNGB Wydawnictwo Naukowe
• Czasopismo: Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: Vol. 23, iss. 4
• Strony: 31--44
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 33 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Benaissa Chaimae

• Geosciences Research Team on Natural Risks (Georisk), Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Avenue Khenifra, Tétouan 93000, Morocco

autor

Bouhmadi Belkacem

• Geosciences Research Team on Natural Risks (Georisk), Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Avenue Khenifra, Tétouan 93000, Morocco

autor

Rossi Abdelhamid

• Geosciences Research Team on Natural Risks (Georisk), Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Avenue Khenifra, Tétouan 93000, Morocco

autor

El Hammoudani Yahya

• Engineering Sciences and Applications Laboratory, Department of Energy and Environmental Civil Engineering, National School of Applied Sciences of Al Hoceima, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Avenue Khenifra, Tétouan 93000, Morocco

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8751-1801

autor

Dimane Fouad

• Engineering Sciences and Applications Laboratory, Department of Energy and Environmental Civil Engineering, National School of Applied Sciences of Al Hoceima, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Avenue Khenifra, Tétouan 93000, Morocco

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