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Casting is the most economical way of producing parts for many industries ranging from automotive, aerospace to construction towards small appliances in many shares. One of the challenges is the achievement of defect-free cast parts. There are many ways to do this which starts with calculation and design of proper runner system with correct size and number of feeders. The first rule suggests starting with clean melt. Yet, rejected parts can still be found. Although depending on the requirement from the parts, some defects can be tolerated, but in critical applications, it is crucial that no defect should exist that would deteriorate the performance of the part. Several methods exist on the foundry floor to detect these defects. Functional safety criteria, for example, are a must for today's automotive industry. These are not compromised under any circumstances. In this study, based on the D-FMEA (Design Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) study of a functional safety criterion against fuel leakage, one 1.4308 cast steel function block, which brazed-on fuel rail port in fuel injection unit, was investigated. Porosity, buckling, inclusion and detection for leak were carried out by non-destructive test (NDT) methods. It was found that the best practice was the CT-Scan (Computed Tomography) for such applications.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
13--17
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 15 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
autor
- Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
autor
- Bosch Powertrain Solutions, Bursa, Turkey
autor
- Foseco Non-Ferrous Metal Treatment, Netherlands
Bibliografia
- [1] Stefanescu, D.M. (2005). Computer simulation of shrinkage related defects in metal castings–a review. International Journal of Cast Metals Research. 18(3), 129-143.
- [2] Kweon, E.S., Roh, D.H., Kim, S.B. & Stefanescu, D.M. (2020). Computational modeling of shrinkage porosity formation in spheroidal graphite iron: a proof of concept and experimental validation. International Journal of Metalcasting. 14, 601-609.
- [3] Campbell, J. (2015). Complete casting handbook: metal casting processes, metallurgy, techniques and design. Butterworth-Heinemann.
- [4] Duckers, (2015). AISI Materials Content Analysis: Final Report.
- [5] Meola, C., Squillace, A., Minutolo, F.M.C. & Morace, R.E. (2004). Analysis of stainless steel welded joints: a comparison between destructive and non-destructive techniques. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 155, 1893-1899.
- [6] Menzies I. & Koshy, P. (2009). In-process detection of surface porosity in machined castings. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture. 49(6), 530-535.
- [7] Ushakov, V.M., Davydov, D.M. & Domozhirov, L.I. (2011). Detection and measurement of surface cracks by the ultrasonic method for evaluating fatigue failure of metals. Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing. 47(9), 631-641.
- [8] Vazdirvanidis, A., Pantazopoulos, G. & Louvaris, A. (2009). Failure analysis of a hardened and tempered structural steel (42CrMo4) bar for automotive applications. Engineering Failure Analysis. 16(4), 1033-1038.
- [9] Gupta, R.K., Ramkumar, P. & Ghosh, B.R. (2006). Investigation of internal cracks in aluminium alloy AA7075 forging. Engineering Failure Analysis. 13(1), 1-8.
- [10] Smokvina Hanza S. & Dabo, D. (2017). Characterization of cast iron using ultrasonic testing, HDKBR INFO Mag. 7(1), 3- 7.
- [11] Krautkrämer, J. & Krautkrämer, H. (1990). Ultrasonic Testing of Materials” Springer-Verlag.
- [12] Ziółkowski, G., Chlebus, E., Szymczyk, P. & Kurzac, J. (2014). Application of X-ray CT method for discontinuity and porosity detection in 316L stainless steel parts produced with SLM technology. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering. 14(4), 608-614.
- [13] A. du Plessis, A., le Roux, S.G. & Guelpa, A. (2016). Comparison of medical and industrial X-ray computed tomography for non-destructive testing. Case Studies in Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation. 6(A), 17-25.
- [14] Kurz, J.H., Jüngert, A., Dugan, S., Dobmann, G. & Boller, C. (2013). Reliability considerations of NDT by probability of detection (POD) determination using ultrasound phased array. Engineering Failure Analysis. 35, 609-617.
- [15] Sika, R., Rogalewicz, M., Kroma, A. & Ignaszak, Z. (2020). Open atlas of defects as a supporting knowledge base for cast iron defects analysis. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 20(1), 55-60.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-b9eaa8a1-f0e5-4c25-ac2c-54c8219b3be3