Correlation between physical and chemical parameters of water and biotic indices: The case study the White Drin River basin, Kosovo

• Autorzy: Zhushi Etemi Ferdije , Çadraku Hazir , Bytyçi Arbnore , Kuçi Tetlinda , Desku Arbnore , Ymeri Prespa , Bytyçi Pajtim

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/jwld.2020.134585

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The major impacts on aquatic ecosystems worldwide caused by land use lead to changes in their natural conditions and limitation of water use for various needs. This paper presents the results of the study of the physical and chemical parameters and macroinvertebrate assemblage in the White Drin River (or: the Drim River, Alb. the Drini i Bardhë River) basin, the largest in Kosovo. Macroinvertebrate sampled at 11 sites in the river resulted in 5946 collected benthic organisms, which in taxonomic terms belong to 12 orders and 51 families. Of the total number of organisms, 72.28% were Insects, 25.39% Amphipoda crustaceans and 2.33% were Annelide worms and Mollusk. The used biotic indices Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP), Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT), average score per taxon (ASPT) and Stroud Water Research Center (SWRC) classify water quality in excellent category in the sampling site S1 near the source of the White Drin River, whereas in other sampling sites, as a result of pollution, water quality varies on category II–IV. The Pearson's correlation analyses shown that the physical and chemical parameters affect the water quality and the composition of macroinvertebrates. Our results show that the parameters that adversely affect the BMWP, EPT and ASPT biotic indices as well as the Shannon–Wiener, Mergalef and Menhinik diversity indices are: pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total suspended solids (TSS), nitrates (NO₃^–) and chlorides (Cl^–). We can conclude that the anthropogenic impact on White Drin basin affects the physical, chemical and biological parameters of the water therefore these parameters should be constantly included in Biomonitoring and Management plans for water resources in Kosovo.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

biotic index; diversity index; macroinvertebrate assemblage; pollution; White Drin River basin

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo ITP
• Czasopismo: Journal of Water and Land Development
• Rocznik: 2020
• Tom: no. 46
• Strony: 229--241
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 45 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Zhushi Etemi Ferdije

• University of Prishtina, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, street George Bush, nn. 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo

autor

Çadraku Hazir

• University for Business and Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Prishtina, Kosovo

autor

Bytyçi Arbnore

• University of Prishtina, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, street George Bush, nn. 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo

autor

Kuçi Tetlinda

• University of Prishtina, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, street George Bush, nn. 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo

autor

Desku Arbnore

• University of Prishtina, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, street George Bush, nn. 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo

autor

Ymeri Prespa

• Szent István University, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Climate Change Economics Research Centre, Gödöllö, Hungary

autor

Bytyçi Pajtim

• University of Prishtina, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, street George Bush, nn. 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
• University for Business and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Environment, Prishtina, Kosovo

Bibliografia

• ALAVAISHA E., LYON S., LINDBORG R. 2019. Assessment of water quality across irrigation schemes: A case study of wetland agriculture impacts in Kilombero Valley, Tanzania. Water. Vol. 11. Iss. 4, 671 p. 1–20. DOI 10.3390/w11040671.
• ALBA-TERCEDOR J. 1996. Macroinvertebrados acuáticos y calidad de las aguas de los ríos. En: IV Simposio sobre el Agua en Andalucıa [Aquatic macroinvertebrates and water quality of rivers. In: IV Symposium on Water in Andalusia (SIAGA)]. Almeria. Vol. 2. Iss. 1 p. 203–213.
• ARMITAGE P., MOSS D., WRIGHT J., FURSE M. 1983. The performance of a new biological water quality score system based on macroin-vertebrates over a wide range of unpolluted running-water sites. Water Resources. Vol. 17. Iss. 3 p. 333–347.
• ARTEMIADOU V., LAZARIDOU M. 2005. Evaluation score and interpretation index of the ecological quality of running waters in central and northern Hellas. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. Vol. 1. Iss. 10 p. 1–40. DOI 10.1007/s10661-005-6289-7.
• AZRINA M.Z., YAP C.K., RAHIM ISMAIL A., ISMAIL A., TAN S.G. 2006. Anthropogenic impacts on the distribution and biodiversity of benthic macroinvertebrates and water quality of the Langat River, Peninsular Malaysia. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. Vol. 64. Iss. 3 p. 337–347. DOI 10.1016/ j.ecoenv.2005.04.003.
• BAJRAKTARI N., KASTRATI G., MORINA I., BAJRAKTARI Y. 2019. Exploration of physico-chemical parameters in environmental matrices of the River Cerica and a segment of the River Drini I Bardhë. Journal of Ecological Engineering. Vol. 20. Iss. 4 p. 127–135. DOI 10.12911/22998993/102797.
• BARTON D., METCALFE-SMITH J. 1992. A comparison of sampling techniques and summary indices for assessment of water quality in the Yamaska River, Qubec, based on benthic macroinvertebrates. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. Vol. 21. Iss. 3 p. 225–244. DOI 10.1007/bf00399689.
• BERLIN A., THIELE V. 2002. Trichoptera in assessment and classification of streams in the lowlands of northeastern Germany. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Trichoptera. Ed. W. Mey. Nova Supplementa Entomologica. Keltern, 15 p. 481–490.
• BODE R., NOVAK M., ABELE L. 1996. Quality assurance work plan for biological stream monitoring in New York State. Albany, NY. NYS Department of Environmental Conservation pp. 89.
• BYTYÇI P., ZHUSHI ETEMI F., ISMAILI M., SHALA A., SER-BINOVSKI M., ÇADRAKU H., FETOSHI O. 2018. Biomonitoring of water quality of river Nerodime based on physicochemical parameters and macroinvertebrates. Rasayan Journal of Chemistry. Vol. 11. Iss. 2 p. 554–568. DOI 10.31788/RJC. 2018.1122087.
• CZERNIAWSKA-KUSZA I. 2005. Comparing modified biological monitoring working party score system and several biological indices based on macroinvertebrates for water-quality assessment. Limnologica – Ecology and Management of Inland Waters. Vol. 35. Iss. 3 p. 169–176. DOI 10.1016/j.limno. 2005.05.003.
• DALLAS H. 2008. Water temperature and riverine ecosystems: An overview of knowledge and approaches for assessing biotic responses, with special reference to South Africa. Water SA. Vol. 34. Iss. 3 p. 393–404.
• DE PAUW N., GABRIELS W., GOETHALS P. 2006. River monitoring and assessment methods based on macroinvertebrates. In: Biological Monitoring of Rivers. Applications and Perspectives. Eds. G. Ziglio, M. Siligardi, G. Flaim. Chichester. John Wiley & Sons p. 113–134.
• Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. Official Journal of the European Communities S327 p. 1–72.
• DUKA S., PEPA B., KECI E., PAPARISTO A., LAZO P. 2017. Bio-monitoring of water quality of the Osumi, Devolli, and Shkumbini rivers through benthic macroinvertebrates and chemical parameters. Journal of Environmental Science and Health. P. A. Vol. 52. Iss. 5 p. 471–478. DOI 10.1080/ 10934529.2016.1274167.
• HAIDEKKER A., HERING D. 2008. Relationship between benthic insects (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Coleoptera, Trichoptera) and temperature in small and medium-sized streams in Ger-many: A multivariate study. Aquatic Ecology. Vol 42. Iss. 1 p. 463–481.
• HENLEY W.E., PATTERSON M.A., NEVES R.J., LEMLY D.A. 2000. Effects of sedimentation and turbidity on lotic food webs: A concise review for natural resource managers. Reviews in Fisheries Science. Vol. 8. Iss. 21 p. 125–139.
• HERING D., MOOG O., SANDIN L., VERDONSCHOT P. 2004. Overview and application of the AQEM assessment system. Hydrobiology. Vol. 5169. Iss. 1 p. 1–20. DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-0993-5_1.
• HILSENHOFF W. 1977. Use of arthropods to evaluate water quality of streams. Technical bulletin. Wisconsin Department of Nat-ural Resources. No. 100 pp. 15.
• ILIOPOULOU-GEORGUDAKI J., KANTZARIS V., KATHARIOS P., KASPIRIS TH., MONTESANTOU B. 2003. An application of different bioindicators for assessing water quality: a case study in the rivers Alfeios and Pineios (Peloponnisos, Greece). Ecological Indicators. Vol. 2. Iss. 1 p 345–360. DOI 10.1016/ S1470-160X(03)00004-9.
• ISO 5667-6:2014. Water quality sampling – Part 6: Guidance on sampling of rivers and streams.
• KHOLODKEVICH S.V., IVANOV A.V., KURAKIN A.S., KORNIENKO E.L., FEDOTOV V. 2008. Real time biomonitoring of surface water toxicity level at water supply stations. Journal of Environmental Bioindicators. Vol. 3. Iss. 1 p. 23–34. DOI 10.1080/15555270701885747.
• KROISS H., LAMPERT C., ZESSNER M. 2005. Nutrient management in the Danube Basin and its impact on the Black Sea. DAN-UBS Final Report. EVK1-CT-2000-00051 pp. 69.
• MANDAVILLE S. 2002. Benthic macroinvertebrates in freshwatertaxa tolerance values, metrics, and protocols. Halifax. Soil and Water Conservation Society of Metro Halifax pp. 47 + Appendixes.
• MARGALEF R. 1958. Information theory in ecology. International Journal of General Systems. Vol. 3 p. 36–71.
• MARTÍNEZ-SANZ C., PUENTE-GARCÍA S.M., REBOLLED E.R., JI-MÉNEZ-PRADO P. 2014. Macroinvertebrate richness importance in coastal tropical streams of Esmeraldas (Ecuador) and its use and implications in environmental management procedures. Internationl Journal of Ecology. Vol. 1 p. 1–11. DOI 10.1155/2014/253134.
• MCGONIGLE J. 2000. Education, leaf packs and beyond [online]. Upstream Newsletter. Spring. Stround Water Research Center. [Access 15.12.2019]. Available at: https://stroudcenter. org/news/2000spring/
• MOHIUDDIN K., ZAKIR M., OTOMO K., SHARMIN S., SHIKAZONO N. 2010. Geochemical distribution of trace metal pollutants in water and sediments of downstream of an urban river. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. Vol. 7. Iss. 1 p. 17–28. DOI 10.1007/BF03326113.
• OSMAN A., KLOAS W. 2010. Water quality and heavy metal mon-itoring in water, sediments and tissues of the African Catfish Clariasgariepinus (Burchell, 1822) from the River Nile, Egypt. Journal of Environmental Protection. Vol. 1. Iss. 1 p. 389–400. DOI 10.4236/jep.2010.14045.
• RICHTER B., BRAUN D., MENDELSON M., MASTER L. 1997. Threats to imperiled freshwater fauna. Conservation Biology. Vol. 11. No. 5 p. 1081–109.
• ROSENBERG D., RESH V. 1993. Fresh water biomonitoring and benthic macroinvertebrates. Chapman & Hall. Springer US. ISBN 978-0-412-02251-7 pp. 488.
• SCHMIEDT K., JONES R., BRILL I., PIKAL W. 1998. EPT (Epheromeraptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera) Family richness modified biotic index.
• SHANNON C. 1948. A mathematical theory of communication. Bell System Technical Journal. Vol. 27. Iss. 1 p. 379–423 and 623–656.
• SIMPSON E. 1949. Measurement of diversity. Nature. Vol. 163, 688. DOI 10.1038/163688a0.
• SWRC 2007. Leaf Pack Network: Watersheds [online]. Avondale, PA. Stroud Water Research Center. [Access 15.12.2019]. Available at: www.stroudcenter.org/lpn/more/ data
• TACHET H., RICHOUX P., BOURNAUD M., USSEGLIO-POLATERA P. 2000. Freshwater invertebrates. Systematics, biology, ecology. CNRS Editions. pp. 588.
• VIDINOVA Y., TYUFEKCHIEVA V., VARADINOVA E., STOICHEV S., KENDEROV L., DEDOV I., UZUNOV Y. 2016. Taxonomic list of benthic macroinvertebrate communities of inland standing water bodies in Bulgaria. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica. Vol. 68. Iss. 2 p. 147–158.
• WANG J. 2014. Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) impact on water quality and environmental ecosystem in the Harlem River. Journal of Environmental Protection. Vol. 5. Iss. 13 p. 1373–1389. DOI 10.4236/jep.2014.513131.
• WARD J.V. 1992. Temperature. In: Aquatic insect ecology. Ed. J.V. Ward. London. Wiley.
• WARINGER J., GRAF W. 1997. Atlas der österreichischen Köcherfliegenlarven [Atlas of Austrian Trichoptera]. Wien. Facultas Universitätsverlag pp. 286.
• WILHM J.L., DORRIS T. 1968. Biological parameters for water quality criteria. BioScience. Vol. 18. Iss. 6 p. 477–481. DOI 10.2307/1294272.
• WILLIAMS D.D., FELTMATE B.W. 1992. Aquatic insects. Oxon. CAB International. ISBN 0-85198-782-6 pp. 358.
• YAP C., RAHIM A.I., AZRINA M., ISMAIL A., TAN S. 2006. The influential of physico-chemical parameters on the distributions of oligochateas (Limnodrilus sp.) at the polluted downstream of the tropical Langat River, Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management. Vol. 10. Iss. 3 p. 135–140. DOI 10.4314/jasem.v10i3.17332.
• ZEYBEK M., KALYONCU H., KARAKAŞ B., ÖZGÜL S. 2014. The use of BMWP and ASPT indices for evaluation of water quality according to macroinvertebrates in Değirmendere Stream (Isparta, Turkey). Turkish Journal of Zoology. Vol. 38. Iss. 1 p. 603–613. DOI 10.3906/zoo-1310-9.
• ZHUSHI ETEMI F., BYTYÇI P., ISMAILI M., FETOSHI O., YMERI P., SHALA-ABAZI A., MUJA-BAJRAKTARI N., MARTON CZIKKELY M. 2020. The use of macroinvertebrate based biotic indices and diversity indices to evaluate the water quality of Lepenci River basin in Kosovo. Journal of Environmental Science and Health. P. A. Vol. 55. Iss. 4 p. 1–13. DOI 10.1080/10934529. 2020.1738172.