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Environmental effects of using large rivers for irrigation in the Kazakhstan – Syr Darya case study

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EN
Abstrakty
EN
The issues discussed in the paper concern the assessment of changes in quantitative and qualitative indicators of water resources in the climatic conditions of the southern part of Kazakhstan. For this purpose, many years of systematic field observations and other continuous data obtained from the functioning measurement and observation stations operating within the Aral-Syrdarya Basin Inspection were used. On the basis of the obtained data, indicators were determined that characterize the quantity and quality of water supplied to the soil in the irrigation process, as well as the quantity and quality of water flowing out of the drainage systems, together with an evaluation of the effectiveness of irrigation and drainage systems. Soil salinity was assessed in five irrigated massifs with a total area of 332.55 thous. ha. For the same irrigated massifs, the annual amounts of water taken for irrigation, the amount of outflowing water and the assessment of the mineralization level were determined. Based on the developed results of field observations characterizing the hydrological and environmental situation of the lower section of the Syr Darya River in 1960–2015, the negative reaction coefficients were calculated for the local population, soil and vegetation for five of the irrigated massifs of the Kyzylorda region. The ecological situation of the habitat of soil and plants in the lower reaches of the Syr Darya River in all irrigation areas deteriorates on a time scale, since as a result of the reclamation of agricultural lands, intensive secondary soil salinization occurs and the formation of infiltration runoff with high mineralization, contributing to the violation of the harmonization of the relationship between nature and man.
Wydawca
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
125--134
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 27 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
  • Kazakh National Agrarian University, Faculty of Hydrotechnics, Land Reclamation and Business, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  • Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
  • Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Rice Cultivation, Kyzylorda, Kazakhstan
  • Kazakh National Agrarian University, Faculty of Hydrotechnics, Land Reclamation and Business, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Bibliografia
  • ADILBEKTEGI G., MUSTAFAYEV J.S., UVATAYEVA T.K., DULATBEKOVA Z.N., MOSIEJ J. 2019. A new approach to the evaluation of bioclimatic potential of landscapes on the example of northern Kazakhstan. News of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Series of Geology and Technical Sciences. Vol. 5. No. 437 p. 16–25. DOI 10.32014/ 2019.2518-170X.121.
  • ADILBEKTEGI G.A., MUSTAFAEV Z.S., UVATAYEVA T.K., DULATBEKOVA Z.N.,MOSIEJ J. 2019. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of biological and ecological potential of the landscapes of southern Kazakhstan. News of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Series of Geology and Technical Sciences. Vol. 6. No. 438 p. 96–103. DOI 10.32014/2019.2518-170X.160.
  • AIDAROV I.P., PESTOV L.F. 2000. Drainage of irrigated land. In: Agricultural land improvement: Amelioration and reclamation. Encyclopaedia of life support system. Vol. 1. UNESCO p. 293–315.
  • ALIMOV A.F. 1990. Osnovnyye printsipy teorii funktsionirovaniya vodnykh ekosistem [Basic principles of the theory of functioning of aquatic ecosystems]. Hydrobiology, 6. Vol. 26 p. 3–12.
  • DMITRIEV V.V. 1995. Diagnostika i modelirovanie vodnykh ekosystem [Diagnostics and modelling of aquatic ecosystems]. Sant-Peterburgskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet pp. 215.
  • ESPOSITO W.R., FLOUDAS C.A. 2001. Entropy optimization: parameter estimation. In: Encyclopedia of optimization. Springer, Boston, MA. DOI 10.1007/0-306-48332-7_118.
  • JURÍK L., HALAJ P., KALETOVÁ T., MOSIEJ J., POKRÝVKOVÁ J., SEDMÁKOVÁ M. 2018. Environmental effects of temperature rise and long periods without precipitation on soil processes – case study for southern Slovakia. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Land Reclamation. Vol. 50 (3) p. 273–286.
  • KHACHATURYAN V.KH. 1990a. Otsenka ekologicheskoy situacii pri obosnovanii proyektov rekonstrutsii [Assessment of the environmental situation in the justification of reconstruction projects]. Melioratsiya i vodnoye khozyaystvo. No. 3 p. 17–21.
  • KHACHATURYAN V.KH. 1990b. Obosnovanie sel’skokhoyastvennykh melioratsii iz ekologicheskikh pozicii [Rationale for agricultural land reclamation from environmental positions]. Bulletin of Agricultural Science. 5 p. 43–48.
  • KHACHATURYAN V.KH., AIDAROV I.P. 1990. Konceptsiya ulutsheniya ekologiceskoy i meliorativnoy situatsii v basejnie Aral’skogo morya [The concept of improving the environmental and meliorative situation in the Aral Sea Basin]. Part 1. Melioration and Water Management. Vol. 12 p. 5–12.
  • KHACHATURYAN V.KH., AIDAROV I.P. 1991. Konceptsiya ulutsheniya ekologicheskoy i meliorativnoy situatsii v baseynie Arasl’kogo morya [The concept of improving the environmental and meliorative situation in the Aral Sea Basin]. Part 2. Melioration and Water Management. Vol. 1 p. 2–9.
  • KOZYKEYEVA A.T., MUSTAFAYEV Z.S., ALDIYAROVA A.E., ARYSTANOVA A.B., MOSIEJ J. 2020. Methodical support of integrated management of water resources of the basin of transboundary rivers. News of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Series of Geology and Technical Sciences. Vol. 4. No. 442 p. 52–61. DOI 10.32014/ 2020.2518-170X.84.
  • MASLOV B.S. 2000. Agricultural land improvement: Amelioration and reclamation. In: Encyclopedia of life support system. Vol. 1. UNESCO p. 1–54.
  • MINAYEV I.V., MASLOV B.S. 2002. History of land improvement. In: Encyclopedia of life support system. Vol. 1. UNESCO p. 1–22.
  • MUSTAFAYEV ZH.S. 1997. Pochvennoekologicheskoye obosnovanie melioracii sel’kokhozyaystvennykh zemel’ v Kazakhstanie [Soil-ecological justification of land reclamation in Kazakhstan]. Almaty. Gylym pp. 358.
  • MUSTAFAYEV ZH.S. 2004. Metodologicheskiye i ekologicheskiye printsipy melioratsii sel’skokhozyastvennykh kul’tur v Kazakhstanie [Methodological and ecological principles of amelioration of agricultural crops in Kazakhstan]. Tarazskiy regional'nyy universitet im. M.Kh. Dulati pp. 306.
  • MUSTAFAYEV ZH.S., KOZYKEEVA A.T. 1997. O metodikie ekologicheskoy otsenki prirodnoy sredy [On the methodology of environmental assessment of the environment. Problems of hydraulic engineering and land reclamation in Kazakhstan]. Conference Proceedings. Almaty. KazNAU p. 128–133.
  • MUSTAFAYEV ZH.S., KOZYKEEVA A.T. 2009. Ekologicheskiye problemy baseyna Aral’skogo morya [Ecological problems of the Aral Sea basin]. Taraz University pp. 354.
  • MUSTAFAYEV ZH.S., KOZYKEEVA A.T. 2012. Baseyn Aral’skogo morya: proshloye, nastojashcheye i budushcheye [The Aral Sea basin: Past, present and future]. Taraz University pp. 318.
  • MUSTAFAYEV Z., MOSIEJ J., KOZYKEEVA A., ZHANYMKHAN K. 2017. Methods of complex assessment of natural and anthropogenic pressure for water resources in Central Asia – Karatal river case study. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference: Rural Development p. 703–709. DOI 10.15544/RD.2017.123.
  • MUSTAFAEV ZH.S., KOZYKEEVA A.T., ZHANYMKHAN K.A., ALDIYAROVA E., MOSIEJ J. 2019. The methods of assessment of maximum allowable impacts ecologically on small rivers. In: News of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Series of Geology and Technical Sciences, 2, 434, p. 30–38. DOI 10.32014/2019.2518-170X.35.
  • NIKOLSKIJ Y.N. 1996. Ecological consequences of irrigation. ICID Journal. Vol. 45 p. 59–73.
  • NIKOLSKII I., LUCKE B., HELBRON H., PALEKHOV D. 2010. The socio-economic framework: What can be learned from earlier failures? In: Progressive development. environmental science and engineering. Ed. A. Issar. Berlin–Heidelberg. Springer p. 115–117.
  • RYDÉN L., MOSIEJ J., KARCZMARCZYK A. (eds.) 2017. Agricultur-al water management and irrigation. Uppsala Universitet pp. 129.
  • SHBANOV V.V. 2000. Global needs for land reclamation. In: Encyclopaedia of life support system. Vol. 1. UNESCO p. 117–134.
  • TALTAKOV I. 2015. The Syr Darya river – new ecological disaster in central Asia. Acta Scientiarum. Polonorum. Formatio Circumiectus. Vol. 14(4) p. 135–140. DOI 10.15576/ASP. FC/2015.14.4.135c.
  • YUNUSSOVA G., MOSIEJ J. 2016. Transboundary water management priorities in Central Asia countries – Tobol River case study in Kazakhstan. Journal of Water and Land Development. No. 31 p. 157–167. DOI 10.1515/jwld-2016-0047.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-b828b220-a171-433d-8987-52156a106b4b
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