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Whereas the use of biofuels has attracted increasing attention, the aim of this paper is to investigate the possibility of using sewage sludge as biofuel. Preparation of untreated and stabilised sludge with natural additives is described, as well as combusting method applied and experimental results of combusting are presented based on the assessment of composition of emitted pollutants and their concentrations in the exhaust gas. NOx formation in the exhaust gas has been analysed in depth. The results of investigations have shown that the use of dried sewage sludge possesses a positive energy balance. Therefore, the sludge may be used as fuel. The obtained experimental results demonstrate that during combustion, pollutant concentrations vary depending on oxygen content (O2), while formation of nitrogen oxides is strongly influenced by fuel-bound nitrogen. Also, a generalized equation of calculating fuel bound nitrogen conversion into NOx is presented.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
203--214
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 12 poz., tab., rys.
Twórcy
autor
- Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Department of Environmental Protection, Sauletekio al. 11, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
autor
- Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Department of Environmental Protection, Sauletekio al. 11, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
autor
- Kaunas University of Technology, Department of Thermal and Nuclear Energy, Donelaicio st. 20, 44239 Kaunas, Lithuania
autor
- Kaunas University of Technology, Department of Thermal and Nuclear Energy, Donelaicio st. 20, 44239 Kaunas, Lithuania
Bibliografia
- 1. Cartmell E., Gostelow P., Riddel-Black D., Simms N., Oakey J., Morris J., Jeffrey P., Howsam P., Pollard J.S., 2006. Biosolids – a fuel or a waste? An integrated appraisal of five co-combustion scenarios with policy analysis. Env. Sci. Technol., 40, 649–658. DOI: 10.1021/es052181g.
- 2. Buinevičius K. 2009. Pollutant emissions from the combustion of bone meal studies. Žemes ukio inžinerija, 41, 112-125 (in Lithuanian).
- 3. Čepanko V., Baltrenas P., 2009. Assessment of air pollution by burning fermented waste. Mokslas–Lietuvos ateitis, 1, 105–109 (in Lithuanian).
- 4. Čepanko V., Baltrenas P., Buinevičius K., 2010. Assessment of air pollution when incinerating fermented waste with combustion gas components, Chem. Process Eng., 31, 163–179.
- 5. Čepanko V., Baltrenas P., 2011. Investigating natural zeolite and wood ash effects on carbon and nitrogen content in grain residue compost. Pol. J. Environ. Stud., 20, 1411-1418.
- 6. Denafas G., Buineviius K., Urniežaite I., Puškorius R., Rekašius J., 2004. Meat and bone meal incineration in terms of industrial and energetic infrastructure in Lithuania: Energetic and environmental aspects. Environmental Research, Engineering Management 4(30), 36–48. DOI: 10.5755/j01.erem.63.1.2823.
- 7. Kavaliauskas A., Katinas V., 2004. Solid fuel combustion in bed experimental study. Energetika, 3, 12-20 (in Lithuanian).
- 8. Magdziarz A., Wilk M., Kosturkiewicz B., 2011. Investigation of sewage sludge preparation for combustion process. Chem. Process Eng., 32, 299-309. DOI: 10.2478/v10176-011-0024-4.
- 9. Magdziarz A., Wilk M., Zajemska M., 2011. Modelling of pollutants concentrations from the biomass combustion process, Chem. Process Eng.I, 32, 423-433. DOI: 10.2478/v10176-011-0034-2.
- 10. Plečkaitiene R., Buinevičius K., 2011. The factors which have influence on nitrogen conversion formation. ICEE2011 - International Conference on Environmental Engineering, 19–20 May 2011, Vilnius, Lithuania. 263-269.
- 11. Sanger M., Werther J., Ogada T., 2001. NOx and N2O emission characteristics from fluidised bed combustion of semi-ried municipal sewage sludge. Fuel, 80, 167–177. DOI: 10.1016/S0016-2361(00)00093-4.
- 12. Shimizu T., Toyono M., Ohsawa H., 2006. Emissions of NOx and N2O during co-combustion of dried sewage sludge with coal in a bubbling fluidized bed combustor. Fuel, 86, 957–964. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2006.10.001.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-b7354085-14b6-4247-9b35-d35eea6e335e