Study of radon flux and natural radionuclides (²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K) in the Main Boundary Thrust region of Garhwal Himalaya

• Autorzy: Kandari T. , Prasad M. , Pant P. , Semwal P. , Bourai A. A. , Ramola R. C.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.1007/s11600-018-0158-6

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The Himalayan region is subdivided lithologically into four regions in which the junction between the lower Himalaya and Shivalik is known as the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT). It is well known that the environmental radon concentration depends upon various geological factors including faults, thrust, cracks and the composition of the soil. Radon gas eventually comes out from the fault/thrust zones having radium as its prominent source. Hence, it is important to study the behaviour of emission of radon present inside the earth crust as well as the levels of natural radionuclides in soil. In this study, the levels of natural radionuclides and exhalation rates of radon in the soil of MBT region of Garhwal Himalaya, India, were determined by using gamma ray spectrometer and scintillation detector-based Smart Radon Monitor, respectively. The average activities of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K were found 71.9, 88.2 and 893.6 Bq Kg^-1, respectively. The measured radon surface flux was found to vary from 13.08 to 1626.4 Bq m^-2 h^-1 with a mean value of 256.5 Bq m^-2 h^-1. The measured activity levels were used to assess the doses associated with the contaminated soil.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

gamma-ray spectrometry; exhalation; doses; Main Boundary Thrust

PL

spektrometria gamma; ekshalacja; dawki

• Wydawca: Instytut Geofizyki PAN ; Springer
• Czasopismo: Acta Geophysica
• Rocznik: 2018
• Tom: Vol. 66, no. 5
• Strony: 1243--1248
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 32 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Kandari T.

• Department of Physics H.N.B. Garhwal University Tehri Garhwa India

autor

Prasad M.

• Department of Physicsv Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee India

autor

Pant P.

• Department of Physics H.N.B. Garhwal University Tehri Garhwa India

autor

Semwal P.

• Department of Physics H.N.B. Garhwal University Tehri Garhwa India

autor

Bourai A. A.

• Department of Physics H.N.B. Garhwal University Tehri Garhwa India

autor

Ramola R. C.

• Department of Physics H.N.B. Garhwal University Tehri Garhwa India

Bibliografia

• 1. Agbalagba EO, Avwiri GO, Chad-Umoreh YE (2012) γ-Spectroscopy measurement of natural radioactivity and assessment of radiation hazard indices in soil samples from oil fields environment of Delta state, Nigeria. J Environ Radioact 109:64–70
• 2. Aswal S, Kandari T, Sahoo BK, Bourai AA, Ramola RC (2016) Emission of soil gas radon concentration around Main Central Thrust in Ukhimath (Rudraprayag) region of Garhwal Himalaya. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 171(2):243–247
• 3. Beck HL, De Campo J, Gogolak CV (1972) In-situ Ge(Li) and Na(Tl) gamma ray spectrometry. Us Department of Energy, Environmental Measurements Laboratory, HASL-258, New York
• 4. Bourai AA, Aswal S, Kandari T, Kumar S, Joshi V, Sahoo BK, Ramola RC (2016) Study of radon flux from soil in Budhakedar region using SRM. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 171(2):267–270
• 5. Buttafuoco G, Tallarico A, Falcone G, Guagliardi I (2010) Ageostatistical approach for mapping and uncertainty assessment of geogenic radon gas in soil in an area of southern Italy. Environ Earth Sci 61:491–505
• 6. Csige I (1997) Exhalation rate measurement on soil surfaces with alpha GUARD. In: Radon workshop, alpha tour’ 97 IRPA regional symposium, Prague, Czech Republic
• 7. EC (European Commision) (1999) Radiation protection 112, Radiological protection principles concerning the natural radioactivity of building material. Directorate–General Environment, Nuclear safety and civil protection
• 8. Etiope G, Martenelli G (2002) Migration of carrier and trace gases in the geosphere: an overview. Phys Earth Planet Inter 129:185–204
• 9. Gansser A (1964) Geology of the Himalaya. Interscience, London, p 289
• 10. Gregoric A, Vaupotic J, Kardos R, Horvath M, Bujtor T, Kovacs T (2013) Radon emenation of soils from different lithological units. Carpathian J Earth Environ Sci 8(2):185–190
• 11. Hakl J, Hunyadi I, Varhegi A (1995) The study of sub-surface radon transport dynamics based on monitoring in caves. Gas Geochem 16:391–398
• 12. IAEA (2003) Guidelines for radioelement mapping using gamma ray spectrometry data. International atomic energy agency, IAEA-TECDOC-1363, Vienna, Austria
• 13. Ibrahim N (1999) Natural radioactivity of 238U, 232Th and 40K in building materials. J Environ Radiact 43:255–258
• 14. ICRP (1991) International commission on radiological protection. “1990 recommendations of the international commission on radiological protection”. ICRP Publication 60, Annals of the ICRP, vol 21. Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp 1–3
• 15. Jankovic M, Todorovic D, Savanovic M (2008) Radioactivity measurements in soil samples collected in the Republic of Srpska. Radiat Meas 43:1448–1452
• 16. Kandari MS, Ramola RC (2009) Analysis of seasonal variation of indoor radon concentration in TehriGarhwal, Northern India. Indian J Phys 83:1019–1023
• 17. Kandari T, Aswal S, Prasad M, Bourai AA, Ramola RC (2016) Estimation of annual effective dose from radon concentration along Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) in Garhwal Himalaya. J Radiat Res Appl Sci 9:228–233
• 18. Kardos R, Gregoric A, Jonas J, Vaupotic J, Kovacs T, Ishimori Y (2015) Dependence of radon emanation of soil on lithology. J. Radioanal Nucl Chem 304:1321–1327
• 19. Malczewski D, Teper L, Dorda J (2004) Assessment of natural and anthropogenic radioactivity levels in rocks and soils in the environs of Swieradow Zdroj in Sudetes, Poland, by in situ gamma-ray spectrometry. J Environ Radioact 73:233–245
• 20. OECD (1979) Organization for economic cooperation and development. Exposure to radiation from the natural radioactivity in building materials. Nuclear Energy Agency, OECD, Paris, France
• 21. Quindos LS, Fernandez PL, Soto J (1987) Building materials as source of exposure in houses. In: Seifert B, Esdorn H (eds) Indoor air, vol 87(2). Institute of water, soil and AhygienBerlip, p 365G
• 22. Ramola RC, Singh S, Virk HS (1988) Radon studies over Main Boundary Thrust near Dehradun (India). Nucl Tracks Radiat Meas 15:617–619
• 23. Ramola RC, Yadav ML, Gusain GS (2014) Distribution of natural radionuclide along Main Central Thrust in Garhwal Himalaya. J Radiat Res Appl Sci 7:614–619
• 24. Ravisankar R, Vanasundari K, Chandrasekaran A, Rajalakshmi A, Suganya M, Vijayagopal P, Meenakshisubdaram V (2012) Measurement of natural radioactivity in building materials of Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India using gamma-ray spectrometry. Appl Radiat Isot 70:699–704
• 25. Richon P, Klinger Y, Tapponnier P, Li CX, Van der Woerd J, Perrier F (2010) Measuring radon flux across active faults: relevance of excavating and possibility of satellite discharges. Radiat Meas 45(2):211–218
• 26. Righi S, Bruzzi L (2006) Natural radioactivity and radon exhalation in building materials used in Italian dwellings. J Environ Radioact 88:158–170
• 27. Santawamaitre T, Malain D, Al-sulaiti HA, Matthews M, Bradley DA, Regan PH (2011) Study of natural radioactivity in riverbank soils along the chao Phraya river basin in thailand. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 652:920–924
• 28. UNSCEAR (2000) United Nations Scientific Committee on the effects of atomic radiation. Sources, effects and risk of ionizing radiation, Report to the General Assembly, United Nations, New York
• 29. Wilson WF (1994) A guide to naturally occurring radioactive material. Pennwell Books, Tulsa
• 30. Yadav M, Rawat M, Dangwal A, Prasad M, Gusain GS, Ramola RC (2014) Levels and effects of natural radionuclides in soil samples of Garhwal Himalaya. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 302(2):869–873
• 31. Yadav M, Rawat M, Dangwal A, Prasad M, Gusain GS, Ramola RC (2015) Analysis of natural radionuclides in soil samples of Purola area of Garhwal Himalaya, India. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 167(1–3):215–218
• 32. Zarie KA, Al Mugren KS (2010) Measurement of natural radioactivity and assessment of radiation hazard in soil samples from Tayma area (KSA). Isotope Radiat Res 42(1):1–9