Ship-to-ship operations in cold climate environments

• Autorzy: Berg T. E.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Within the Norwegian maritime cluster there is a growing interest in studies of harsh weather marine operations. For the oil industry offshore loading is a preferred operation for production at minor oilfields far from existing infrastructure. Safe and cost-effective production from recent oil and gas discoveries close to the coastline of Northern Norway introduces new challenges due to cold climate environments. At the same time increased transit of oil from northwest Russia will require increased ship-toship transfer in an optimized cargo chain from the oilfields to customers in Europe and the USA.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

pollution; environment protection; Ship-to-Ship (STS) Operation; cold climate; marine navigation; safety at sea; Norwegian Coastal Administration; arctic navigation

• Wydawca: Faculty of Navigation, Gdynia Maritime University
• Czasopismo: TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
• Rocznik: 2007
• Tom: Vol. 1, no. 3
• Strony: 327--332
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 5 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Berg T. E.

• Norwegian Marine Technology Research Institute (MARINTEK), Norway

Bibliografia

• 1. Bambulyak A. & Frantzen B. 2005a. Oil transport in the Barents Region. Third International Conference on “The Oiland Gas Industry and Sustainable Development of the Barents Region”, Murmansk, Russia, 9-11. November 2005.
• 2. Bambulyak A. & Frantzen B. 2005b. Oil transport from the Russian part of the Barents Region, Svanhovd Environmental Centre, Svanhovd.
• 3. Norwegian Meteorological Institute, 2005. Increased activity in the Barents Sea - Do we know the weather conditions good enough?, met.no info, no. 14/2005, ISSN 1503-8017, Oslo.
• 4. OCIMF, 2005. Ship to Ship Transfer Guide (Petroleum), Oil Companies International Marine Forum, London.
• 5. US Coast Guard, 2006. Code of Federal Regulations, 33 CFR Part 156 Subpart C, 156.320 Maximum operating conditions,Washington. Revised June, 2006.