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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
This study was conducted to improve the construction of impermeable clothing protecting against liquid chemical agents in order to lower the thermal strain caused by the clothing during work. Previous studies indicated that light work in a hot environment in this kind of clothing could last 30 min only. We propose a modification of the construction; new models of protective clothing were tested in wear trials. Then the results were compared with a basic model of impermeable protective clothing. Results indicated that all new models of protective clothing allowed workers to work 39–64% longer than in a basic model of protective clothing. Thus new clothing significantly improved comfort of work in impermeable protective clothing because of the lower thermal strain that it imposed on the user.
Słowa kluczowe
Wydawca
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
61--73
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 27 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Department of Ergonomics, Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Warszawa, Poland
autor
- Department of Protective Clothing, Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Łódź, Poland
autor
- Department of Protective Clothing, Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Łódź, Poland
Bibliografia
- 1.Holmer I. Protective clothing and heat stress. Ergonomics. 1995;38(1):166–82.
- 2.Bartkowiak G. Dynamics of microclimate humidity under hermetic barrier clothing. Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe. 2001;4:41–5.
- 3.Mihal JD. Effect of heat stress on physiologcal factors for industrial workers performing routine work and wearing impermeable vapor-barrier clothing. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1981;42(2):97–103.
- 4.Ilmarinen R, Lindholm H, Koivistoinen K, Helistén P. Physiological evaluation of chemical protective suit system (CPSS) in hot conditions. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics (JOSE). 2004;10(3):215–26.
- 5.Holmer I, Nilsson H, Rissanen S, Hirata K, Smolander J. Quantification of heat balance during work in three types of asbestos-protective clothing. Int Arch Environ Health. 1992; 64:243–49.
- 6.Marszałek A, Smolander J, Sołtyński K. Age-related thermal strain in men while wearing radiation protective clothing during short term exercise in the heat. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics (JOSE). 2004;10(4):361–7.
- 7.Marszałek A. Physiological response during exercise in a hot environment in chemical protective clothing. In: Proceedings of the 3rd European Conference on Protective Clothing and Nokobetef 8 [CD-ROM]. Gdynia, Poland: CIOP-PIB; 2006.
- 8.Skoldstrom B, Holmer I. A protective garment for hot environments with improved evaporative heat transfer. In: Proceedings of aspects medicaux et biophysiques des vetements de protection. Lyon, France: Centre de Recherches du Service de Santé des Armées; 1984. p. 289–94.
- 9.Smolander J, Louhevaara V, Tuomi O, Korhonen O, Jaakola J. Cardiorespiratory and thermal effects of wearing gas protective clothing. Int Arch Environ Health. 1984;54:261–70.
- 10.White MK, Hodous TK. Reduced work tolerance associated with wearing protective clothing and respirators. Am Ind Assoc J. 1987;48: 304–10.
- 11.Marszałek A, Sawicka A. Impermeable protective clothing—work time must be limited. In: Niesen R, Carsten Borg C, editors. Fifth Scandinavian Symposium on Protective Clothing—proceedings. Copenhagen, Denmark: NOKOBETEF. p. 100–6.
- 12.Council Directive 89/686/EEC of 21 December 1989 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to personal protective equipment. OJ. 1989;L399:18–38. Retrieved January 5, 2009, from: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/mechan_equipment/ppe/dir89-686.htm.
- 13.European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Protective clothing against liquid chemicals—performance requirements for clothing with liquid-tight (Type 3) or spray-tight (Type 4) connections, including items providing protection to parts of the body only (Types PB [3] and PB [4]) (Standard No. EN 14605:2005). Brussels, Belgium: CEN; 2005.
- 14.European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Protective clothing for use against liquid chemicals—test method: determination of resistance to penetration by spray (spray test) (Standard No. EN 468:1994). Brussels, Belgium: CEN; 1994.
- 15.European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Protective clothing for use against liquid chemicals—test method: determination of resistance to penetration by a jet of liquid (jet test) (Standard No. EN 463:1994). Brussels, Belgium: CEN; 1994.
- 16.European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Ergonomics—evaluation of thermal strain by physiological measurements (Standard No. EN ISO 9886:2004). Brussels, Belgium: CEN; 2004.
- 17.European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Ergonomics of the thermal environment—assessment of the influence of the thermal environment using subjective judgement scales (Standard No. EN ISO 10551:2001). Brussels, Belgium: CEN; 2004.
- 18.Nielsen R, Endrusick TL. Sensations of temperature and humidity during alternative work/rest and influence of underwear knit structure. Ergonomics. 1990;33(2):221–34.
- 19.Turpin-Legendre E, Meyer JP. Comparison of physiological and subjective strain in workers wearing two different protective coveralls for asbestos abatement tasks. Appl Ergon. 2003;34:551–6.
- 20.Bartkowiak G. Właściwości biofizyczne materiałów na odzież ochronną [Biophysical properties of fabrics for protecting clothing]. Bezpieczeństwo Pracy. 1998;7–8: 17–20.
- 21.Bartkowiak G. Badania konstrukcji materiałowych z udziałem superabsorbentów pod szczelnymi ubiorami ochronnymi dla poprawy komfortu ich użytkowania [Study of fabric construction with a participation of high sorption fabrics under tight protective clothing for improving users comfort] [unpublished report]. Warszawa, Poland: Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute; 2004.
- 22.Bartkowiak G, Marszałek A. Dwustopniowy model badania właściwości biofizycznych odzieży ochronnej [Two-level model of studying biophysical properties of protective clothing]. Przegląd Włókienniczy + Technik Włókienniczy. 1999;3:9–14.
- 23.McLellan TM, Frim MA, Bell DG. Efficacy of air and liquid cooling light and heavy exercise while wearing NBC clothing. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1999;70(8):802–11.
- 24.Cadarette BS, Cheuvront SN, Kolka MA, Stephenson LA, Montain SJ, Sawka MN. Intermittent microclimate cooling during exercise-heat stress in US army chemical protective clothing. Ergonomics. 2006; 49(2):209–29.
- 25.Li Y. Perceptions of temperature, moisture and comfort in clothing during environmental transients. Ergonomics. 2005;48(3):234–48.
- 26.Aoyagi Y, McLellen TM, Shepard R. Effects of endurance training and heat acclimation on psychological strain in exercise men wearing protective clothing. Ergonomics. 1998;41(3):328–57.
- 27.Louhevara V, Ilmarinen R, Griefahn B, Künemund C, Mäkinen H. Maximal physical work performance with European standard based fire-protective clothing system and eqiupment in relation to individual characteristic. Eur J Appl Physiol. 1995;71:223–9.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
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