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Zawartość chloru w różnych punktach niecki basenowej – analiza ryzyka dla zdrowia kąpiących się
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
The pool water treatment and disinfection plant fulfills its task only if the hydraulic system cooperates with the appropriate pool basin geometry. Water flow through the pool can cause “dead” zones not involved in circulation. In these zones the degree of mixing the disinfectant with water can be different. In consequence, the effectiveness of microorganisms’ deactivation and the health effects on bathers may be different. The physicochemical results of pool water samples taken from the characteristic points of the basin were presented. Attention has been paid to the content of free chlorine and combined chlorine. The study was conducted in two indoor pools, differing in water flow system. Based on the analysis results, chlorine maps for swimming pools were prepared. It has been shown that in order to assess the health risk to bathers samples of water should be collected from representative points of the pool.
Stacja oczyszczania i dezynfekcji wody basenowej spełnia swoje zadanie pod warunkiem współpracy systemu hydraulicznego z odpowiednią geometrią niecki basenowej. Przepływ wody przez nieckę basenu może powodować powstawanie „martwych” stref niebiorących udziału w cyrkulacji. W strefach tych różny może być stopień wymieszania dezynfektanta z wodą. Tym samym różna może być skuteczność dezaktywacji mikroorganizmów i wpływ na zdrowie osób kąpiących się. Przedstawiono wyniki fizyczno-chemicznych badań próbek wody basenowej pobranych z charakterystycznych punktów niecki. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na zawartość chloru wolnego i chloru związanego. Badania przeprowadzono w dwóch krytych basenach różniących się systemem przepływu wody. Na podstawie wyników analiz sporządzono mapy chloru dla niecek basenowych. Wykazano, że do oceny ryzyka zagrożenia zdrowia osób kąpiących się próbki wody powinny być pobierane z punktów niecki basenowej uznanych za reprezentatywne.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
217--226
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 29 poz., rys., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Institute of Water and Wastewater Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, phone: +48 32 237 22 43, fax: +48 32 237 10 47
- Instytut Inżynierii Wody i Ścieków Politechnika Śląska, Gliwice
autor
- Institute of Water and Wastewater Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, phone: +48 32 237 22 43, fax: +48 32 237 10 47
- Instytut Inżynierii Wody i Ścieków Politechnika Śląska, Gliwice
autor
- Institute of Water and Wastewater Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, phone: +48 32 237 22 43, fax: +48 32 237 10 47
- Instytut Inżynierii Wody i Ścieków Politechnika Śląska, Gliwice
Bibliografia
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- [2] Rozporządzenie Ministra Zdrowia z dn. 9 listopada 2015 r. w sprawie wymagań jakim powinna odpowiadać woda na pływalniach, Dz.U. 2015, poz. 2016. (Polish Ordinance of the Minister of Health of 9 November 2015: On the requirements that should be met by swimming pool water) http://isap.sejm.gov.pl/DetailsServlet?id=WDU20150002016.
- [3] Guidelines for Safe Recreational Water Environments. Volume 2: Swimming Pools and Similar. WHO, Geneva, 2006. http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/bathing/srwe2full.pdf.
- [4] Teo TLL, Coleman HM, Khan SJ. Chemical contaminants in swimming pools: Occurrence, implications and control. Environ Int. 2015;76:16-31. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.11.012.
- [5] Chowdhury S, Al-hooshani K, Karanfil T. Disinfection byproducts in swimming pool: Occurrences, implications and future needs. Water Res. 2014;53:68-109. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.01.017.
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- [13] Kogevinas M, Villanueva CM, Font-Ribera L, Liviac D, Bustamante M, Espinoza F, et al. Genotoxic Effects in Swimmers Exposed to Disinfection By-products in Indoor Swimming Pools. Environ Health Perspect. 2010;118:1531-1537. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1001959.
- [14] Villanueva CM, Font-Ribera L. Health impact of disinfection by-products in swimming pools. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2012;48:387-396. DOI: DOI: 10.4415/ANN_12_04_06.
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- [17] Gomà A, de Lluis R, Roca-Ferrer J, Lafuente J, Picado C. Respiratory, ocular and skin health in recreational and competitive swimmers: Beneficial effect of a new method to reduce chlorine oxidant derivatives. Environ Res. 2017;152:315-321. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.10.030.
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- [22] Jacobs JH, Spaan S, van Rooy GBGJ, Meliefste C, Zaat VAC, Rooyackers JM, et al. Exposure to trichloramine and respiratory symptoms in indoor swimming pool workers. Eur Respir J. 2007;29:690-698. DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00024706.
- [23] Thickett KM, McCoach JS, Gerber JM, Sadhra S, Burge PS. Occupational asthma caused by chloramines in indoor swimming-pool air. Eur Respir J. 2002;19:827-832. DOI: 10.1183/09031936.02.00232802.
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- [26] Tardif R, Rodriguez M, Catto C, Charest-Tardif G, Simard S. Concentrations of disinfection by-products in swimming pool following modifications of the water treatment process: An exploratory study. J Environ Sci. 2017;58:163-172. DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.05.021.
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Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-b62ffa1f-9e62-4d16-9b0f-7b6183f4ee69