Tytuł artykułu
Autorzy
Treść / Zawartość
Pełne teksty:
Identyfikatory
DOI
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Europe ’s dependence on foreign-sourced critical raw materials poses a significant threat to its strategic autonomy and competitiveness. In this paper, we examine the historical significance of mining in Europe, the current geopolitical complexities surrounding critical raw materials supply, and recent EU policy initiatives aimed at bolstering domestic critical raw materials production and processing and building resilient supply chains. We highlight the crucial role of National Geological Survey Organisations in delivering knowledge of Europe’s critical raw materials potential, as well as contributing to international partnerships through technical engagement and geoscientific diplomacy. National Geological Survey Organisations collect and compile data on mineral resources, often serving as a primary resource for national and regional decision-making. This work is now crucial at EU level, with National Geological Survey Organisations mandated under the EU Critical Raw Materials Act to deliver National Exploration Programs to promote exploration investment through technical de-risking, and to coordinate efforts and geoscientific data and knowledge management at pan-European level. The National Geological Survey Organisations already share knowledge and best practices on European mineral resources through EuroGeoSurveys. Future efforts to secure European critical raw materials resilience will be served through their shared vision of a Geological Service for Europe.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
215--228
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 48 poz., fot.
Twórcy
autor
- EuroGeoSurveys, ETP SMR, Rue Joseph II 36-38, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
autor
- Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minieres, 3 av. Claude-Guillemin, 45060 Orleans, France
autor
- Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minieres, 3 av. Claude-Guillemin, 45060 Orleans, France
autor
- EuroGeoSurveys, ETP SMR, Rue Joseph II 36-38, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
autor
- Mineral Resources and Geophysics Research Unit, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Estrada da Portela, Bairro do Zambujal - Alfragide, Portugal
autor
- Geological Survey of Slovenia, Dimičeva 14, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Mineral Resources Expert Group, EuroGeoSurveys, Rue Joseph II, 36-38, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
autor
- Geological Survey of Slovenia, Dimičeva 14, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
autor
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, 0ster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark
Bibliografia
- 1. ASMUS B., 2012 - Medieval Copper Smelting in the Harz Mountains, Germany. Deutsches Bergbaumuseum Bochum.
- 2. BERTRAND G., CASSARD D., ARVANITIDIS N., STANLEY G., EUROGEOSURVEYS MINERAL RESOURCES EXPERT GROUP, 2016 - Map of critical raw material deposits in Europe. Energy Procedia, 97: 44-50.
- 3. BERTRAND G., SADEGHI M., ARVANITIDIS N., DE OLIVEIRA D., GAUTNEB H., GLOAGUEN E., TÖRMÄNEN T., REGINIUSSEN H., DECREE S., PEREIRA A., QUENTAL L. 2021 - Prospectivity maps of critical raw materials in Europe. GeoERA FRAME project deliverable D3.5.
- 4. BURNHAM B.C. 1997 - Roman mining at Dolaucothi: the implications of the 1991-3 excavations near the Carreg Pumsaint. Britannia, 28: 325336; https://doi.org/10.2307/526771
- 5. CASSARD D., BERTRAND G., BILLA M., SERRANO J.J., TOUR- LIERE B., ANGEL J.M., GAÁL G. 2015 - ProMine mineral databases: new tools to assess primary and secondary mineral resources in Europe. [In:] Weihed P. (ed.), 3D, 4D and Predictive Modelling of Major Mineral Belts in Europe. Mineral Resource Reviews; https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3- 319-17428-0_2
- 6. CIUGUDEAN H.I. 2012 - Ancient gold mining in Transylvania: the Rosia Montana-Bucium area. Caiete ARA, 3: 101-113.
- 7. DAREEN S. 2024 - Antimony prices gear up for new records on China export curbs. Reuters; https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/ antimony-prices-gear-up-new-records-china-export-curbs-2024-08-15/ [Accessed: 28-11-2024]
- 8. DOBNIKAR M., MILETIĆ S., ROKAVEC D., WITTENBERG A., HOKKA J., LESKELA T., JOHANSSON M., HAMISHI J., PFLEIDERER S., HORVÁTH Z., GABRIEL Z., BIDE T., DEADY E., ASLAKSEN AASLY K. 2023 - EU ICE SRM Organisational Scheme, Business Plan, Working Plan and Partner & Expert Register - v1; https://www.geologicalservice.eu/upload/content/1690/gseu_d2-3_eu_ice_srm_v1.pdf
- 9. EUROGEOSURVEYS, 2025 (in prep) - EuroGeoSurveys Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda: a Geological Service for Europe.
- 10. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2007 - Directive 2007/ 2/ EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 March 2007: Establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE).
- 11. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2011 - Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: Tackling the Challenges in Commodity Markets and on Raw Materials. COM(2011) 25 final, Brussels, 2.2.2011.
- 12. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2014 - Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: On the review of the list of critical raw materials for the EU and the implementation of the Raw Materials Initiative. COM(2014) 297 final, Brussels, 26.5.2014.
- 13. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2017 - Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on the 2017 list of Critical Raw Materials for the EU. COM(2017) 490 final, Brussels, 13.9.2017.
- 14. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2019 - Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions The European Green Deal, COM (2019) 640, final, Brussels, 11.12.2019
- 15. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2023 - Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council Establishing a Framework for Ensuring a Secure and Sustainable Supply of Critical Raw Materials and Amending Regulations (EU) 168/2013, (EU) 2018/858, 2018/1724 and (EU) 2019/1020. https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_1661 (2023).
- 16. EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENT AGENCY, 2024 - Europe’s state of water, 2024 - The need for improved water resilience. EEA Report 07/2024. GSI, 2021 - Tellus at 10; Celebrating 10 years of Tellus in Geological Survey of Ireland. [https://www.gsi.ie/en-ie/events-and-news/news/ Pages/Tellus-at-10. aspx]
- 17. HAIDER S.A., 2023 - The Ethical Dilemma of Green Economy: Examining the Human and Environmental Costs of Cobalt Mining in DRC. Global Journal of Human Science: B Geography, Geo-Sciences, Environmental Science and Disaster Management, 23/2. Online
- 18. HALLETT D. 2003 - The Wieliczka salt mine. Geology Today, 18/5: 182-185; https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0266-6979.2003.00365.x
- 19. HARPER G.D.J. 2023 - China’s gallium and germanium controls: what they mean and what could happen next; https://theconversation.com/ chinas-gallium-and-germanium-controls-what-they-mean-and-what-could-happen-next-209156
- 20. HOLLIS J.A., BETTS P., TIDDY C., BURRIDGE G. 2024 - A global geoscientific skills gap is threatening a sustainable future. [In:] Peppoloni S., Di Capua G., (eds.), Geoethics for the Future. Elsevier: 339-358.
- 21. HOOL A., HELBIG C., WIERINK G., 2024 - Challenges and opportunities of the European Critical Raw Materials Act. Mineral Economics, 37, 661-668; https://doi.org/10.1007/s13563-023-00394-y
- 22. HORVÁTH Z., POLONKAI B., MÁTHÉ A., BÁLINT A., SORÉS L., ASLAKSEN AASLY K., KNEŽEVIĆ SOLBERG J., NIDE T., HOKKA J., EILU P., ELORANTA T., LESKELÄ T., AATOS S., DOBNI- KAR M., MILETIĆ S., ROKAVEC D., PFLEIDERER S., JOHANSSON M., LUNDQVIST L., HAMISHI J., INGVALD E. 2023 - Report on methodology and guidance for EU-level data harmonization with UNFC; https://www.geologicalservice.eu/upload/content/1689/gseu_d2-1_unfc_1st_report.pdf
- 23. HRUBY P. 2024 - Silver mining in the Kingdom of Bohemia (13th-14th Centuries). East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 4501450. Brill Publisher.
- 24. IEA, 2024 - Global EV Outlook 2024, IEA, Paris; https://www.iea.org/ reports/global-ev-outlook-2024
- 25. IMAHASHI R. 2021 - Manufacturers rue dependence on China for supplies of magnesium. Market Spotlight; https://asia.nikkei.com/Spot-light/Market-Spotlight/Manufacturers-rue-dependence-on-China-for- supplies-of-magnesium
- 26. JONES G.D.B. 1980 - The Roman mines at Riotinto. The Journal of Roman Studies, 70: 146-165; https://doi.org/10.2307/299560
- 27. JORGENSEN L.F., WITTENBERG A., DEADY E., KUMELJ S., TULSTRUP J. 2023 - European mineral intelligence - collecting, harmonizing and sharing data on European raw materials. [In:] Smelror M., Hanghoj K., Schiellerup H. (eds.), The Green Stone Age: Exploration and Exploitation of Minerals for Green Technologies. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 526: 51-67.
- 28. JOVANOVIĆ B. 1978 - The oldest copper metallurgy in the Balkans. A study of the diffusion of copper from Asia Minor to Southeastern Europe. Expedition Magazine, 21/1: 9-17.
- 29. JOVANOVIĆ B. 1980 - The origins of cooper mining in Europe. Scientific American, 242/5: 152-167.
- 30. KONNUNAHO J., EILU P., KARINEN T., RANTA J-P., RASILAINEN K., NYKÄNEN V., POKKI J., DEHAINE Q. 2023 - A mining industry overview of cobalt in Finland: exploration, deposits and utilization. Geoenergy, 1; https://doi.org/10.1144/geoenergy2023-016
- 31. LIANG A., MARSH N. 2023 - Gallium and germanium: What China’s new move in microchip war means for world. London: BBC News; https://www.bbc.com/news/business-66118831
- 32. MUHLY J.D. 1973 - Tin trade routes of the Bronze Age. American Scientist, 61/4: 404-413.
- 33. MYKHAILOV V., MALYUK B., BOVSUNIVSKYI P., KOVALENKO N., BERTRAND G., DE OLIVEIRA D., WITTENBERG A., WELLMER F.-W., HORVÁTH Z., HOLLIS J. 2023 - Strategic minerals of the Ukraine and their investment attractiveness; BRGM, BRGM Orleans, France, 2023.
- 34. NORONHA F., RAMOS J.M.F. 1993 - Primary gold mineralisations and northern Portugal, Some reflections. Cuadernos Laboratório Xeolóxico de Laxe, Coruňa, 18: 133-146.
- 35. PANAGOS P., MONTANARELLA L., BARBERO M., SCHNEEGANS A., AGUGLIA L., JONES A. 2022 - Soil Priorities in the European Union. Geoderma Regional, 29, e00510.
- 36. PERNICKA E., LUTZ J., STÖLLNER T. 2016 - Bronze age copper produced at Mitterberg, Austria, and its distribution. Archaeologica Austriaca, 100: 19-55.
- 37. REICHL C., SCHATZ M. 2024 - World Mining Data 2024. Minerals Production, 39, Federal Ministry Republic of Austria, Finance, Vienna.
- 38. S&P GLOBAL, 2024 - World Exploration Trends 2024. S&P Global Market Intelligence. PDAC Special Edition, March 2024.
- 39. SADEGHI M., BERTRAND G., ARVANITIDIS N., DE OLIVEIRA D., GAUTNEB H., GLOAGUEN E., TÖRMÄNEN T., REGINIUSSEN H., DECREE S., PEREIRA A., QUENTAL L., LYNCH E., MCGRATH E., DELGADO ARENAS P., TIMON SANCHEZ S.M., TERAN K., MUNTEANU M., HORVATH Z., JONSSON E., SALGUEIRO R., TÖRÖK K., KOVACS G., VIGH C., GONZALEZ J., MARINO E., SOMOZA L., MEDIALDEA T., BLASCO I., KUHN T., FERREIRA P., MAGALHAES V., MALYUK B. 2020 - Producing a predictivity map outlining the CRM exploration potential areas and the major prospective mineral belts. GeoERA FRAME project deliverable D3.3.
- 40. SZAMAŁEK K., SZUFLICKI M., MIZERSKI W. eds., 2020 - Bilans perspektywicznych zasobów Polski, wg stanu na 31.12.2018 r. (in Polish). Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny - PIB, Warszawa.
- 41. THEODOSOPOULOS V., 2020 - The Geopolitics of Supply: towards a new EU approach to the security of supply of critical raw materials? Institute for European Studies Policy brief n° 2020/05; https://www.brussels-school.be/sites/default/files/IES-PB-The-Geopolitics-of- Supply_0.pdf.
- 42. UNITED NATIONS, 2015a - Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable development A/RES/70/1; https://sdgs.un.org/sites/default/ files/publications/21252030%20Agenda%20for%20Sustainable%20 Development%20web.pdf
- 43. UNITED NATIONS, 2015b - Paris agreement; https://unfccc.int/files/ essential_background/convention/application/pdf/english_paris_ greement.pdf
- 44. UNECE, 2020 - United Nations Framework Classification for Resources, Update 2019, ECE ENERGY SERIES No. 61; https://unece.org/sites/default/files/2023-10/UNFC_ES61_Update_2019.pdf
- 45. WAGNER H., FETTWEIS G.B.L. 2001 - About science and technology in the field of mining in the Western world at the beginning of the new century. Resource Policy.
- 46. WILLIAMS R.A., LE CARLIER DE VESLUD C. 2019 - Boom and bust in Bronze Age Britain: major copper production from the Great Orme mine and European trade, c. 1600-1400 BC. Antiquity, 93/371: 1178-1196; https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2019.130.
- 47. WITTENBERG A., DE OLIVEIRA D., JORGENSEN L.F., GONZALEZ F.J., HELDAL T., AASLY K.A., DEADY E., KUMELJ S., SIEV- ERS H., HORVATH Z., MCGRATH E. 2022 - GeoERA Raw Materials Monograph - the past and the future, GeoERA, Hannover, Germany.
- 48. WITTENBERG A., DE OLIVEIRA D., BIDE T., HOLLIS J., NIRGI S., ŽIBRET G., GAUTNEB H., SADEGHI M., NAVARRO DOMÍNGUEZ R., MALYUK B. 2024 - Europe’s Raw materials supply chain: frontend considerations.[In:] Bányai Á. (ed.), Supply Chain - Perspectives and Applications. IntechOpen; https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen. 113793.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr POPUL/SP/0154/2024/02 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki II" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki (2025).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-b4d4c8a6-1ba7-4f13-820c-47c582ad209b
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.