Research of Emission of Commercial Binders Used in ALPHASET Technology - Estimated Quantitative Analysis

• Autorzy: Roczniak A. , Holtzer M. , Kmita A.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/118821

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The results of investigations of three commercial binders applied in the Alphaset technology marked as: Sample E , Sample T and Sample S are presented in the hereby paper. These samples were subjected to the pyrolysis process at a temperature of 900°C (inert atmosphere, He 99.9999). The gas chromatograph coupled with the mass spectrometer and pyrolizer (Py-GC/MS) were used in the study. The identification of gases emitted during the thermal decomposition was performed on the basis of the mass spectral library. The obtained results indicate a certain diversification of emitted gases. Among the pyrolysis products the following harmful substances were identified: furfuryl alcohol, formaldehyde, phenol and also substances from the BTEX (benzene, toluene and ethylobezneze and xylenes) PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) and VOC groups (Volatile Organic Compounds). Therefore, from the environment protection point of view performing systematic investigations concerning the harmfulness of binders applied in the moulding and core sands technology, is essential.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

environment protection; foundry engineering; ALPHASET technology; Py-GC/MS; BTEX emission

PL

ochrona środowiska; inżynieria odlewnicza; technologia ALPHASET; Py-GC/MS; emisja BTEX

• Wydawca: Komisja Odlewnictwa Polskiej Akademii Nauk Oddział w Katowicach
• Czasopismo: Archives of Foundry Engineering
• Rocznik: 2018
• Tom: Vol. 18, iss. 1
• Strony: 109--114
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 17 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Roczniak A.

• AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Cracow, Poland

autor

Holtzer M.

• AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Cracow, Poland

autor

Kmita A.

• AGH University of Science and Technology Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, Cracow, Poland

Bibliografia

• [1] 50 th Cencus of World Casting Production. Modern Casting, December, 2016, pp. 26-31.
• [2] Zhang H., Zhao, H., Zheng, K., Li, X., Liu, G. & Wang, Y. (2014). Diminishing hahazardous air pollutant emission from pyrolysis of furan no-bace using methane sulphonic acid as a binder catalyst. Journal of Thermal Analysis Calorimetry. 116, 373-381.
• [3] Trinowski, D.M. (2016). Comparing moulding and core trends in the U.S. and EU casting industries. Huttenes- Albertus Chemische Werke GmbH, pp.1–13.
• [4] Stevenson, M. (1985). Experiences of Reclaiming ALPHASET® Bonded Sand. SCRATA Annual Conference.
• [5] Kmita, A., Fischer, C., Hodor, K., Holtzer, M. & Roczniak, A. (2016). Thermal decomposition of foundry resins: A determination of organic products by thermogravimetry – gas chromatography– mass spectrometry (TG–GC–MS). Arabian Journal of Chemistry.
• [6] Brace, R., Stuart, W., Burian, A. & Novotný J. (1999). Výroba forem a jaderdo samotvrdnoucích směsí s pojivovým systémem AlpHaset. Slévárenství.
• [7] Fošum, J. (1997). Samotvrdnoucí směsi a alkalickými pryskyřicemi a estery. Slevárenství.
• [8] Huang, R., Zhang, B. & Tang, Y. (2016). Application conditions for ester cured alkaline phenolic resin sand. China Foundry, 13(4), 231-237.
• [9] Holtzer, M., Dańko, R., Dańko, J., Kubecki, M., Żymankowska-Kumon, S., Bobrowski, A., Spiewok, W. (2013). The assesment of harmfulness of binding materials used for a new generation of core and moulding sands. (collective work). Cracow: Scientific Publishing AKAPIT (in Polish).
• [10] Collective work under the editor Mariusz Holtzer. (2015). Influence of the addition of the reclaimed sand on the quality of castings and harmfulness of the new generation core and moulding sands. Cracow: Scientific Publishing AKAPIT (in Polish).
• [11] Assessment of the harmfulness of materials used in foundry heat-treated in order to reduce pollution and improve working conditions. The project NCBiR No. 07-016-10/2010. (1.10.2010−31.03.2013). Project manager: M. Holtzer. (in Polish).
• [12] Huang, R., Wang, Y. & Zhang, B. (2014). Study on curnig mechanism of alkaline phenolic resin by OE. China Foundry. 11(5), 445-451.
• [13] Pizzil, A. & Stephanou, A. (1994). Completion of alkaline cure acceleration of phenol-formaldehyde resins acceleration by organic anhydrides. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 51, 1351-1352.
• [14] Dungan, R. & Reeves, R.S.J.B. (2005). Pyrolysis of foundry sand resins: a determination of organic products by mass spectrometry. Journal of Environmental Science and Health. 40, 1557-1567.
• [15] Phillips, O., Schwartz, J.M. & Kohl, P.A. (2016). Thermal decomposition of poly(propylene carbonate): End-capping additives, and solvent effects. Polymer Degradation and Stability. 125, 129-139.
• [16] Gryta, M., Majchrzak, J., Kałędowski, B. & Szemień, M. (1996). Phenol formaldehyde resin modified with melanin and urea. Przemysł chemiczny. 13(1), 12-14. (in Polish).
• [17] Spectrum library MS NIST MS Search 2.0 Libera Chemm. SW, Version 2.0, Fairfield, CA, US.

Uwagi

PL

Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2018)