Investigation of reduction of magnetite based carbon composite pellets under semi-fusion conditions

• Autorzy: Benkli Y. E. , Boyrazli M. , Senoz G. M. L. , Cizmecioglu Z.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5277/ppmp1853

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

In this study, carbon composite pellets were exposed to a reduction test under low temperature and semi-fusion conditions in which iron was melted without a solid form of slag deteriorated. The purpose of the reduction experiments under the semi-fusion condition was to produce an iron nugget which had physical and chemical properties similar to blast furnace pig iron at lower temperatures. These nuggets were produced from pellets that were made from a mixture of iron oxide, coke, flux, and a binder. These nuggets heated in a furnace with a chamber temperature of 1330 °C. The produced dried carbon composite pellets were melted and carbureted in a single-stage process. In this study, three distinct products were produced as a function of furnace residence time at fixed furnace temperature (1330 °C). These products were direct reduced iron (DRI), transition direct reduced iron (TDRI), and iron nuggets produced at residence times 8-24, 32-40 min, and 48 min, respectively. The iron nugget produced had a high apparent density (6.903 g/cm3), high micro hardness values (328 HV), high iron content (92.7% Fe), and was similar to blast furnace pig iron.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

iron ore; pelletizing; cold bonded composite pellet; iron nugget

• Wydawca: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
• Czasopismo: Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
• Rocznik: 2018
• Tom: Vol. 54, iss. 3
• Strony: 621--628
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 24 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Benkli Y. E.

• Ataturk University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey

autor

Boyrazli M.

• Firat University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 23119, Elazıg, Turkey

autor

Senoz G. M. L.

• Ataturk University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey

autor

Cizmecioglu Z.

• Istanbul Commerce University, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Department of Jewelry Engineering, 34210, Istanbul, Turkey

Bibliografia

• ANAMERIC B., KAWATRA S.K., 2004. A laboratory study relating to the production and properties of pig iron nuggets, SME Annual Meeting. Preprints, 645-648.
• ANAMERIC B., KAWATRA S.K., RUNDMAN K.B., 2005. Carburization effects on the pig iron nugget production. Annual SME Meeting, Metallurgical Process Fundamentals: Pyrometallurgical Processing Session.
• ASTM B 311-93, 2002. Density determination for power metallurgy (P/M) materials containing less than two percent porosity. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 02.05 (Nonferrous Metal Products, Metallic and Inorganic Coatings, Metal Powders, Sintered P/M Structural Parts), 86-89.
• ASTM E 3, 2001. Standard guide for preparation of metallographic specimens. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 03.01 (Metals Test Methods and Analytical Procedures, Metals, Mechanical testing, elevated and Low-temperature Tests, Metallography), 1-11.
• ASTM E 92-82, 1997. Standard test method for Vickers Hardness of metallic materials. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 03.01 (Metals Test Methods and Analytical Procedures, Metals, Mechanical Testing, Elevated and Low-temperature Tests, Metallography), 229-237.
• ASTM E 384, 1999. Standard test method for microindentation hardness of materials. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 03.01 (Metals Test Methods and Analytical Procedures, Metals, Mechanical Testing, Elevated and Low-temperature Tests, Metallography), 418-427.
• ASTM E 407, 1999. Standard practice for microetching metals and alloys. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 03.01 (Metals Test Methods and Analytical Procedures, Metals, Mechanical Testing, Elevated and Low-temperature Tests, Metallography), 474-49.
• HALDER S., FRUEHAN R.J., 2008. Reduction of iron-oxide-carbon composites: part I. Estimation of the rate constants. Metall. Mater., 39 (B), 784-795. HAN H., DUAN D., CHEN S., YUAN P., 2015. Mechanism and influencing factors of iron nuggets forming in rotary hearth furnace process at lower temperature. Metall. Mater., 46 (5), 2208–2217.
• KAWATRA S.K., ANAMERIC B., EISELE T.C., 2005. Single-step ironmaking from ore to improve energy efficiency. Final Technical Report
• KOBE STEEL, 2007. Kobe steel, Steel dynamics launch first ITmk3 project, plan to construct commercial iron making plant in Minnesota. Tokyo, Kobe Steel Ltd. (http://www.kobelco.co.jp/english/releases/2007/1179207 _14779.html).
• KRAUSS G., 1990. Microstructures, processing and properties of steels. Metals Handbook, Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High Performance Alloys, ASTM International, 10th edition, 1, 126-132.
• LOGINOV V. I., BERIN A. L, SOLOMATIN S. M., 1977. Effect of mixing burden with coke on blast furnace fluid mechanics and operation parameters. Stal, 5, 391–394.
• LANKFORD W.T., SAMWAYS N.L., CRAVEN R.F., MCGANNON H.E., 1985. The making, shaping and treating of steel. United States Steel, 10th edition.
• MOUSA E.A., SENK D., BABICH A., and GUDENAU H.W., 2010. Influence of nut coke on iron ore sinter reducibility under simulated blast furnace conditions. Ironmak. Steelmak., 37, 219–228.
• MAZURAK R.E., 2003, Ironmaking industry trends and directions. Min. Eng., 55 (4), 12-17.
• NEGAMI T., 2001. ITmk3– Premium ironmaking process for the new millennium. Direct from Midrex, 1, 7-9.
• PEACEY J.G., DAVENPORT W.G., 1979. The Blast Furnace Theory and Practice, Theory and Practice. Pergamon Press, 1st edition, ISBN: 9781483146782.
• PISHNOGRAEV S.N., CHEVYCHELOV A.V., GOSTENIN V.A., SHTAFIENKO N.S., AND GRİDASOV V.P., 2009. Using coke fines in the blast furnaces at OAO MMK. Steel Transl., 39, 878–881.
• SEKI K, TANAKA K.S., 2008. Changes in Paradigm Development Of Iron & Steel Industry By Applying Coal Based Dr Processes: Fastmelt & ITmk3. TIB Journal Articles, 37 (4), 4–8
• SMITH W.F., 1993. Structure and Properties of Engineering Alloys. McGraw-Hill Materials Science and Engineering Series, 2nd Edition,82, 1-41.
• STEFFEN R., LUNGEN H.B., 2004. State of the art technology of direct and smelting reduction of iron ores. La Revue de Metallurgie, 171-182.
• TANAKA H, MIYAGAWA K, HARADA T, 2008. Fastmet, Fastmelt and ITmk3, Development of New Coal-based Ironmaking Processes. RHF Technologies, (https://www.midrex.com/assets/user/media/FASTMET_ FASTMELT_ITmk3.pdf).
• TSUGE O., KIKUCHI S., TOKUDA K., ITO S., KOBAYASHI I., URAGAMI A., 2002. Successful iron nuggets production at ITmk3 pilot plant. 61st Ironmaking Conference Proceedings. 61, 10-13.
• YANG Z., YANG J., 1995. Effect of coke-ore mixed charging on reduction and gas flow characteristics in the softening-melting zone. Ironmak. Steelmak., 22, 191–195.