W ielopierścieniowe węglowodory aromatyczne (substancje smołowe rozpuszczalne w cykloheksanie). Dokumentacja proponowanych wartości dopuszczalnych poziomów narażenia zawodowego

Sapota, A.

Artykuł - szczegóły

Tytuł artykułu

W ielopierścieniowe węglowodory aromatyczne (substancje smołowe rozpuszczalne w cykloheksanie). Dokumentacja proponowanych wartości dopuszczalnych poziomów narażenia zawodowego

Autorzy

Sapota A.

Wybrane pełne teksty z tego czasopisma

www.ciop.pl/pimosp_teksty

Identyfikatory

Warianty tytułu

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Języki publikacji

Abstrakty

W latach 1980 i 1984 eksperci z EPA za decydujący dla ustalenia wielkości ryzyka nowotworowego w odniesieniu do WWA uznali podział tych związków na rakotwórcze i nierakotwórcze. Podjęto próbę zastosowania do całej klasy WWA wartości SF wyznaczonego dla benzo(a)pirenu. W przeszłości podobny sposób postępowania przyjęto w celu obliczenia ryzyka związanego z narażeniem na PCDD i PCDF. W koncepcji tej założono, że B(a)P jest związkiem wzorcowym, a siła działania rakotwórczego (nazwana względnym współczynnikiem kancerogenności - WWK) innych związków obliczana jest w stosunku do B(a)P. Wartość WWK równa 0 oznacza brak aktywności rakotwórczej związku. Rozwinięcie tej koncepcji i zastosowanie odpowiedniego modelu matematycznego do obliczenia WWK na podstawie dostępnych wyników badań przeprowadzili Nisbet i LaGoy (1992). Tylko dibenzo(a,h)antracen ma wartość WWK większą od jedności. Wartości WWK dla 4 związków rakotwórczych z grupy WWA wynosiły 0,1; dla trzech innych 0,01; WWK dla pozostałych związków wynosi 0,001. Nisbet i LaGoy analizując wyniki badań Pfeiffera (1977) zastosowali wyznaczone przez siebie wartości WWK do obliczenia oczekiwanej liczby przypadków nowotworów. Stwierdzili, że szczególnie w zakresie niskich dawek liczba oczekiwanych przypadków nowotworów była zgodna z tymi, jakie uzyskano w warunkach doświad¬czalnych. Liczne badania epidemiologiczne wykonane u pracowników narażonych na wielopierścieniowe węglowodory aromatyczne (WWA), w tym również benzo(a)piren, wykazały wyraźną zależność między narażeniem na te mieszaniny i wzrostem ryzyka powstawania nowotworów. W środowisku pracy WWA występują w powietrzu w postaci par lub aerozoli. Znajdujące się w powietrzu WWA najczęściej osadzone są na pyle.

In the years 1980-1984 to establish the scale of neoplastic risk in relation to PAH, EPA experts acknowledged division of these compounds into carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic. An attempt has been undertaken to apply B(a)P determined for SF value for the whole PAH class. In the past, similar way of procedure was accepted in order to calculate the risk connected with exposure to PCDD and PCDF. In this conception, it was assumed that B(a)P is a model compound and the force of carcinogenic activity (called carcinogenity relative coefficient - CRC) of other compounds is calculated in relation to B(a)P. CRC value = 0 stands for the lack of carcinogenic activity of the compound. Nisbet and LaGoy (1992) developed this conception and applied an adequate mathematical model for CRC calculation on the basis of available results of investigations. Only dibenzo(a,h)antracen has CRC value > 1. CRC value for four carcinogenic compounds from PAH group is 0,1; for other three 0,01 and for the remaining compounds 0,001. Nisbet and LaGoy, analysing Pfeiffer’s (1977) results of investigations, applied determined by themselves CRC values to calculate expected number of neoplastic cases. They stated that particularly in the range of low doses, the number of expected neoplastic cases was in accor¬dance with those obtained in experimental conditions. Numerous epidemiologic investigations performed in employees exposed to polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including benzo(a)pyrene showed distinct dependence between exposure to these mixtures and increase of the risk of neoplasms development. In work envi- ronment PAHs are found in the air in the form of vapours or aerosols and are most frequently deposited on dust particles. nte-

Słowa kluczowe

węglowodory aromatyczne cykloheksan narażenie zawodowe

aromatic hydrocarbons cyclohexane occupational exposure

Wydawca

Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Czasopismo

Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy

Rocznik

2002

Tom

Nr 2 (32)

Strony

179--208

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 113 poz., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Sapota A.

Akademia Medyczna 90-419 Łódź al. T. Kościuszki 4

Bibliografia

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