Identification of Groundwater Quality by Statistical Methods and a Mathematical Method in the Khemisset–Tiflet Region

• Autorzy: Zahra Elassassi , Ihsane Ougrad , Jihan Faouzi , Abdeslam Abid , Amal Saad , Fouzia Nhari , Mohmed Fadli , Abdelaziz Chaouch

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12912/27197050/150365

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Groundwater is one of the most important natural resources that is overexploited and extensively polluted by human activity. Furthermore, drinking this dirty water might have major consequences for human health. Before using groundwater, it is consequently required to conduct a precise and regular assessment of its quality. Furthermore, for five monitoring stations in the Khemisset-Tiflet region, cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and a fuzzy logic technique were utilized to analyze water quality. The CA classified the sample sites into three categories. The PCA identified temporal characteristics of water quality status. Group I include stations characterized by high temperature and low DO, COD, and BOD5 values. Group II includes stations characterized by high values of pH and low concentrations of NO₃^-, Cl^-, SO₄^2- and turbidity. Group III includes stations characterized by high concentrations of NO₃^-, Cl^-, SO₄^2- and turbidity and low concentrations of pH. In addition, fuzzy logic to reveal more information about groundwater quality. In effect, water quality in spring and winter was the best; the parameters responsible for the deterioration of water quality are NO₃^-, Cl^-, SO₄^2- and turbidity.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

principal component analysis; cluster analysis; fuzzy logic approach; groundwater quality; Khemisset-Tiflet region

• Wydawca: Lubelski Oddział Polskiego Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej ; Lublin University of Technology ; WNGB Wydawnictwo Naukowe
• Czasopismo: Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: Vol. 23, iss. 4
• Strony: 115--124
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 11 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Zahra Elassassi

• Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ibn-Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2889-4494

autor

Ihsane Ougrad

• Laboratory of Animal and Plant Production and Agro-industry, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5121-6803

autor

Jihan Faouzi

• Engineering Laboratory of Organometallic, Molecular Materials and Environment (LIMOME), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8945-509X

autor

Abdeslam Abid

• Research Laboratory in Applied and Marine Geosciences, Geotechnics and Geohazards, Faculty of Sciences of Tetouan, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Avenue Khenifra, Tétouan 93000, Marocco

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1679-5309

autor

Amal Saad

• Laboratory of Animal and Plant Production and Agro-industry, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1069-3747

autor

Fouzia Nhari

• Centre Oriental des Sciences et Techniques de l’Eau, Oujda, Marocco

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8557-8623

autor

Mohmed Fadli

• Laboratory of Animal and Plant Production and Agro-industry, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9077-4779

autor

Abdelaziz Chaouch

• Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ibn-Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3727-4980

Bibliografia

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