Fatigue Properties of Polyurethane Foams, with Special Emphasis on Auxetic Foams, Used for Helicopter Pilot Seat Cushion Inserts

• Autorzy: Lisiecki J. , Nowakowski D. , Reymer P.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.1515/fas-2014-0006

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Seat cushion inserts in military helicopters crew seats, as suggested by the helicopters manufacturers, are made of traditional polyurethane foams. Elastic polyurethane auxetic foams are materials that exhibit different utility properties compared to traditionally used polyurethane foams, such as polyether or polystyrene foams. All the differences result from the primary physical property of elastic polyurethane auxetic foams which is a negative Poisson’s ratio. Auxetic materials are characterized by better utility properties than conventional foam materials – they can potentially increase safety in the event of a crash and offer higher comfort during regular use. Application of auxetic materials as seat cushion inserts would also decrease harmful health effects of vibrations. This paper presents the results of the fatigue tests carried out on different foam samples by pressing an indenter into the foams' surface that was much larger than the indenter’s surface. A maximum value of the load used during the test was within a defined range in every fatigue cycle. In order to test 150x150x50 mm foam samples a special indenter was designed and manufactured according to the PN-EN ISO 3385 and PN-EN ISO 2439 standards. The indenter’s dimensions were consistent with the standards in relation to the tested foams' size. The fatigue tests of both conventional and auxetic foams were carried out according to the above given standards by applying 80,000 load cycles at 70 cycle/min frequency. Tests of viscoelastic foam and multilayer foam specimens, for which the upper layer was made of viscoelastic foam, were carried out according to the ASTM D 3574 standard applying 12 ,000 load cycles at 10 cycle/min frequency. All the tests were carried out using the MTS 370.10 strength testing machine. Changes in thickness and density were determined throughout the tests. Moreover, the influence of the volumetric compression ratio on the fatigue properties of auxetic foam samples and the dependence of foam deflection on the number of cycles were examined. Finally, the test results obtained for conventional and auxetic foams were compared and discussed.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

cellular plastics; fatigue properties investigations; helicopter pilot seats

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwa Naukowe Sieci Badawczej Łukasiewicz - Instytutu Lotnictwa
• Czasopismo: Fatigue of Aircraft Structures
• Rocznik: 2014
• Tom: Iss. 6
• Strony: 72--78
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 8 poz., fot., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Lisiecki J.

• Air Force Institute of Technology, ul. Księcia Bolesława 6, 01-494 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Nowakowski D.

• Air Force Institute of Technology, ul. Księcia Bolesława 6, 01-494 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Reymer P.

• Air Force Institute of Technology, ul. Księcia Bolesława 6, 01-494 Warsaw, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. R. S. Lakes, Science, v. 235 (1987) 1038÷1040.
• 2. A. Anderson, home.um.edu.mt/ncs/ncs3/alderson.pdf.
• 3. PN-EN ISO 3385-99, Elastyczne tworzywa porowate; oznaczanie zmęczenia przy stałym obciążeniu.
• 4. PN-EN ISO 2439-10 Elastyczne tworzywa sztuczne porowate; oznaczanie twardości (technika wciskania).
• 5. Lisiecki J. i zespół: Sprawozdanie ITWL Nr SP-105/31/2012 z pracy „Badanie elastycznej pianki poliuretanowej o ujemnym współczynniku Poissona. Określenie wpływu parametrów termicznych procesu wytwarzania pianek na właściwości wytrzymałościowe kształtek 150x150x50 mm o różnym stopniu zagęszczenia”, POIG, ZB14, September 2012.
• 6. Lisiecki J. i zespół: Sprawozdanie ITWL Nr SP-147/31/2012 z pracy „Badanie elastycznej pianki poliuretanowej o ujemnym współczynniku Poissona. Badanie wpływu sposobu zagęszczenia kształtek pianki auksetycznej na współczynnik Poissona i właściwości użytkowe - cz. I.”, POIG, ZB14, grudzień 2012.
• 7. ASTM D 3574-11, Standard test method for flexible cellular materials-slab, bonded, and molded urethane foams.
• 8. J.N. Grima, A. Attard, R. Gatt, N.R. Cassar, Advanced Engineering Materials, v.21, 2009.

Uwagi

EN

Financial support of the Structural Funds in the Operational Programme - Innovative Economy (IE OP) financed from the European Regional Development Fund - Project "Modern material technologies in aerospace industry", No. POIG.01.01.02-00-015/08-00 is gratefully acknowledged.