RTK positioning under trees

• Autorzy: Bakuła M. , Pelc-Mieczkowska R. , Marchewicz A.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The paper presents the results of positioning by means of the RTK (Real Time Kinematic) method under forest conditions. The experiments were conducted over four consecutive days on hours when the configuration of GPS satellites over the test point was optimal. During the tests a Z-Xtreme receiver by Ashtech was used. On the first and the last day the corrections from the reference station were transmitted to the mobile receiver using the NTRIP application and on the other days the radio modem by SATEL was used for transmission of the corrections. The accuracy of measurement point coordinates in the GPS/RTK is expressed in centimeters; however, achievernent of that accuracy of results under forest conditions is highly difflcult as a consequence of the problem with ambiguity determination by the mobile receiver. Additionally, the mobile receiver is reached by GPS signals disturbed by signal multipath and cycle slip errors. The experiments presented in this paper indicate that despite very difficult measurement conditions it is possible to determine the coordinates of points under forest conditions with the accuracy of a few centimeters.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

NTRIP; GPS; GPRS; RTK; OTF

PL

NTRIP; GPS; GPRS; RTK; OTF

• Wydawca: Wydział Geodezji i Kartografii Politechniki Warszawskiej
• Czasopismo: Reports on Geodesy
• Rocznik: 2009
• Tom: z. 2/87
• Strony: 19--28
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 12 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Bakuła M.

autor

Pelc-Mieczkowska R.

autor

Marchewicz A.

• University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn Department of Satellite GeodEsy and Navigation ul. Heweliusza 5, 10-724 Olsztyn

Bibliografia

• [1] Ashtech (1998a) GPS Fieldmate, Operation and Reference Manual, Magellan Corporation, USA.
• [2] Ashtech (1998b) Ashtech Z-family, Technical Reference Manual, Magellan Corporation, USA.
• [3] Bakuła M., Oszczak S. (2006) Experiences of RTK Positioningin Hard Observational Conditions During NysaKłodzka River Project. Reports on Geodesy, No. 1(76): 71-79, Vienna, Austria.
• [4] Ciećko A., Oszczak B, Oszczak S. (2003) Determination of Accuracy and Coverage of Permanent Reference Station (DGPS/RTK) in Gdynia. Reports on Geodesy, No. 2(65): 45-51 , Viena, Austria.
• [5] Cisak J., Kryński J., Mańk M. (2001) RTK w terenie zurbanizowanym. Przykład Warszawy. Zeszyty Naukowe, Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Sił Powietrznych, Dęblin 2001, Dodatek nr 2/2001: 63-78.
• [6] El-Mowafy, A. (2000) Performance Analysis of the RTK Technique in an Urban Environment. The Australian Surveyor, 45(1), 47-54.
• [7] Hasegawa, H., Yoshimura, T. (2003) Application of dual-frequecy GPS receiver for static surveying under treecanopy. Journal of Forest Research, Springer-Verlag, Tokyo Inc, 8(2), 103-110.
• [8] Hofmann-Wellenhof B., Lichtenegger H., Collins J. (1997) GPS-Theorty and Practice. Springer, Wien, New York.
• [9] Naesset, E. (2001) Effects of differential single- and dual-frequency GPS and GLONASS observatons on point accuracy under forest canopies. Journal of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 67(9), 1021-1026.
• [10] Naesset, E., Jonmeister, T. (2002) Assessing Point Accuracy of DGPS Under Forest Canopy Before Data Acquisition, in the Field and After Postprocessing. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, Taylor and Francis Ltd, 17(4), 351-358.
• [11] Sigrist, P., Coppin, P., Hermy, M. (1999) Impact of forest canopy on quality and accuracy of GPS. InternationalJournal of Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis Ltd, 20(18), 3595-3610.
• [12] Yoshimura, T., Hasegawa, H. (2003) Comparing the precision and accuracy of GPS positioning in forest areas. Journal of Forest Research, Springer-Verlag Tokyo Inc, 8(3), 147-152.