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The research aimed to test the effectiveness of gas and dust explosion suppression by means of a super fast explosion suppression system with a volume of 5 dm3. Smokeless powder as an explosive charge and sodium bicarbonate as a suppressing material were used. The experiments were carried out using a prototype device - a 5 liter steel container, closed by means of an aluminum membrane. Approximately 1.75 kg of extinguishing powder was placed in the container. The membrane was ruptured by exploding a specially developed charge located inside a perforated steel combustion chamber and mounted over the suppressing powder surface. The system was triggered by a signal from the protected volume, sent by a pressure transducer or by a photodiode reacting to a developing flame. The investigations into the efficiency of the active explosion suppression system were carried out in the 1.3 m3 explosion chamber. The explosion was initiated in a corn starch-air mixture of 0.2 kg/m3 concentration, or in a methane-air mixture of 7.5% and 8.5% CH4 concentration. The explosion suppression process occurred through the action of the extinguishing powder blown out from the extinguisher after the compressed combustion products perforated the membrane.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
1--11
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 24 poz., tab., rys., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
autor
- Institute of Heat Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 21/25 Street, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland, gieras@itc.pw.edu.pl
Bibliografia
- [1] D. Bradley, A. Mitheson, The venting of gaseous explosions in spherical vessels. I - theory, Combustion and Flame 32 (1978) 221-236.
- [2] D. Nolan, Handbook of fire & explosion protection engineering principles for oil, gas, chemical, & related facilities, Tech. rep., Westwood, New Jersey (1996).
- [3] R. J. Harris, E. F. N. Spon, Gas explosions in buildings and heating plants, London (1983).
- [4] M. Sapko, E. Weiss, R. Watson, Size scaling of gas explosions: Bruceton experimental mine versus the lake lynn mine u.s. dept. of the interior, Tech. Rep., Bureau of Mines (1987).
- [5] W. Bartknecht, Explosions, Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg/New York (1981).
- [6] R. Eckhoff, Dust explosions in process industries, Tech. rep., Oxford, Linacre House (1991).
- [7] K. Lebecki, K. Cybulski, J. Sliz, Z. Dyduch, P. Wolafski, Large scale grain dust explosions - research in Poland, Shock Waves 5 (1995) 109-114.
- [8] M. Zdanowski, Zapobieganie pożarom i wybuchom gazowych paliw energetycznych, Tech. rep., issued in cooperation with the Komenda Główna Straży Pożarnych (1983).
- [9] H. K. Chelliah, Characterization of physical, thermal and chemical contributions of sodium bicarbonate particles in extinguishing counter-flow non-premixed flames, in: 5th ASME/ISME Joint Thermal Engineering Conference, 1999, pp. 1-7.
- [10] H. K. Chelliah, Effect of sodium bicarbonate particle size on the extinction of non-premixed counter-flow flames, Combustion and Flame 134 (2003) 261-272.
- [11] W. Hu, J. Smith, T. Doğu, G. Doğu, Kinetics of sodium bicarbonate decomposition, American Institute of Chemical Engineers Journal 32 (1986) 1483-1490.
- [12] B. Kucnerowicz-Polak, Inhibition of flames by means of extinguishing powders, Ph.D. thesis, Cracow University of Technology (1987).
- [13] V. Babushok, W. Tsang, G. Linteris, D. Reinelt, Chemical limits to flame inhibition, Combustion and Flame 115 (4) (1998) 551-560.
- [14] A. Jones, G. O. Thomas, The action of water sprays on fires and explosions: a review of experimental work, Process Safety and Environmental Protection 71 (1993) 41-49.
- [15] R. Klemens, Dynamics of dust explosions suppression by means of extinguishing powder in various industrial conditions, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 20 (2007) 664-674.
- [16] P. Oleszczak., R. Klemens, Suppression of dust air mixture explosions by means of water spray, proc. of the six international symposium on special topics in chemical propulsion, pp. 157-158, (2005) and advancement in energetic materials and chemical propulsion, Tech. rep., Behell House Inc. New York, pp. 581-599 (2007).
- [17] M. Gieras, R. Klemens, Studies of dust explosion suppression by water sprays and extinguishing powders, Fire & Safety Magazine Spring (2008) 4-8.
- [18] G. O. Thomas, Influence of water sprays on explosion development in fuel-air mixtures, Combustion Science and Technology 80 (1991) 47-61.
- [19] R. R. Skaggs, Assessment of the fire suppression mechanism for hfc-227 ea combined with nahco3, Tech. rep., US Army Research Laboratory, pp. 1-11, Aberdeen Proving Ground (2002).
- [20] P. E. Moore, Automatic explosion protection systems, in: Proc. of Shenyang International Symposium on Dust Explosions, Shenyang, China, 1987, pp. 316-348.
- [21] A. J. Hynes, The chemical kinetics and thermodynamics of sodium species in oxygen - rich hydrogen flames, Journal of Chemical Physics 80 (6) (1984) 2585-2596.
- [22] M. Gieras, Studies on process of dust explosion suppression by water spray, Archivum Combustionis 31 (1-2) (2011) 63-78.
- [23] M. Gieras, Determination of explosion parameters of methane-air mixtures in the chamber of 40 dm3 at normal and elevated temperature, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 19 (2-3) (2006) 263-270.
- [24] M. Gieras, R. Klemens, Experimental studies of explosions of methane-air mixtures in a constant volume chamber, Combustion Science and Technology 181 (1-13) (2009) 641-653.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-PWA9-0057-0008