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Przepływomierz wirowy - analiza zjawiska generacji wirów. Współczesne metody badań i wizualizacji ścieżki wirowej von Karmana

Autorzy
Panankin G.
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
EN
Vortex meter - analysis of vortex shedding phenomenon. Contemporary methodology of investigations and visualization of von Karman vortex street
Języki publikacji
PL
Abstrakty
PL
Zagadnienie ścieżki wirowej von Karmana jako podstawy fizycznej działania przepływomierza wirowego jest przedmiotem niniejszej pracy. Długa historia przepływomierza wirowego nie doprowadziła dotychczas do pełnego poznania zjawiska ze wzglądu na wyjątkową złożoność procesu generacji i rozwoju wirów. Jest sprawą podstawową, że właściwe zaprojektowanie jakiegokolwiek urządzenia wymaga głębokiego zrozumienia występujących zjawisk fizycznych. W przypadku przepływomierza wirowego są one wyjątkowo skomplikowane. Stąd teza, że pełne zrozumienie tych zjawisk może się odbyć tylko na podstawie wszechstronnych badań wykorzystujących różne metody badawcze. Można do nich zaliczyć: analizę sygnału pomiarowego, badania pola prędkości z wykorzystaniem sondy termoanemometrycznej, wizualizację przepływu z cyfrowym przetwarzaniem obrazów oraz modelowanie numeryczne. Informacje dotyczące zjawiska uzyskane dzięki różnym metodom pozwolą na stworzenie spójnego obrazu generacji i rozwoju wirów. Wyniki uzyskane z ich wykorzystaniem umożliwią też potwierdzenie poprawności prowadzonych badań i formułowanych wniosków. Poglądy autora na filozofię optymalizacji przepływomierza wirowego zostały sformułowane głównie na podstawie własnych badań zaprezentowanych w rozdz. 4 i 6 (chociaż osiągnięcia innych autorów są szeroko cytowane). Nowe podejście do badań ścieżki wirowej von Karmana jest wyrażone chociażby w analizie stabilności okresu sygnału pomiarowego, analizie widmowej sygnałów z sondy termoanemometrycznej czy też w parametryzacji ścieżki wirowej z wykorzystaniem wizualizacji przepływu i cyfrowego przetwarzania sygnałów. Zaproponowany model fenomenologiczny pozwolił na weryfikację wyników uzyskanych innymi metodami i ułatwił ich interpretację. Ważne osiągnięcie autora stanowi interpretacja zjawisk występujących w bliskim sąsiedztwie przeszkody, towarzyszących wprowadzeniu szczeliny do przeszkody — generatora wirów. W Dodatku opisano liczne urządzenia wykorzystujące czujnik przepływomierza wirowego, opracowane w zespole naukowym kierowanym przez autora pracy.
EN
The von Karman vortex street as the physical basis of the vortex meter is the subject of the paper. The long history of the vortex meter has not led so far to the comprehensive understanding of its applied phenomena because of their exceptional complexity regarding the generation and growth of vortices. It is of fundamental significance that successful design of any device is determined by way of deep understanding of the applied physical basics. In case of the vortex meter, the phenomena are extremely complicated. Hence the idea that comprehensive recognition should only be made using various research methods. Analysis of the measured signal, hot-wire anemometer investigations of the flow field, flow visualization with image processing and numerical modelling can be chosen as preferred research methods. Partial information conccrning phenomena properties yielded due to various methods of application should make up a coherent picture of vortex shedding. Results obtained due to the application of different methods may also constitute the confirmation of correctness of the conducted investigations and formulated conclusions. Thc views of the author on the philosophy of meter optimization have been formulated mainly on the basis of his own investigations presented in chapters 4 and 6 (although achievements of other researchers are widely cited). A new approach to the von Karman vortex street research is expressed by investigations of signal period stability, spectral analysis of the signals front hot-wire anemometer and vortex street parametrization with application of flow visualization and image processing. Due to the proposed phenomenological model, verification and interpretation of results ohtained by other application methods were feasible. One of the most important achievements of the author is the interpretation of phenomena appearing in the closest neighbourhood downstream the bluff body accompanying the introduction of the slit into the primary device. Numerous devices with vortex meters which were designed and realized in the research group managed by the author are decribcd in Appendix A.
Słowa kluczowe
PL
EN
Wydawca
Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Warszawskiej
Czasopismo
Prace Naukowe Politechniki Warszawskiej. Elektronika
Rocznik
2009
Tom
z. 168
Strony
1--158
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 199 poz., tab., rys., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
Panankin G.
  • Instytut Systemów Elektronicznych, Politechnika Warszawska
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