The problem of validity of benchmark elevations for general engineering tasks in urbanised areas on the example of vertical benchmark network in the city of Wroclaw

• Autorzy: Grzempowski P. , Mąkolski K.
• Konferencja: Current problems of engineering surveying / Proceedings of the 8th Scientific Technical Conference (VIII ; 30-31.03. 2007 ; Warsaw-Białobrzegi, Poland)
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

To carry out many surveying operations, one requires, apart from location determined in horizontal plane also elevation of selected points in a project. In the case of work realised over a large area, particularly if the object to be measured is of elongated shape, these tasks are performed in relation to a greater number of national network benchmarks. At that point control of benchmarks locations in relation to one another and determination of the most reliable reference frame for surveying tasks are required. The need to carry out such control will be proved in this paper on the example of historical changes of benchmark ordinates of vertical network in the city of Wroclaw.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

benchmark elevation; Wrocław; engineering surveying

PL

znak wysokościowy; sieć wysokościowa; Wrocław; pomiary geodezyjne

• Wydawca: Wydział Geodezji i Kartografii Politechniki Warszawskiej
• Czasopismo: Reports on Geodesy
• Rocznik: 2007
• Tom: z. 1/82
• Strony: 91--101
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 9 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Grzempowski P.

autor

Mąkolski K.

• Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Institute of Geodesy and ul. Geoinformatics, Grunwaldzka 53, 50-357 Wrocław, Poland

Bibliografia

• Cacoń S., Bosy J., Kontny B., 1999, The GPS levelling network in the conurbation of Wrocław, Artifical Satellites, Vol. 34, No. 3, 1999, 163 - 170.
• Cisek A., Kożuchowski A., Wynalek J., 2000, Influence of the great July flood on the movements of hydro-engineering objects, (in Polish), Proceed. of the 17th Autmun School of Geodesy, Scientific Papers of the Institute of Mining, Wroclaw University of Technology, No. 90, Series: Conferences 27, Wroclaw, pp. 105-112.
• Dudek A., Traczewski W., Zaremba S., 2002, Lokalne pomiary osiadań budowli, (in Polish), Scientific Papers of the Rzeszów University of Technology, No. 195, Series 34, pp. 41(49.
• Ferenc J., 1979, The studies of ground surface vertical movements in the city of Wroclaw, (in Polish), Ph. D. Thesis, Wroclaw University of Technology.
• Grzempowski P., Cacoń S., 2005, The cause analysis of benchmark movements in the city of Wrocław, Reports on Geodesy No. 3 (74), 2005, pp. 271 - 281.
• Kmiecik J., Sierdzan R., 1994, Specific problems of the fundamental levelling network in Poland, (in Polish), Geodetic Review, No 7-8/1994.
• Zaremba S., 2000, Beware of benchmarks, Bit - Technique and Technology (in Polish), No. 6/200.
• Wolski B., Toś C., 2003, Ocena stabilności punktów sieci wysokościowej w aspekcie warunków gruntowo - wodnych, (in Polish) VI Konferencja Naukowo - Techniczna, Warszawa - Białobrzegi, pp.127-138, tom II.
• Szczepański J., 2003, Robust adjustment of geodetic networks resistant to the outlying points (in Polish), Ph. D. Thesis, Agricultural University of Wrocław.