Badania diagnostyczne izolacji gazowych rozdzielnic wysokiego napięcia

• Autorzy: Kołtunowicz W.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Diagnostic insulation testing of high voltage gas insulated substation

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

W rozprawie przedstawiono nowe procedury optymalnych badań diagnostycznych wytrzymałości elektrycznej izolacji rozdzielnic z SF^ opartych na specjalnie w tym celu zdefiniowanych metodach pomiaru wyładowań niezupełnych. Sklasyfikowano podstawowe defekty mające wpływ na obniżenie wytrzymałości elektrycznej izolacji rozdzielnicy i na podstawie badań laboratoryjnych wyznaczono wymiary krytyczne defektów, które uzależniono od natężenia pola elektrycznego na szynie rozdzielnicy i od rodzaju napięcia probierczego. Wskazano na poziom wyładowań niezupełnych (wnz) w izolacji, powodowanych obecnością defektów, jako na parametr diagnostycznej oceny wytrzymałości elektrycznej izolacji rozdzielnicy i mający bezpośredni związek z wymiarami krytycznymi defektu. Zdefiniowano sposób pomiaru wnz metodami: bardzo wysokiej częstotliwości, akustyczną, optyczną i chemiczną. Na podstawie wyników prób w rzeczywistych układach rozdzielnicy, dokonano porównania metod, biorąc pod uwagę: ich czułość pomiarową (niezbędną do wykrycia i identyfikacji najbardziej typowych defektów), przydatność do ciągłego monitorowania wnz, łatwość i koszty zainstalowania. Następnie, na podstawie charakterystyki sygnałów pomiarowych każdej z metod, określono zagrożenia izolacji rozdzielnicy, wynikające z obecności typowych jej defektów. Zaproponowano procedurę próby pomontażowej, polegającej na wykorzystaniu wyższych, niż obecnie zalecane, poziomów napięć przemiennych o częstotliwości 50 Hz, przy jednoczesnym pomiarze wnz metodami diagnostycznymi o wysokiej czułości. Na podstawie rezultatów badań starzeniowych izolacji stałej określono wpływ defektów powierzchniowych i wnętrzowych na wytrzymałość elektryczną izolatorów odstępnikowych w długim okresie czasu. Określono częstość okresowych pomiarów diagnostycznych w eksploatacji i ustalono parametry sygnału diagnostycznego oraz parametry ogólne rozdzielnicy niezbędne do właściwej oceny uzyskiwanych wyników. Wskazano na trendy rozwojowe w dziedzinie badań izolacji gazowych rozdzielnic wn.

EN

In this thesis the present state of the art in diagnostic testing of gas insulated substations (GIS) is presented. Stringent, non-standard testing procedures and more efficient diagnostic methods are proposed to detect GIS insulation defects with the aim of diminishing the unsatisfactory dielectric in-service failure rate of this equipment. The critical size of the most common GIS defects leading to flashover during on-site testing is defined in the laboratory. The Partial Discharge (PD) level is chosen to establish the relationship to the actual withstand voltage of the GIS. Electrical, acoustic, optical and chemical diagnostic methods of PD measurements are considered for the detection of the defects. A typical design for each diagnostic system is described and the sensitivity of the methods of detecting the critical defects of low apparent charge values is compared in the laboratory and in real GIS equipment. The use of the UHF and optical method for on-line monitoring of PD is also discussed. The implementation procedure for the system which operates on the UHF principle is shown. The identification criteria for typical GIS defects are selected on the basis of analogue and digital computer-aided PD measurements and the flashover risk estimation for these defects is performed. The long term behavior of GIS insulators with defects is verified in the laboratory. Based on the author's experience, from both the technical and economic point of view, on-site GIS testing procedures are proposed. These procedures are based on an AC high voltage test which is associated with sensitive PD measurements. This permits the detection, location and identification of the critical defects in GIS insulation. The successful use of the UHF and acoustic system during commissioning tests of GIS is presented. The results of PD measurements with the acoustic method carried out to verify the insulation integrity of the GIS in service are also reported. The measurements were performed on more than 600 GIS bays of different manufacturers and different rated voltage levels from 66 kV to 1000 kV. The repetition frequencies of PD measurements are proposed as a part of the PD Policy in GIS to facilitate condition based maintenance and consequently reduce the in-service costs of this equipment.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

rozdzielnice gazowe; próby pomontażowe; diagnostyka; pomiar wyładowań niezupełnych

EN

gas insulated substation; GIS; field testing; diagnostics; partial discharge measurements

• Wydawca: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Warszawskiej
• Czasopismo: Prace Naukowe Politechniki Warszawskiej. Elektryka
• Rocznik: 2003
• Tom: z. 124
• Strony: 3--112
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 130 poz., rys. tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Kołtunowicz W.

• Instytut Wielkich Mocy i Wysokich Napięć, Politechnika Warszawska
• Centro Elettrotecnico Sperimentale Italiano (CESI), Włochy

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