Odwzorowanie kształtu obiektów trójwymiarowych z wykorzystaniem oświetlenia strukturalnego

• Autorzy: Sitnik R.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Three-dimensional imaging of real objects by structured light

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Współcześnie w wielu dziedzinach, takich jak nauka, technika, medycyna, multimedia czy ochrona dziedzictwa kulturowego, coraz bardziej istotne staje się odwzorowanie powierzchni obiektów trójwymiarowych. Urządzenia do odwzorowania kształtu tych obiektów charakteryzują się zróżnicowaną budową i parametrami technicznymi w zależności od dziedziny i konkretnego zastosowania. W pracy przedstawiono podsumowanie dorobku autora w zakresie opracowania zintegrowanego systemu pomiaru kształtu powierzchni obiektów trójwymiarowych wraz z towarzyszącym oprogramowaniem realizującym automatycznie pełne przetwarzanie wyników do postaci końcowej w wybranych zastosowaniach medycznych, przemysłowych, multimedialnych i związanych z dokumentacją dziedzictwa kulturowego. W szczególności zaproponowano koncepcję optomechatronicznego czujnika 3D/4D, który łączy w sobie możliwości pomiaru kształtu powierzchni zarówno obiektów statycznych, jak i zmiennych w czasie (ożywionych). Została opracowana nowa metoda kalibracji czujnika niewymagająca warunków laboratoryjnych oraz specjalizowanego sprzętu. Opracowana procedura kalibracji może być przeprowadzana przez niewykwalifikowanego użytkownika w terenie bez zmniejszenia wartości parametrów użytkowych, takich jak niepewność pomiaru. Zaproponowane algorytmy (z których najważniejsze to automatyczne łączenie danych kierunkowych, segmentacja chmury punktów na grupy reprezentujące prymitywy geometryczne, triangulacja chmury punktów i jej teksturowanie) pozwalają na automatyczną realizację przetwarzania w przyszłych możliwych implementacjach optomechatronicznego czujnika 3D/4D. W końcowej części pracy przedstawionych jest pięć specjalizowanych wersji optomechatronicznego czujnika 3D/4D realizujących : - analizę lejkowatości klatki piersiowej na podstawie pomiaru 3D obiektów ruchomych, do zastosowań w medycynie; - śledzenie widocznych struktur anatomicznych na powierzchni ciała człowieka na podstawie pomiaru 4D obiektów ruchomych, do zastosowań w medycynie; - przyspieszenie pomiaru wielkości geometrycznych w przemyśle maszynowym; - tworzenie modelu 3D do zastosowań multimedialnych; - tworzenie dokumentacji wieczystej na podstawie pomiaru 3D obiektów statycznych, do zastosowań w dokumentacji dziedzictwa kulturowego.

EN

Nowadays, imaging of three-dimensional surface of objects in many areas like science, technology, medicine, multimedia or cultural heritage is more and more important. Devices realizing shape measurement of such objects are characterized by diverse design structures and technical parameters depending on exploited area and specific application. This work describes scientific achievements of the author in the field of integrated 3D shape measurement system development together with accompanying software realizing automated data processing for the final form in selected medical, industrial, multimedia and digital heritage applications. In particular, the concept of the opto-mechatronic 3D/4D sensor was proposed and it consists of possibility of 3D shape measurement of static objects as well as those varying in time (living ones). A new sensor calibration method that requires no specialized equipment and non laboratory conditions has been developed. The developed calibration procedure can be executed by a not technically skilled user and out of laboratory without any decrease of value of system parameters like measurement uncertainty. The proposed algorithms (among them the most important ones are automated view integration, segmentation of cloud of points into groups representing basic shapes, cloud of points triangulation and its texturing) allow to realize automated data processing in possible future implementations of the opto-mechatronic 3D/4D sensor. In the last part of the work, five specialized versions of opto-mechatronic 3D/4D sensor are described. They realize: - analysis of funnel chest on the basis of 3D shape measurement of moving objects in medicine application, - tracking of anatomical landmarks visible on human body surface on the basis of 4D measurement of moving objects in medicine application, - speeding up of measurement of geometrical features in machining industry, - imaging of 3D model in multimedia applications, - creation of eternal documentation on the basis of 3D shape measurement of static objects in application of culture heritage documentation.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

optomechatroniczny czujnik 3D/4D; pomiar 3D; skanowanie 3D; kalibracja 3D; triangulacja; chmura punktów

EN

optomechatronics sensor 3D/4D; 3D measurement; 3D scanning; 3D calibartion; triangulation; clouds of points

• Wydawca: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Warszawskiej
• Czasopismo: Prace Naukowe Politechniki Warszawskiej. Mechanika
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: z. 231
• Strony: 3--117
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 176 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Sitnik R.

• Instytut Mikromechaniki i Fotoniki

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