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Design of a Hold-off Time Control Circuit for Geiger-mode Avalanche Photodiodes

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EN
A high-resolution hold-off time control circuit for Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (GM-APDs) that enables linear changes to the hold-off time from several nanoseconds to microseconds is presented. The resolution of the hold-off time can be varied from nanoseconds to tens of nanoseconds with a range up to microseconds to cater for a variety of GM-APDs. This circuit allows setting of the optimal 'afterpulse-free' hold-off time for any GM-APD through digital inputs or additional signal processing circuitry. With this circuit, the APD is automatically reset following the end of the hold-off period that further simplifies the end-user's control. A layout of this circuit is designed using a conventional 0.15 μm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process, resulting a area of 95 μm x 55 μm which makes it suitable for use with APD arrays.
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Bibliografia
  • [1] F. Zappa, M. Ghioni, S. Cova, C. Samori and A. Giudice, “An integrated active-quenching circuit for single-photon avalanche diodes,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement , vol.49, no.6, pp.1167-1175, Dec. 2000.
  • [2] F. Zappa, A. Lotito, A.C. Giudice, S. Cova and M. Ghioni, "Monolithic active-quenching and active-reset circuit for single-photon avalanche detectors," IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits , vol.38, no.7, pp.1298-1301, Jul. 2003.
  • [3] S. Tisa, F. Guerrieri and F. Zappa, "Variable-load quenching circuit for single-photon avalanche diodes," Optics Express , vol.16, no.3, pp.2232-2244, Feb. 2008.
  • [4] Mario Stipevi, “Active quenching circuit for single-photon detection with Geiger mode avalanche photodiodes”, Applied Optics , vol.48, no.9, pp.1705-1714, Mar. 2009.
  • [5] A. Sultana, E. Kamrani and M. Sawan, “CMOS silicon avalanche photodiodes for NIR light detection: a survey,” Springer Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing , vol.70, no.1, pp.1-13, Apr. 2012.
  • [6] D. Cronin and A. P. Morrison, "Intelligent System for Optimal Hold-Off Time Selection in an Active Quench and Reset IC," IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics , vol.13, no.4, pp.911-918, Jul./Aug. 2007.
  • [7] S. Cova, M. Ghioni, A. Lacaita, C. Samori and F. Zappa, "Avalanche photodiodes and quenching circuits for single-photon detection," Applied Optics , vol.35, no.12, pp.1956-1976, 1996.
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Bibliografia
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bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-LODD-0002-0027
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