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Natural Gas as a Fuel for Dual-Fuel Automotive Engines. A Review

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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
General information on natural gas properties, reserves, production and distribution is given. Application of natural gas to automotive vehicles and comparison with other gases as well as its application to spark ignition and compression ignition engines are discussed. As far as natural gas application to dual fuel engines is concerned, the influence of engine operating parameters (bmep, speed), control parameters (pilot diesel fuel quantity and timing, fuel-air equivalence ratio) and engine design (combustion chamber shape, supercharging) on efficiency, emissions, noise and cycle-to-cycle variations are discussed. Benefits of natural gas as a fuel for dual-fuel engines suggest its recommendation for automotive vehicles.
Rocznik
Strony
38--72
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 42 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
  • Politechnika Radomska, Al. Chrobrego 45, 26-600 Radom, Poland Tel: (48)(48) 361 76 53, 361 76 71 Fax: (48)(48) 361 76 44, malgorzata_wojtyniak@op.pl
Bibliografia
  • [1] Worldwide look at reserves and production. Oil & Gas Journal, Vol. 102, No. 47 (December 20, 2004), pp. 22-23.
  • [2] Encyklopedia Świat i Polska. Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa 2007.
  • [3] web site: www.visionengineer.com/env/alt_ng_prop.php: (Tse L.: Natural gas properties. First published: 28 May 2004).
  • [4] Kowalewicz A.: Podstawy procesów spalania (Combustion Processes Fundamentais). Wydawnictwo Naukowo-Techniczne Warszawa 2000.
  • [5] The Gas Vehicle Report, January 2006.
  • [6] web site: www.cleanairpower.com/technology
  • [7] Stelmasiak Z.: Ekologiczno-ekonomiczne aspekty zastosowania gazu w silnikach dwupaliwowych (Ecological-economic aspects of natural gas application in dual-fuel engines). Conference materials. "Vehicle and Environment" Radom 2001, pp. 459-466.
  • [8] Stelmasiak Z.: Wybrane problemy stosowania gazu ziemnego do zasilania silników o zapłonie samoczynnym (Selected problems of application of natural gas to CI engine). The Archives of Automotive Engineering 2006, No. 1, pp. 13-30.
  • [9] Selim M.Y.E.: Sensitivity of dual-fuel engine combustion and knocking limits to gaseous fuel composition. Energy Conversion and Management Vol. 45 (2004), pp. 411-425.
  • [10] Nwafor O.M.I.: Effect of choice of pilot fuel on the performance of natural gas diesel engines. Renewable Energy, vol. 21 (2000), pp.495-504.
  • [11] Karim G.A.: A review of combustion processes in the dual fuel engine - the gas diesel engine. Progr. Energy Combust Sci. 1980, Vol. 6, pp. 277-285.
  • [12] Karim G.A, Wierzba I.: Comparative studies of methane and propane as fuels for spark ignition and compression ignition engines. SAE paper 831196, 1983.
  • [13] Karim G.A, Jones W., Raine R.R.: An examination of the ignition delay period in dual fuel engines. SAE paper 891222, 1989.
  • [14] Zabłocki M.: Dwupaliwowe silniki z zapłonem samoczynnym napędzane paliwem ciekłym i gazowym (Dual-fuel compression ignition engines fuelled with liquid and gas fuels). Wydawnictwo Naukowo-Techniczne Warszawa 1969.
  • [15] Zacharias F.: Gasmotoren. Vogel Buchverlag 2001.
  • [16] Development of high-pressure direct-injection ISXG natural gas engine. Report of National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US). Battelle DOE/GO-102004-1940. August 2004.
  • [17] http://ngv.org/ngv/ngvorgOl.nsf/bytitle/CaterpillarNaturalGasDualFuelEngines. Caterpillar natural gas dual-fuel engines
  • [18] Demonstration of Caterpillar C-l0 dual-fuel engines in MCI 102DL3 commuter busses. Report of National Renewabie Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US). NREL/SR-540-26758. January 2000.
  • [19] http://www.bandgmachine.com/technical/april96.htm
  • [20] Bielaczyc P., Brodziński H., Szczotka A: O emisji związków szkodliwych spalin z samochodów zasilanych paliwem gazowym LPG lub NG. Analiza wymagań homologacyjnych (On harmful exhaust emission from vehicles fuelled with gas fuels LPG or NG. Analysis of homologation demands). Archiwum Spalania 2003, Vol. 3, Nr l, pp. 72-93.
  • [21] ECE Reg No. 67 (E/ECE/324-E/ECE/TRANS/505 Rev. I/Corr.2, Rev.l/Corr.l, Corr.1to Supplement 2. Uniform provisions concerning: I Approval of specific equipment of motor vehicles using Liquefied Petroleum Gases in their propulsion system; II. Approval of a vehicle fitted with specific equipment for the use of Liquefied Petroleum Gases in its propulsion system with regard to the installation of such equipment.
  • [22] ECE Reg No. 83.03 (E/ECE/324-E/ECE/TRANS/505 Rev.1!Add.82/Rev.l, Rev.1/ Amend. 2, Rev.l/Amend.3, Corr.l, Corr.2.). Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to emission of pollutants according to engine fuel requirements.
  • [23] Sas J., Kwaśniewski K: Current situation and future prospects of CNG market in Poland. Clean Transportation for a Livable World. Conference paper NGV 2002.
  • [24] Papagiannakis R.G., Hountalas D.T.: Combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of a dual fuel compression ignition engine operated with pilot Diesel fuel and natural gas. Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 45 (2004) pp. 2971-2987.
  • [25] Papagiannakis R.G., Hountalas D.T.: Experimental investigation concerning the effect of naturai gas percentage on performance and emissions of a DI dual fuel diesel engine. Applied Thermal Engineering 2003, Vol. 23, pp. 353-365.
  • [26] Shengua L., Longbao Z., Ziyan W., Jiang R.: Combustion characteristics of compressed natural gas/diesel dual-fuel turbocharged compression ignition engine. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2003 Vol. 217, No. D9, pp. 833-838.
  • [27] Shengua L., Wang Z., Jiang R.: Development of compressed natural gas/diesel dual-fuel turbocharged compression ignition engine. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2003 Vol. 217, No. D9, pp. 839-845.
  • [28] Stelmasiak Z.: Some aspects of the heat release rate in the dual fuel engine fuelled CNG with particularly consideration of the gas combustion. Journal of KONES Warsaw 2003, Vol. 10 No. 1-2.
  • [29] Ogawa H., Miyamamoto N., Li Ch., Nakazawa S., Ako K: Smokeless and Low NOx Combustion in Dual-Fuel Diesel Engine with Induced Natural Gas as a Main Fuel. The Fifth COMODIA, 2001.
  • [30] Krishnan S.R., Biruduganti M., Mo Y., Bell S.R., Midkiff K.C.: Performance and heat release analysis of a pilot-ignited natural gas engine. International Journal of Engine Research 2002, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 171-184.
  • [31] Singh S., Krishnan S.R., Srinivasan K.K, Midkiff K.C., Bell S.R.: Effect of pilot injection timing, pilot quantity and intake charge conditions on performance and emissions for an advanced low-pilot-ignited natural gas engine. International Journal of Engine Research 2005, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 329-348.
  • [32] Abd Alla G.H. et al: Effect of pilot fuel quantity on the performance of dual fuel engine. Energy Conversion and Management, 41 (2000), p. 559-572.
  • [33] Lin Z., Warnhua S.: A study on amount of pilot injection and effects on rich and lean boundaries of the premixed CNG/air mixture for a CNG/diesel dual-fuel engine. International Journal of Global Energy Issues 2003, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 290-301.
  • [34] Micklow G.J., Gong W.: Mechanism of hydrocarbon reduction using multiple injection in a natural gas fuelled/micro-pilot diesel ignition engine. International Journal of Engine Research 2002, Vol. 3, No. l, pp. 13-21.
  • [35] Stelmasiak Z., Larisch J., Gilowski T.: Możliwości sterowania dawką inicjującą oleju napędowego w dwupaliwowych silnikach ZS wyposażonych w system Common Rail (Possibility of pilot fuel quantity control in dual-fuel compression ignition engines with common rail injection system). Paper No. PTNSS P05-C004 presented at PTNSS Congress, 2005, Bielsko Biała.
  • [36] Ling S., Longbao Z., Shenghua L., Zhong H.: Decreasing hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions of a natural-gas engine operating in the quasi-homogeneous charge compression ignition mode at low loads. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 2005, Vol. 219, No. 9, pp. 1125-1131.
  • [37] Pirouzpanah V., Khoshbakhti S.: Reduction of emissions in an automotive direct injection diesel engine dual-fuelled with natural gas by using variable exhaust gas recirculation. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2003, Vol. 217, No. 8, pp. 719-725.
  • [38] Yaeo T., Daisho Y., Koseki T., Kihara R., Saito T.: Combustion and exhaust emission control in a dual-fuelled engine: utilizing natural gas with diesel ignition assistance. Japan Soc. of Automotive Engineers Review. Elsevier Science 1995, Vol. 16, No. 1. pp. 103-104.
  • [39] Selim M. Y.E.: Effect of exhaust gas recirculation on some combustion characteristics of dual fuel engine. Energy Conversion and Management 2003, Vol. 44, pp. 707-721.
  • [40] Selim M. Y.E.: Effect of engine parameters and gaseous fuel type on the cyclic variability of dual fuel engines. Fue12005, Vol. 84, pp. 961-971.
  • [41] Selim M. Y.E.: Pressure-time characteristics in diesel engine fuelled with natural gas. Renewable Energy 2001, Vol. 22, pp. 473-489.
  • [42] Karim G.A.: Examination of rich mixture operation of dual fuel engine. Gaseous Fuels and Other Alternatives. SP-832 Paper 901500.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BWM4-0029-0048
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