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Changes in the sea surface temperature of the Barents Sea in the years 1951-2006
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Praca charakteryzuje zmiany temperatury powierzchni Morza Barentsa (TPM) zachodzące w okresie 1951–2006. Stwierdzono występowanie słabych, dodatnich i istotnych statystycznie trendów TPM w gridach leżących poza obszarem bezpośredniego oddziaływania ciepłych prądów morskich. Odnotowano słaby i nierównomiernie rozłożony w przestrzeni wzrost temperatury powierzchni morza – silniejszy we wschodniej części Morza Barentsa. W badanym okresie (1951–2006) na obserwowaną zmienność rocznej TPM znacznie silniejszy wpływ wywierają procesy oceaniczne niż zmienność zimowej cyrkulacji atmosferycznej.
The aim of this work was to analyse monthly and annual values of sea surface temperatures of the Barents Sea in the years covering the period from 1951 up to 2006 averaged to chosen grids 2x2° (Fig. 1).The analysis showed that in the course of SST a clearly marked period (1976–1988) of significant decrease in annual values of water temperature was noted, with the minimum observed in 1980 (Fig. 2). This phenomenon is connected with Great Salinity Anomaly.The research showed that the general decrease in annual SST takes place towards north-east and at the same time, following the same direction, the increase in amplitude of inter-annual changes can be observed (Fig. 3). ‘The warm sources of the North Cape Current and West Spitsbergen Current moving away and the transfer of heat from the ocean to the atmosphere are the cause of this situation. This significant drop in annual sea surface temperature in the NE part of the Barents Sea is also influenced by flows of cold and fresh Surface Arctic Waters from the Arctic and Kara seas. There were also great differences observed in the course of annual SST in the western and eastern parts of the examined sea area. (Fig.4). In the eastern part rapid falls in water temperature can be noted by even 0.7°C from year to year. They result from the sea ice spreading and Surface Arctic Waters from the Kara Sea and from the north region of the Barents Sea which cut off the flow of heat from the deeper parts of the sea towards the surface and to the atmosphere.In the examined period weak positive trends in the annual sea surface temperature were observed and they are statistically significant in almost all grids (Tab.1). The strongest trends were noted in the east part of the examined sea area. Positive and statistically significant trends of the monthly SST are observed in summer and autumn in grids located farthest NE.The analysis showed that the influence of winter atmospheric circulation on the temperature of the sea surface is weak or rather moderate (Tab. 2) and that the observed changeability in annual sea surface temperature of the Barents Sea is mainly controlled by oceanic processes.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
61--70
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 17 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Katedra Meteorologii i Oceanografii Nautycznej, Wydział Nawigacyjny, Akademia Morska ul. Sędzickiego 19, 81–374 Gdynia, zblewski@am.gdynia.pl
Bibliografia
- 1. Belkin I.M., Levitus S., Antonov J., Malmberg S., 1998, ‘Great salinity anomalies’ in the North Atlantic. Progress in Oceanography, 41: 1–68.
- 2. Belkin I.M., 2004, Propagation of the “Great Salinity Anomaly”of the 1990s around the northern North Atlantic. Geophysical Research Letters, 31, L08306, doi:10.1029/2003GL019334.
- 3. Dickson R.R., Meincke J., Malmberg S.A., Lee A.J, 1988, The ‘‘Great Salinity Anomaly’’ in the northern North Atlantic, 1968–1982, Progress of Oceanography, 20: 103–151.
- 4. Furevik T., 2001, Annual and interannual variability of Atlantic Water temperatures in the Norwegian and Barents Seas: 1980-1996. Deep-Sea Research I, 48: 383–404.
- 5. Häkkinen S., 1999, A Simulation of thermohaline effects of a Great Salinity Anomaly. Journal of Climate, 12 (6): 1781–1795.
- 6. Hurrell J.W., 1995, Decadal trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation: Regional temperature and precipitation. Science, 269: 676–679.
- 7. Johannessen O.M., Bengtsson L., Miles M.W., Kuzmina S.I., Semenov V.A., Alekseev G.V., Nagurnyi A.P., Zak-harov V.P., Bobylev L.P., Pettersson L.H., Hasselmann K., Cattle H.P., 2004, Arctic climate change: observed and modelled temperature and sea-ice variability. Tellus A, 56: 328–341.
- 8. Karcher M.J., Gerdes R., Kauker F., Köberle C., 2003, Arctic warming: Evolution and spreading of the 1990s warm event in the Nordic seas and the Arctic Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research, 108(C2), 3034 doi: 10.1029/2001JC001265.
- 9. Loeng H., Drinkwater K., Ingvaldsen R., Lien V., Ozhigin V., Skagseth Ø., 2007, Climate variability in the Barents Sea [w:] The Oceanography of the North Atlantic and adjacent Seas. CLIVAR Exchanges, 40, Vol. 12 (1): 9–11.
- 10. Niedźwiedź T., 2003, Współczesna zmienność cyrkulacji atmosfery, temperatury powietrza i opadów atmosfe-rycznych na Spitsbergenie. Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej, 13: 79–92.
- 11. Przybylak R., 2002, Variability of air temperature and atmospheric precipitation in the Arctic. Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library, 25, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht / Boston / London: 330 s.
- 12. Rigor I.G., Colony R.L., Martin S., 2000, Variations in surface air temperature observations in the Arctic, 1979–1997. Journal of Climate 13 (5): 896–914.
- 13. Semenov V.A., Bengtsson L., 2003, Modes of the win
- 14. Smith T.M., Reynolds R.W., 2003, Extended reconstruction of global sea surface temperatures based on COADS data (1854–1997). Journal of Climate, 16: 1495–1510.
- 15. Styszyńska A., 2005, Przyczyny i mechanizmy współczesnego (1982-2002) ocieplenia atlantyckiej Arktyki. Aka-demia Morska, Gdynia: 109 s.
- 16. Zakharov V.F., 1977, Poverkhnostnye arktičeskie vody kak faktor ustojčivosti ledyanogo pokrova. Trudy AANII, 346: 122–134.
- 17. Zhang J., Rothrock A.D., Steele M., 1998, Warming of the Arctic Ocean by strenghtened Atlantic inflow: Model results. Geophysical Research Letters, 25 (10): 1745–1748.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BWM3-0023-0005