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A Short Range Synthetic Aperture Imaging Radar with Rotating Antenna

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The design of a short range synthetic aperture imaging radar is introduced in this paper. A radar hologram is acquired using a small omnidirectional antenna that is mounted on a rotating platform. After each turn of the platform a high resolution 360° 2D image is reconstructed; a rotating window function optimizes the reconstructed image function to get the best image focus for detecting both weak and strong scatterers. The rotating window function depends on the target direction and is executed for each image point and each target direction. The size of the synthetic aperture – and thus the lateral resolution of the imaging system – is determined by the diameter of the circular antenna trajectory. In contrast to common radar scanner concepts that utilize highly directional and thus bulky antennas, the proposed scanner concept has the advantage of using a small, lightweight omni-directional antenna. The developed radar system is much more compact and the scanning mechanics are significantly simplified. Furthermore, an omni-directional antenna offers very straightforward options for powering the radar on the rotation platform. Measurement results obtained with a 24 GHz FMCW short range radar sensor illustrate the performance of the proposed SAR imaging method.
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  • Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Electrical Information Technology, Leibniz str. 28, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany, ali@iei.tu-clausthal.de
Bibliografia
  • [1] G. M. Kirkpatrick, “Development of a Monopulse Radar System,” IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 45, pp. 807–818, April 2009.
  • [2] D. Vivet, P. Checchin, and R. Chapuis, “On the Fly Localization and Mapping Using a 360◦ Field-of-View Microwave Radar Sensor,” in IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots Systems, St Louis, MO, USA, October 2009, pp. 23–28.
  • [3] S. K. Boehmke, J. Bares, E. Mutschler, and N. K. Lay, “A High Speed 3D Radar Scanner for Automation,” IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation Proceedings, vol. 4, pp. 2777–2782, 1998.
  • [4] P. Checchin, F. Gerossier, C. Blanc, R. Chapuis, and L. Trassoudaine, “Radar Scan Matching SLAM Using the Fourier-Mellin Transform,” in IEEE Int. Conf. on Field and Service Robotics (FSR), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, July 2009.
  • [5] S. Nordebo, Z. Zang, and I. Claesson, “A Semi-Infinite Quadratic Programming Algorithm with Applications to Array Pattern Synthesis,” IEEE Transactions on Circuit and Systems, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 225–232, March 2001.
  • [6] S. Wu and J. Zhang, “Research of Array Geometry for Smart Antenna,” in 6th International Symposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory, China, 2003, pp. 294–298.
  • [7] H. Klausing, “Feasibility of a Synthetic Aperture Radar with Rotating Antennas (ROSAR),” in Microwave 19th European Conference, September 1989, pp. 287–299.
  • [8] F. Ali and M. Vossiek, “Detection of Weak Moving Targets Based on 2-D Range-Doppler FMCW Radar Fourier Processing,” in Proceedings of 5th German Microwave Conference, March 2010, pp. 214–217.
  • [9] M. Vossiek, A. Urban, S. Max, and P. Gulden, “Inverse Synthetic Aperture Secondary Radar Concept for Precise Wireless Positioning,” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 55, pp. 2447–2453, 2007.
  • [10] M. Vossiek, R. Roskosch, and P. Heide, “Precise 3-D Object Position Tracking Using FMCW Radar,” in Proceedings of 29th European Microwave Conference, vol. 1, October 1999, pp. 234–237.
  • [11] F. Ali, A. Urban, and M. Vossiek, “A High Resolution 2D Omnidirectional Synthetic Aperture Radar Scanner at K Band,” in 2010 European Radar Conference (EuRAD), Paris, France, September 2010, pp. 503–506.
  • [12] A. Nosich, R. Sauleau, and Y. V. Gandel, “Classical ADE and PACO Omni-directional Dual Reflector Antennas Simulated in 2-D Using a Nystrom-Type MDS Algorithm,” in Proceedings of 39th European Microwave Conference, 29 September-1 October 2009, pp. 858–861.
  • [13] W. Menzel and R. Leberer, “Folded Reflect Array Antennas for Shaped Beam Applications,” in First European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, Nice, France, 6-10 November 2006, pp. 1–4.
  • [14] J. Richter and L.-P. Schmidt, “Dielectric Rod Antennas as Optimized Feed Elements for Focal Plane Arrays,” in Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2005, pp. 667–670.
  • [15] J. Richter, M. Müller, and L.-P. Schmidt, “Measurement of Phase Centers of Rectangular Dielectric Rod Antennas,” in Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2004, pp. 743–746.
  • [16] M. Vossiek, P. Heide, M. Nalezinski, and V. Magori, “Novel FMCW Radar System Concept with Adaptive Compensation of Phase Errors,” in Proceedings of 26th European Microwave Conference, Prague, Czech Republic, 1996, pp. 135–139.
  • [17] M. I. Skolnik, Radar Handbook, 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional, 1990.
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Bibliografia
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bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BWA0-0049-0020
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