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The paper presents the results of studies on the production of planar optical waveguides to be applied in amplitude chemical sensors, using ion exchange technique Ag+<=>Na+ from the solutions of AgNO₃-NaNO₃. Substrates from BK-7 glass and from soda-lime glass were applied. The influence of the parameters of the applied technologies on the shape of refractive index profiles of the produced planar waveguides was presented. For the produced waveguides the dependence was determined between modal attenuation coefficients as the function of mode order as well as the uniformity parameters of modes reaction with absorption sensor layer.
Słowa kluczowe
Wydawca
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
229--238
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 20 poz., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Institute of Physics, Silesian University of Technology, 2 Krzywoustego Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
autor
- Institute of Physics, Silesian University of Technology, 2 Krzywoustego Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Bibliografia
- 1. P.V. Lambeck, “Integrated opto-chemical sensors”, Sens. Actuators B8, 103-116 (1992).
- 2. B. Culshaw and J. Dakin, Optical Fiber Sensors Volume Three - Components and Subsystems, Artech House, Boston-London, 1996.
- 3. K. Nishizawa, E. Sudo, M. Yoshida, and T. Yamasaki, “High sensitivity waveguide-type hydrogen sensor”, Proc. Optical Fiber Sensor Conf., 131-134, Tokyo, 1986.
- 4. Ch. Piraud, E. Mwarania, G. Wylangowski, J. Wilkinson, K. O. Dwyer and D.J. Schiffrin, “Optoelectrochemical thin-film chlorine sensor employing evanescent fields on planar optical waveguides”, Anal. Chem. 64, 651-655 (1992).
- 5. R. Klein and E. Voges, “Integrated-optic ammonia sensor”, Sens. Actuators B11, 221-225 (1993).
- 6. H. Gnewuch and H Renner, “Mode-independent attenuation in evanescent-field sensors”, Appl. Opt. 34, 1473-1482 (1995).
- 7. R. Rogoziński, “Electrodiffusion processes with the conversion of polarization direction of electric field in the formation of planar waveguide structures using ion exchange technique in glass”, Opt. Appl. 28, 331-343 (1998).
- 8. A.W. Snyder and J.D. Love, Optical Waveguide Theory, Chapman and Hall, 1983.
- 9. M.O. Vassell, “Structure of optical guided modes in planar multilayers of optical anisotropic material”, J. Opt. Soc. Amer. 64, 166-173 (1974).
- 10. P. Karasiński, “Application of 4×4 matrix method for the modelling of planar waveguide sensors”, Proc. SPIE 4239, 229-234 (2000).
- 11. K. Van de Velde, H. Thienpont, and R. Van Geen, “Extending the effective index method for arbitrarily shaped inhomogeneous optical waveguides”, J. Light. Techn. 6, 1153-1159 (1988).
- 12. P. Karasiński, “Sol-gel derived sensitive films for ammonia evanescent wave sensors”, Opt. Appl. 33, 477-487 (2003).
- 13. R.V. Ramaswamy and R. Srivastava, “Ion-exchanged glass waveguides: A Review”, J. Light. Techn. 6, 984-1001 (1988).
- 14. A. Opilski, R. Rogoziński, M. Błahut, P. Karasiński, K. Gut, and Z. Opilski, “Technology of ion exchange in glass and its application in waveguide planar sensors”, Opt. Eng. 36, 1625-1638 (1997).
- 15. G. Stewart and P.J.R. Laybourn, “Fabrication of ion-exchanged optical waveguides from dilute silver nitrate melts”, IEEE J. Quant. Electr. 14, 930-934 (1978).
- 16. J.M. White and P.F. Heidrich, “Optical waveguide refractive index profiles from measurement of mode indices: A simple analysis”, Appl. Optics 15, 151-155 (1976).
- 17. H.M. Garfinkel, “Ion-exchange equilibria between glass and molten salts”, J. Phys. Chem. 72, 4175-4181 (1968).
- 18. A. Lupascu, A. Kevorkian, T. Boudet, F. Saint-Andr, D. Persegol, and M. Levy, “Modelling ion exchange in glass with concentration-dependent diffusion coefficients and mobilities”, Opt. Eng. 35, 1603-1610 (1996).
- 19. S. Batchelor, R. Owen, and D.G. Ashworth, “Reconstruction of refractive index profiles from multiple wavelength mode indices”, Opt. Comm. 131, 31-36 (1996).
- 20. P. Karasiński and R. Rogoziński, “Influence of refractive profile on the reaction of modes with sensor layer in the planar amplitude chemical sensor”, Proc. SPIE 5028, 242-245 (2002).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
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