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The modification of light flux leaving a wind-roughened, oil covered sea surface: example of computations for hallow seas

Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
This paper presents chosen results of modelling of upward light flux over a rough sea surface covered with an oil film. In upward irradiance computations (by means of Monte Carlo method), the optical parameters of two types of water were taken into consideration: water typical for bays of the Baltic Sea (Case 2 water) and ocean (Case 1) waters, both covered with an oil layer 5 mum thick (Romashkino). Coefficients of reflectance and transmission for the oil film were used for the calculations. These coefficients were obtained through the mathematical simulation of the route of light rays, both upward and downward, through the oil film. The obtained results show that oil films influence upward light fluxes over the sea surface, and that this influence depends on the depth and roughness of the sea. The analyses of oil film visibility on sea surfaces revealed also the influence of the direction of observation.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Strony
117--133
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 19 poz., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
  • Gdynia Maritime Academy, ul. Morska 81-87, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland
autor
  • lnstitute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
Bibliografia
  • [1.] Cox C., Munk W., 1954, Measurements of the roughness of the sea surface from photographs of the Sun's glitter, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 44, 838-850.
  • [2.] Cox C., Munk W., 1956, Some problems in optical oceanography, J. Mar. Res., 14, 63-78.
  • [3.] Estep L., 1992, Spectral principal components of the upwelling light field from the ocean surface, Proc. SPIE, 1749, Optics of Air-Sea Interface: Theory and Measurements, 315-325
  • [4.] Fay T., Miller H. V., 1980, Bathymetric analysis of 'in water' upwelling radiance data, Proc. SPIE, 1302, 641-649.
  • [5.] Fingas M., Brown C., 1998, Review of the visibility of oil slicks and oil discharges on water, Proc. XXI Arctic and Marine Oilspill Program (AMOP) Technical Seminar, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, 819-840.
  • [6.] Flatau P. J., Piskozub J., Zanefeld J., 1999, Asymptotic light field in the presence of a bubble-layer, Optics Express, 5, 120-123.
  • [7.] Gilbert G. D., North M. H., 1994, Studies of optical ringing in sea water, Proc. SPIE, 2258, Ocean Optics XII, 472-479.
  • [8.] Levin I. M., 1994, Spectral contrast of oil films on the sea surface: influence of water type, wind velocity, and solar altitude, Proc. SPIE, 2258, Ocean Optics XII, 759-769.
  • [9.] Lyzenga D. R., 1978, Passive remote sensing techniques for mapping water depth and bottom features, Appl. Optics, 17, 379-383.
  • [10.] Morel A., Prieur L., 1977, Analysis of variation in ocean colour, Limnol. Oceanol., 22, 709-721.
  • [11.] Olszewski J., Sagan S., Darecki M.,1992, Spatial and temporal changes in some optical parameters in the Southern Baltic, Oceanologia, 33, 87-103.
  • [12.] Osadchy V. U., Shifrin K. S., Gurevich I. Y., 1994, Remote sensing and measurement of the thickness of oil films on the sea surface using the reflectivity contrast, Proc. SPIE, 2258, Ocean Optics XII, 747-758.
  • [13.] Otremba Z., 1994, The influence of an oil-film covered sea surface on the reflection and upward transmission of light, Oceanologia, 36 (2), 138-153.
  • [14.] Otremba Z., Piskozub J., 1993, Role of an oil film in upward light field formation - the first results of calculations by Monte Carlo method, Proc. Conf. on Technical and Ecological Aspects of Oil Residence in the Baltic Sea, 265-271, (in Polish).
  • [15.] Otremba Z., Targowski W., 1994, The impact of the nonhomogeneity ofoilfilms covering the sea surface on light transmission: theoretical calculations, Stud. Mater. Oceanol., 66 (1), 3-14.
  • [16.] Preisendorfer R., 1961, Application of radiative transfer theory to light measurements in the sea, IUGG Monograph., 10, 11-30.
  • [17.] Preisendorfer R., 1964, Hydrologic optics, Vol. 3, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Honolulu.
  • [18.] Woźniak S., 1996, Sea surface slope distribution and foam coverage as functions of the mean heigth of wind waves, Oceanologia, 38 (3), 317-332.
  • [19.] Siegel H., Seifert T., 1985, Influence of the sea bortom on spectral refleetance in the Oder bank region, Beit. Meer., 52, 65-71.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BUS8-0016-0068
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