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Warm waters of summer 2002 in the deep Baltic Proper

Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
From October 2002 until March 2003 surprisingly warm, oxygenated waters were frequently encountered in the Baltic Sea in the area between the Bornholm and Fa*rö Deeps from the halocline down to the bottom. Owing to their ventilation effect in the stagnating deep waters, their occasional observations have partly been incorrectly attributed to the inflow events of October 2002 or January 2003. The emergence of some of these waters can be traced back to the exceptional summer weather conditions in August and September 2002 in central Europe. The warm waters played a remarkable renewal pacemaker role for the subsequent important winter inflow of January 2003. The evolution of this summer inflow is described and possible causes are discussed.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Strony
571--592
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 41 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
  • Baltic Sea Research Institute, Seestrasse 15, D-18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany
autor
  • Baltic Sea Research Institute, Seestrasse 15, D-18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany
autor
  • Baltic Sea Research Institute, Seestrasse 15, D-18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany
  • Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, Marine Branch, al. Waszyngtona 42, PL-81-342, Gdynia, Poland
autor
  • Baltic Sea Research Institute, Seestrasse 15, D-18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany
autor
  • Baltic Sea Research Institute, Seestrasse 15, D-18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany
autor
  • Baltic Sea Research Institute, Seestrasse 15, D-18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany
autor
  • DHI Water & Environment, Agern Allé 5, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
Bibliografia
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  • [3] Dutz J., 2002, GLOBEC Cruise Report 44/01/11, October 2002, http://www.ifm.uni-hamburg.de/globec/cruises/gg02_13program.pdf.
  • [4] Feistel R., 2003, IOW Cruise Report 11/03/02, March 2003, http://www.io-warnemuende.de/projects/monitoring/documents/cr110302.pdf.
  • [5] Feistel R., Nausch G., Hagen E., 2003a, The Baltic inflow of autumn 2001, Meereswiss. Ber., 54, 55-68, http://www.io-warnemuende.de/documents/mebe54_inflow01.pdf.
  • [6] Feistel R., Nausch G., Matthäus W., Hagen E., 2003b, Temporal and spatial evolution of the Baltic deep water renewal in spring 2003, Oceanologia, 45 (4), 623-642.
  • [7] Fischer H., Matthäus W., 1996, The importance of the Drogden Sill in the Sound for major Baltic inflows, J. Mar. Sys., 9, 137-157.
  • [8] Franck H., Matthäus W., Sammler R., 1987, Major inflows of saline water into the Baltic Sea during the present century, Gerlands Beitr. Geophys., 96, 517-531.
  • [9] Griffies S. M., Pacanowski R. C., Schmidt M., Balaji V., 2001, Tracer conservation with an explicit free surface method for z-coordinate ocean models, Mon. Weather Rev., 129 (5), 1081-1098.
  • [10] Hagen E., Feistel R., 2001, Spreading of Baltic deep water: a case study for the winter 1997-1998, Meereswiss. Ber., 45, 99-133, http://www.io-warnemuende.de/research/mebe.html.
  • [11] HELCOM, 2002, Manual of marine monitoring in the COMBINE programme of HELCOM, Baltic Mar. Environ. Prot. Commiss., Helsinki, (updated 2001/2002), http://www.helcom.fi/mons/combinemanual2/combinehome.html.
  • [12] HELCOM, 2003, The 2002 oxygen depletion event in the Kattegat, Belt Sea and Western Baltic, Baltic Sea Environ. Proc. No. 90, 1-64.
  • [13] Herrmann J. P., 2002, GLOBEC Cruise Report, IHF Hamburg, 11.11.-29.11.2002.
  • [14] IMGW, 2002, Monitoring Cruise Reports of r/v ‘Baltica’ No. 05(81) and 06(82), http://www.baltyk.imgw.gdynia.pl.
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  • [16] Krüger S., 2001, Baltic station – Arkona Sea. Basic shipboard instrumentation and fixed automatic stations for monitoring in the Baltic Sea, pp. 1-52 to 61, [in:] The ocean engineering handbook, F. El-Hawary (ed.), CRC PRESS LLC, Boca Raton.
  • [17] Krüger S., Roeder W., Wlost K.-P., 2003, Baltic stations Darss Sill and Oder Bank, ICES Cooper. Res. Rep. No. 257, 198-203.
  • [18] Łysiak-Pastuszak E., Drgas N., 2002, Warunki tlenowe (Oxygen conditions), [in:] Environmental conditions in the Polish zone of the southern Baltic Sea in 2002, W. Krzyminski, E. Łysiak-Pastuszak & M. Miętus (eds.), Mater. Oddz. Mor. Inst. Meteor. i Gosp. Wod., Gdynia, (in press).
  • [19] Matthäus W., 1977, Zur mittleren jahreszeitlichen Veränderlichkeit der Temperatur in der offenen Ostsee, Beitr. Meereskunde, 40, 117-155.
  • [20] Matthäus W., Franck H., 1990, The water volume penetrating into the Baltic Sea in connection with major Baltic inflows, Gerlands Beitr. Geophys. Leipzig, 99, 377-386.
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  • [22] Matthäus W., Lass H. U., Francke E., Schwabe R., 1983, Zur Veränderlichkeit des Volumen- und Salztransports über die Darsser Schwelle, Gerlands Beitr. Geophys. Leipzig, 92, 407-420.
  • [23] Matthäus W., Nausch G., Lass H. U., Nagel K., Siegel H., 1999, The Baltic Sea in 1998 – characteristic features of the current stagnation period, nutrient conditions in the surface layer and exceptionally high deep water temperatures, Dt. Hydrogr. Z., 51 (1), 67-84.
  • [24] Mikulski Z., 1982, River inflow to the Baltic Sea 1921-1975, PAS, Polish Nat. Comm. IHP, Faculty Geogr. Reg. Stud., Warsaw Univ.
  • [25] Nagel K., 2003, IOW Cruise Report 11/03/01, February 2003, http://www.io-warnemuende.de/projects/monitoring/documents/cr110301.pdf.
  • [26] Nausch G., Feistel R., Lass H. U., Nagel K., Siegel H., 2003, Hydrographisch-chemische Zustandseinschätzung der Ostsee 2002, Meereswiss. Ber., 55, 1-71.
  • [27] Nausch G., 2003a, IOW Cruise Report 40/03/22, January 2003, http://www.io-warnemuende.de/projects/monitoring/documents/cr400322.pdf.
  • [28] Nausch G., 2003b, IOW Cruise Report 44/03/03, May 2003, http://www.io-warnemuende.de/projects/monitoring/documents/cr440303.pdf.
  • [29] Pacanowski R. C., Griffies S. M., 2000, MOM 3.0 Manual, Tech. Rep., GFDL, Princeton, 671 pp.
  • [30] Roeder W., 2002a, IOW Cruise Report 40/02/19, August 2002.
  • [31] Roeder W., 2002b, IOW Cruise Report 40/02/26, December 2002.
  • [32] Schmidt M., 2002, IOW Cruise Report 11/02/03, October 2002, http://www.io-warnemuende.de/projects/monitoring/documents/cr110203.pdf.
  • [33] Siegel H., 2002, IOW Cruise Report 40/02/09, August 2002.
  • [34] SMHI, 2002, Flow through the Sound 2002, http://www.smhi.se/hfa_coord/BOOS/y2002/inflow2002_3.html.
  • [35] Stigebrandt A., 1976, On the effect of barotropic current fluctuations on the two-layer transport capacity of a constriction, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 7, 118-122.
  • [36] Thiel G., 1938, Strombeobachtungen in der westlichen Ostsee im Juli 1936, Aus dem Archiv der Deutschen Seewarte und des Marineobservatoriums, 58, 1-28.
  • [37] Voss M., 2002, IOW Cruise Report 40/02/21, September 2002.
  • [38] Wasmund N., 2002, IOW Cruise Report 40/02/18, August 2002, http://www.io-warnemuende.de/projects/monitoring/documents/cr400218.pdf.
  • [39] Wasmund N., 2003, IOW Cruise Report 44/03/07, August 2003, http://www.io-warnemuende.de/projects/monitoring/documents/cr440307.pdf.
  • [40] Wyrtki K., 1953, Die Dynamik der Wasserbewegungen im Fehmarnbelt I, Kiel. Meeresforsch., 9, 155-170.
  • [41] Wyrtki K., 1954, Die Dynamik der Wasserbewegungen im Fehmarnbelt II, Kiel. Meeresforsch., 10, 162-181.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BUS8-0013-0082
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