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Codebook-linked Watermarking Scheme for Digital Images

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Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Digital watermarking techniques are an importantmethod to provide copyright protection of multimedia. In this paper, we proposed a non-embedded watermarking scheme, based on vector quantization (VQ), to protect the image copyright. Our approach applies a codebook to generate a relationship between image blocks and watermark bits, and then the relationship is outputted as the key stream (called KS). With the KS, the relationship between the image and the watermark are confirmed and the copyright of the image is declared. In our method, the number of bits that are related to a block is adaptive. Compared to the scheme of Lin et al., our approach needs only one codebook, while their approach requires seven. Moreover, in our approach each block can be connected with watermark bits, while some blocks can not be connected with watermark bits in their method. Finally, a method of adjusting the robustness is given for our proposed approach. Our approach not only reduces the length of the key stream, but it also allows for a more flexible application. In addition, our experimental results show that the proposed approach runs faster and is more robust than that of Lin et al.
Wydawca
Rocznik
Strony
397--409
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 15 poz., fot., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
autor
autor
autor
  • Shiuh-JengWang, Dept. of InformationManagement, Central Police University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 333, ROC, sjwang@mail.cpu.edu.tw
Bibliografia
  • [1] Barreto, P. S. L. M., Kim, H. Y., rijjmen, V.: Toward secure public-key blockwise fragile authentication watermarking, Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng., 149(2), 2002, 57-62.
  • [2] Chang, C. C., Wu, H. C.: A copyright protection scheme of images based on visual cryptography, The Imaging Science Journal, 2001, 141-150.
  • [3] Chen, T. S.,Wu, H. R.: The vector image protection techniques based on vector quantization, in Proceedings of 11th Information Security Conference, 2001.
  • [4] Hsu, C. T., Wu, J. L.: Hidden digital watermarks in images, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 8(1), 1999, 58-68.
  • [5] Hu, Y., Jeon, B.: Reversible visible watermarking and lossless recovery of original, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 16(11), 2006, 1423-1429.
  • [6] Hu, Y. C.: Grey-level image hiding scheme based on vector quantization, IEE Electronics Letters, 39(2), 2003, 202-203.
  • [7] Huang, H. C., Wang, F. H., Pan, J. S.: A VQ-based robust multi-watermark algorithm, ICIET Transaction Fundamental, E85-A, 2002, 1719-1726.
  • [8] Jo, M., Kim, H. D.: A digital image watermarking scheme based on vector quantization, IEICE Transactions on Information and System, E85-D(6), 2002, 1054-1056.
  • [9] Li, S., W.: Shape adaptive discrete wavelet transforms for arbitrarily shaped visual object coding, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 10, 2000, 752-742.
  • [10] Lin, C., Hu, Y., Chang, C.: A novel image ownership protection scheme based on rehashing concept and vector quantization, Fundamenta Informaticae, 71, 2001, 441-451.
  • [11] Line, Y., Buzo, A., Gray, R. M.: An algorithm for vector quantizer design, IEEE Transactions on Communications, 28, 1980, 84-95.
  • [12] Lu, C. S., Lia, H. Y. M.: Multipurpose watermarking for image authentication and protection, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 10, 2001, 1579-1592.
  • [13] Lu, Z. M., Xu, D. G., Sun, S. H.: Multipurpose image watermarking algorithm based on multistage vector quantization, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 14(4), 2005, 822-831.
  • [14] Piva, A. P., Caldelli, R., Rosa, A. D.: A DWT-based object watermarking system forMPEG-4 video streams, IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 3, 2000, 5-8.
  • [15] Wu, C. F., Hsieh, W. S.: Digital watermarking using zerotree of DCT, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, 46, 2000, 87-94.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BUS8-0004-0079
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