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The subjects of the study were two high-mountain lakes, Morskie Oko and Czarny Staw pod Rysami, in the Tatra range of the Carpathian Mountains located within the protected area of the Tatra National Park. This paper presents results of the analytical study of the lake water composition and compares this with relevant data from earlier years. The impact of the following factors was distinguished and discussed: atmospheric deposition (dry and wet), migration of pollutants with runoff water supplying both reservoirs, tourism (hiking, climbing), and the influence of mountain hostels. The resistance and sensitivity of the lakes to human impact is described in terms of water quality changes and characteristics of the catchments and the region.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
77--86
Opis fizyczny
bibliogr. 24 poz., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
autor
autor
autor
- Department of Water and Soil Analysis, Adam Mickiewicz University ul. Drzymały 24, 60-613 Poznań, Poland, ikrzyca@amu.edu.pl
Bibliografia
- 1.Bambówna M., Wojtan K., 1996, Changes in the chemical composition of the water in Tatra lakes over the years. [in:] Nature and Man, Eds. Niewodniczański J., Gąsienica Byrcyn W., Zakopane, Proceedings of the 1st Polish Conference on the Tatra National Park, 56-59, (in Polish)
- 2.Choiński A., 2000, The deepest lakes in the Tatra Mountains - the newest depth measurements, Czasop. Geogr., 71, 1, (in Polish)
- 3.Czapski Z., Mizgajska H., 1996, Biological contamination of tourist trials in the Tatra National Park, [in:] Nature and Man, Eds. Niewodniczański J., Gąsienica Byrcyn W., Zakopane, Proceedings of the 1st Polish Conference on the Tatra National Park, 46-48, (in Polish)
- 4.Czochański J.T., Borowiak D., 2000, From the geographical investigations in the Polish Tatra Mountains, Gdańsk, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, pp. 362, (in Polish)
- 5.Galloway J.N., 1998, The global nitrogen cycle: changes and consequences, Environ. Pollut., 102:15-24
- 6.Gliwicz Z.M., 1985, Eutrophication of the Tatra lakes - fertilize or stocking?, Wiad. Ekol., 31: 351-390, (in Polish)
- 7.Kasza H., Galas J., Wojtan K., 1997, Chemical composition of precipitation, surface water and ground water, [in:] Water resources of the Tatra National Park statement, Eds. Kownacki A., Łajczak A., Kraków, Wydawnictwo TPN, pp. 97-117, (in Polish)
- 8.Kopacek J., Vesely J., Stuchlik E., 2001, Sulphur and nitrogen fluxes and budgets in the Bohemian Forest and Tatra Mountains during the Industrial Revolution (1851-2000), Hydrol. Earth Sys. Sci., 5(3): 391-405
- 9.Kopacek J., Stuchlik E., Vesely J., Schaumburg J., Anderson I.C. et al., 2002, Hysteresis in reversal of central European Mountain lakes from atmospheric acidification, Water Air Soil Pollut., 2: 91-114
- 10.Kopacek J., Hardekopf D., Majer V., Psenakova P., Stuchlik E., Vesely J., 2004, Response of alpine lakes and soils to changes in acid deposition: the MAGIC model applied to the Tatra Mountain region, Slovakia - Poland, J. Limnol., 63(1): 143-156
- 11.Kopacek J., Stuchlik E., Wright R.F., 2005, Long-term trends and spatial variability in nitrite leaching from alpine catchment - lake ecosystems in the Tatra Mountains (Slovakia - Poland), Environ. Pollut., 136: 89-101
- 12.Kot M., 1996, Chemical denudation in the High Tatra Mountains, [in:] Earth science, Eds. Niewodniczański J., Gąsienica Byrcyn W., Zakopane, Proceedings of the 1st Polish Conference on the Tatra National Park, 117-119, (in Polish)
- 13.Kownacki A., Łajczak A., 2002, Rules of protection and management of waters within "The plan of protection of the Tatra National Park", Proceedings of the Polish Conference on the Tatra National Park, 311-319, (in Polish)
- 14.Mirek Z., 1996, Nature of the Tatra National Park, Wydawnictwo Tatrzańskiego Parku Narodowego, Kraków - Zakopane 1996, pp. 787, (in Polish)
- 15.Rzychoń D., 1998, Influence of acid precipitation on lake acidification in High Tatra Mountains. [in:] Scientific Work of Silesian University in Katowice, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, 1675: 132, (in Polish)
- 16.Stoddard J.L., 1994, Long-term changes in watershed retention of nitrogen: its causes and aquatic consequences, [in:] Environmental Chemistry Series 237, Ed. Baker L.A., Washington, American Chemical Society, pp. 223-284
- 17.Stuchlik E., Kopacek J., Fott J., Horicka Z., 2006, Chemical composition of the Tatra Mountain lakes: Response to acidification, Biologia, Bratislava, 61(Supp.): S11-S20
- 18.Śliwerski K., 1934: Bathymetric measurements of Tatra's lakes, Wiad. Służby Geogr., 8 (in Polish)
- 19.Walna B., Kurzyca I., Siepak J., 2004, Local effects of pollution on chemical composition of precipitation in areas differing in human impact, Pol. J. Environ. Stud., 13 (Suppl.) 36-42
- 20.Wilander A., 2005, Acidification and effects of liming as revealed by national lake surveys in Sweden. Proceedings of Acid Rain 2005 7th International Conference on Acid Deposition, Prague, pp.396
- 21.Williams M.W., Baron J.S., Caine N., Sommerfeld R., Sanford Jr.R., 1996, Nitrogen saturation in the Rocky Mountains, Environ. Sci. Technol., 30: 640-646
- 22.www.krab.agh.edu.pl
- 23.www.krakow.pios.gov.pl
- 24.www.tpn.pl
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BUS8-0001-0025