Trace element geochemistry of the Early to Late Cretaceous deposits of the Grajcarek thrust-sheets - a palaeoenvironmental approach (Małe Pieniny Mts., Pieniny Klippen Belt, Poland)

• Autorzy: Wójcik-Tabol P. , Oszczypko N.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The chemical composition of the Cretaceous deposits of the Grajcarek thrust-sheets (Pieniny Klippen Belt, Poland) has been investigated to provide information on palaeoenvironment and provenance of pelagic and turbiditic particles. The material studied shows large variations in terrigenous and biogenic content. Phyllosilicates (mirrored in amounts of Al2O3, average 15 wt.%) and carbonates (6 wt.% of CaO) are common mineral components of the deposits excluding the Cenomanian radiolarian shales (CRS) that are enriched in silica "Immobile" elements may be accommodated by phyllosilicates and accessory minerals (i.e. zircon, xenotime, apatite and Ti-oxides). Heavy minerals are significant within the Szlachtowa Fm. High field strength elements (HFSE) in the Malinowa Fm. are housed in secondary apatite and Fe-oxides. Lithophile trace elements (LILE) concentrations in the material studied are lower/comparable to Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS). Ba concentration in the CRS probably reflects enhanced bioproductivity. Interaction between major oxides, distributions of "immobile' and lithophile elements suggest that variation in trace elements through the succession was mainly controlled by the terrigenous input. The material studied was sourced from intermediate to felsic rocks of the Czorsztyn (Oravic) Ridge. The Szlachtowa Fm. and CRS are more mature than others due to low contents of clay minerals. The Szlachtowa Fm. also contains recycled material. The CRS correspond to the oceanic anoxic event 2 (OAE 2) whereas the "Black Flysch" of the Szlachtowa and Opaleniec formations may be related to the Early Cretaceous OAE 1

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Western Carpathians; Grajcarek thrust-sheets; black flysch; trace elements geochemistry

• Wydawca: Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
• Czasopismo: Geological Quarterly
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: Vol. 56, No 1
• Strony: 169--186
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 65 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Wójcik-Tabol P.

autor

Oszczypko N.

• Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Oleandry 2a, 30-063, Kraków, Poland,

Bibliografia

• 1.ARTHUR M. A. and PREMOLI SILVA I. (1982) - Development of widespread organic carbon-rich strata in the Mediterranean Tethys. In: Nature and Origin of Cretaceous Carbon-Rich Facies (eds. S. O. Schlanger and M. B. Cita): 7-54. Academic Press, London.
• 2.ARTHUR M. A., BRUMSACK H. J., JENKYNS H. C. and SCHLANGER S. O. (1990) - Stratigraphy, geochemistry and paleoceanography of organic carbon-rich Cretaceous sequences. In: Cretaceous Resources, Events and Rhythms (eds. R. N. Ginsburg and B. Beaugoin): 75-119. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
• 3.BĄK K. (2007) - Environmental changes during the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event in the Outer Carpathian Basins: a synthesis of data from various tectonic-facies units. Ann. Soc. Geol. Pol., 77: 171-191.
• 4.BHATIAM. R. and CROOK K. A. W. (1986) - Trace element characteristics of graywackes and tectonic discrimination of sedimentary basins. Contrib. Miner. Petrol., 92: 181-193.
• 5.BELLANCA A., MASETTI D. andNERI R. (1997) - Rare earth elements in limestone/marlstone couplets from the Albian-Cenomanian section (Venetian region, northern Italy): assessing REE sensitivity to environmental changes. Chem. Geol., 141 (3-4): 141-152.
• 6.BERNOULLI D. (1972) - North Atlantic and Mediterranean Mesozoic facies: a comparison. Initial Rep. Deep Sea Drill. Proj. (eds. C. D. Hollister, J. I. Ewing etal.), 11: 801-871.
• 7.BIRKENMAJER K. (1977) - Jurassic and Cretaceous lithostratigraphic units of the Pieniny Klippen Belt, Carpathians, Poland (in Polish with English summary). Stud. Geol. Pol., 45.
• 8.BIRKENMAJER K. (1979) - Przewodnik geologiczny po pienińskim pasie skałkowym. Wyd. Geol., Warszawa.
• 9.BIRKENMAJER K. and OSZCZYPKO N. (1989) - Cretaceous and Palaeogene lithostratigraphic units in the Magura Nappe, Krynica Subunit, Carpathians (in Polish with English summary). Ann. Soc. Geol. Pol., 59 (1-2): 145-181.
• 10.BIRKENMAJER K. and LORENC M. W. (2008) - Lower Cretaceous exotic intraplate basaltoid olistolith from Biała Woda, Pieniny Klippen Belt, Poland: geochemistry and provenance. Stud. Geol. Pol., 131: 237-246.
• 11.BIRKENMAJER K., GEDL P., MYCZYŃSKIR. and TYSZKA J. (2008) -"Cretaceous Black Flysch" in the Pieniny Klippen Belt, West Carpathians, a case of geological misinterpretation. Cretaceous Res., 29 (3): 535-549.
• 12.BRALOWER T. J., SLITER W. V., ARTHUR M. A., LECKIE R. M., ALLARD D. and SCHLANGER S. O. (1993) - Dysoxic/anoxic episodes in the Aptian/Albian (Early Cretaceous). In: The Mesozoic Pacific: Geology, Tectonics and Volcanism (eds. M. S. Pringle, W. W. Sager, W. V. Sliter and S. Stein). Am. Geoph. Union, Monograph, 73: 5-37.
• 13.BRUMSACK H. J. (1980) - Geochemistry of Cretaceous black shales from the Atlantic Ocean (DSDP Legs 11,14,36,41). Chem. Geol., 31: 1-25.
• 14.BRUMSACK H. J. (2006) - The trace metal content of recent organic carbon-rich sediments: implications for Cretaceous black shale formation. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimat. Palaeoecol., 232: 344-361.
• 15.CHAMLEY H. (1989) - Clay sedimentology. Springer, Berlin.
• 16.CONDIE K. C. (1991) - Another look at rare earth elements in shales. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 55 (9): 2527-2531.
• 17.COX R., LOW D. R. and CULLERS R. (1995) - The influence of sediment recycling and basement composition on evolution of mudrock chemistry in the Southwestern United States. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 59: 2919-2940.
• 18.CULLERS R. L. (2000) - The geochemistry of shales, siltstones and sandstones of Pennsylvanian-Permian age, Colorado, U.S.A.: implications for provenance and metamorphic studies. Lithos, 51: 305-327.
• 19.FEDO C., NESBITT H. and YOUNG G. (1995) - Unraveling the effects of potassium metasomatism in sedimentary rocks and paleosols, with implications for paleoweathering conditions and provenance. Geology, 23: 921-924.
• 20.GARCIA D., COEHLO J. and PERRIN M. (1991) - Fractionation between TiO2 and Zr as a measure of sorting within shale and sandstone series (northern Portugal). Europ. J. Miner., 3: 401-414.
• 21.GOLONKA J. and RĄCZKOWSKI W. (1984a) - Objaínienia do szczegłowej mapy geologicznej Polski w skali 1:50 000, ark. Piwniczna. Inst. Geol., Warszawa.
• 22.GOLONKA J. and RĄCZKOWSKI W. (1984b) - Szczegłowa mapa geologiczna Polski w skali, 1:50 000, ark. Piwniczna. Inst. Geol., Warszawa.
• 23.GOLONKA J., OSZCZYPKO N. and ŚLĄCZKA A. (2000) - Late Carbon-iferous-Neogene geodynamic evolution and paleogeography of the circum-Carpathian region and adjacent areas. Ann. Soc. Geol. Pol., 70: 107-136.
• 24.GOLONKA J., KROBICKI M., WAŚKOWSKA A., MATYASIK I., PAUKEN R., BOCHAROVA N. J., EDRICH M. and WILDHARBER J. (2009) - Source rock prediction value: world provinces during late Jurassic-Earliest Cretaceous times and position of West Carpathians in SRPV prediction. Ann. Soc. Geol. Pol., 79: 195-211.
• 25.HOFMANN P., RICKEN W., SCHWARK L. and LEYTHAEUSER D. (2001) - Geochemical signature and related climatic-oceanographic processes for early Albian black shales: Site 417D, North Atlantic Ocean. Cretaceous Res., 22: 243-257.
• 26.HORWITZ L. (1929) - Sur la geologie de la Zone Pienine des Klippes (Carpates Polonaises). II Zjazd Geografów i Etnografów Słowiańskich, Pamiętnik, Kraków, 1: 321-326.
• 27.HU X. M., JANSA L., WANG C. S., SARTIM., BAK K., WAGREICH M., MICHALIK J. and SOTAK J. (2005) - Upper Cretaceous oceanic red beds (CORBs) in the Tethys: occurrences, lithofacies, age, and environments. Cretaceous Res., 26: 3-20.
• 28.JENKYNS H. C. (1980) - Cretaceous anoxic events: from continents to oceans. J. Geol. Soc., 137: 171-188.
• 29.JIANG S. Y., JANSA L., SKUPIEN P., YANG J. H., VASICEK Z., HU X. and ZAO K.D.(2009)- Geochemistry of intercalated red and gray pelagic shales from the Mazak formation of Cenomanian age in Czech Republic. Episodes, 32: 3-12.
• 30.KROBICKI M., GOLONKA J., LEWANDOWSKI M., MICHALIK M., OSZCZYPKO N., POPADYUK I. and SLABY E. (2004) - Volcanism of the Jurassic-Cretaceous triplejunction zone in the Eastern Carpathians. Geolines, 17: 124-161.
• 31.KROBICKI M., OSZCZYPKO N., SALATA D. and GOLONKA J. (2008) - Intra-plate alkaline volcanism in the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Eastern Carpathians, Ukraine). In: SlovTec08. Proc. Excur. Guide (eds. Z. Németh and D. Plašienka): 73-74. State Geol. Inst. D. Stur, Bratislava.
• 32.KSIĄŻKIEWICZ M., ed. (1962) - Geological atlas of Poland. Strati-graphic and facial problems. Fasc. 13 - Cretaceous and early Tertiary in the Polish External Carpathians. Inst. Geol., Warszawa.
• 33.KSIĄŻKIEWICZ M. (1977) - The tectonics of the Carpathians. In: Geology of Poland: 476-620. Inst. Geol., Warszawa.
• 34.KOVAČ M., NAGYMAROSY A., OSZCZYPKO N., ŚLĄCZKA A., CSONTOS L., MARUNTEANU M., MATENCO L. and MARTON E. (1998) - Palinspastic reconstruction of the Carpathian-Pannonian region during the Miocene. In: Geodynamic Development of the Western Carpathias (ed. M. Rakus): 189-217. Slovak Geol. Surv., Bratislava.
• 35.KRAWCZYK A. and SŁOMKA T. (1986) - Development and sedimentology of the Szlachtowa Formation (Jurassic) eastward from Szczawnica, Grajcarek Succession, Pieniny Klippen Belt. Stud. Geol. Pol., 88: 33-134.
• 36.KRAWCZYK A. and SŁOMKA T. (1987) - Exotics from the Szlachtowa Formation of the Pieniny Klippen Belt, Carpathians. Stud. Geol. Pol., 92: 69-74.
• 37.ŁOZIŃSKI J. (1956) - Les mineraux lourds des gres exotiques (jurassiques) de Bachowice (Karpates Occidentales) (in Polish with French summary). Rocz. Pol. Tow. Geol., 26 (1): 157-164.
• 38.ŁOZIŃSKI J. (1959) - Les mineraux lourds des gres du Cretace inferieur et moyen dans les Klippers des Pieniny (in Polish with French summary). Rocz. Pol. Tow. Geol., 29 (1): 119-125.
• 39.ŁOZIŃSKI J. (1966) - Les mineraux clastiques dans les gres flyscheux de la zone des klippes Pienines et des terrains avoisinantes (in Polish with French summary). Pr. Geol. Komis. Nauk Geol. PAN, 37: 1-72.
• 40.McLENNAN S. M., HEMMING S., McDANIEL D. K. and HANSON G. N. (1993) - Geochemical approaches to sedimentation, provenance and tectonics. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap., 284: 21-40.
• 41.NATH B. N., ROELANDTS I., SUDHAKAR M. and PLUEGER W. L. (1992) - Rare earth element patterns of the Central Indian Basin sediments related to their lithology. Geoph. Res. Lett., 19: 1197-1200.
• 42.NEUHUBER S. and WAGREICH M. (2011) - Geochemistry of Cretaceous Oceanic Red Beds - a synthesis. Sediment. Geol., 235: 72-78.
• 43.NESBITT H. and YOUNG G. (1982) - Early Proterozoic climates and plate motions inferred from major element chemistry of lutites. Nature, 299: 715-717.
• 44.NESBITT H., MARKOVICS G. and PRICE R. (1980) - Chemical processes affecting alkalis and alkaline earths during continental weathering. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 44: 1659-1666.
• 45.OSZCZYPKO N. (2004) - The structural position and tectonosedimentary evolution of the Polish Outer Carpathians. Prz. Geol., 8 (2): 780-791.
• 46.OSZCZYPKO N. (2006) - Late Jurassic-Miocene evolution of the Outer Carpathian fold-and-thrust belt and its foredeep basin (Western Carpathians, Poland). Geol. Quart., 50 (1): 169-194.
• 47.OSZCZYPKO N. and SALATA D. (2005) - Provenance analyses of the Late Cretaceous-Palaeocene deposits of the Magura Basin (Polish Western Carpathians) - evidence from the heavy minerals study. Acta Geol. Pol., 55 (3): 237-267.
• 48.OSZCZYPKO N. and OSZCZYPKO-CLOWES M. (2009) - Stages in the Magura Basin: a case study of the Polish sector (Western Carpathians). Geodinam. Acta, 22 (1-3): 83-100.
• 49.OSZCZYPKO N. and OSZCZYPKO-CLOWES M. (2010) - The Paleogene and Early Neogene stratigraphy of the Beskid Sądecki Range and Lubovnianska Vrchovina (Magura Nappe, Western Carpathians). Acta Geol. Pol., 60: 317-348.
• 50.OSZCZYPKO N., MALATA E., SVABENICKÁ L., GOLONKA J. and MARKO F. (2004) - Jurassic-Cretaceous controversies in the Western Carpathian Flysch, the "Black Flysch" case study. Cretaceous Res., 25 (1): 89-113.
• 51.SCHLANGER S. O. and CITAM. B. (1982) -Nature and Origin of Cretaceous Carbon-rich Facies. Acad. Press, London.
• 52.SCHLANGER S. O. and JENKYNS H. C. (1976) - Cretaceous oceanic anoxic events: Causes and consequences. Geol. Mijn., 55: 179-184.
• 53.SIKORA W. (1962) - Nowe dane o stratygrafii magurskiej w okolicy szczawnicy. Kwart. Geol., 6 (4): 805-806.
• 54.SPIŠIAK J., BUCOVÁ J., PLAŠIENKA D. and MIKUŠ T. (2008) - Cretaceous alkali volcanites in the Chmielova region (Vršatec klippen area Pieniny Klippen Belt, Western Carpathians). In: SlovTec08. Proc. Excur. Guide (eds. Z. Németh and D. Plašienka): 124-125. State Geol. Inst. D. Stur, Bratislava.
• 55.SPIŠIAK J., PLAŠIENKA D., BUCOVÁ J., MIKUŠ T. and UHER P. (2011)- Petrology and palaeotectonic setting of Cretaceous alkaline basaltic volcanism in the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Western Carpathians, Slovakia). Geol. Quart., 55 (1): 27-48.
• 56.ŚLĄCZKA A. and KAMIŃSKIM. (1998) - A guidebook to excursions in the Polish Flysch Carpathians. Grzybowski Found. Spec. Publ., 6.
• 57.TAYLOR S. R. and McLENNAN S. M. (1985) - The continental crust: its composition and evolution. Blackwell, Oxford.
• 58.TURGEON S. and BRUMSACK H. J. (2006) - Anoxic vs dysoxic events reflected in sediment geochemistry during the Cenomanian-Turonian Boundary Event (Cretaceous) in the Umbria-Marche Basin of central Italy. Chem. Geol., 234: 321-339.
• 59.WANG C., HU X., HUANG Y. and WAGREICH M. (2011) - Cretaceous oceanic red beds as possible consequence of oceanic anoxic events. Sediment. Geol., 235 (1-2): 27-37.
• 60.WINKLER W. and ŚLĄCZKA A. (1992) - Sediment dispersal and provenance in the Silesian, Dukla and Magura flysch nappes (Outer Carpathians, Poland). Geol Rundsch., 81: 371-382.
• 61.WINKLER W. and ŚLĄCZKA A. (1994) - A geodynamic model for the Western Carpathians in Poland (Late Cretaceous-Paleogene). Geol. Carpath., 45:71-82.
• 62.WÓJCIK-TABOL P. (2006) - Organic carbon accumulation events in the mid-Cretaceous rocks of the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Polish Carpathians) - a petrological and geochemical approach. Geol. Quart., 50 (4): 419-437.
• 63.WÓJCIK-TABOL P. and ŚLĄCZKA A. (2009) - Provenance of siliciclastic and organic material based on geochemical indices in the Albian-Turonian sediments - preliminary studies from Lanckorona Area in the Silesian Nappe, Polish Outer Carpathians. Ann. Soc. Geol. Pol., 79: 53-66.
• 64.WÓJCIK-TABOL P. and OSZCZYPKO N. (2010)-Relationship between the ?Cretaceous "black shales"; and Cretaceous Oceanic Red Beds of the Grajcarek Succession - a geochemical approach (Pieniny Klippen Belt, West Carpathians, Poland). Scientific Annals, School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thesaloniki, Proceedings XIX Congress of the Carpathian-Balkan Geological Association (CBGA2010), 100: 249-258.