Testate amoebae (protists) as palaeoenvironmental indicators in peatlands

Lamentowicz, M.; Mitchell, E. A. D.

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Testate amoebae (protists) as palaeoenvironmental indicators in peatlands

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Lamentowicz M. , Mitchell E. A. D.

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Testate amoebae (or testaceans, Testacea, Arcellaceans) are unicellular eukaryotic organisms living in freshwater or most terrestrial habitats such as soils, mosses, lakes, rivers, as well as brackish habitats such as estuaries. They are very abundant in Sphagnum mosses, where they live in the top part of mosses and the oxygenated part of the peat. The tests (shells) of Testacea are well preserved in peat and to a lesser extent in lake sediments. Efforts should be concentrated on constructing reliable regional transfer functions (mathematical representation of relation of species to environmental variables - presence of particular taxa in fossil material is the function of past environmental parameters), as they exist for some world areas, and there is a complete lack of them for central Europe. Polish data are exceptionally important because Poland is under several contrasted climatic influences - from oceanic to continental. The comparison of our data on climatic tendencies with those from Western Europe and the rest of the world will show how similar or different the responses of Polish peatlands might be. The paper has three aims: (a) to present the need for ecological studies on testate amoebae in Central Europe, (b) to show the potential of reconstruction of past environment on the basis of multiproxy studies that include testate amoebae as an integral part of the palaeoecology toolbox and (c) to put our research efforts on testate amoebae in Poland in a more global perspective.

Ameby skorupkowe (Testacea) to jednokomórkowe organizmy, które żyją w środowiskach słodkowodnych, w większości siedlisk lądowych (glebie, mszakach, jeziorach, rzekach) oraz w siedliskach słonawych (np. w ujściowych partiach rzek). Testacea występują licznie w mchach torfowcach (Sphagnum), gdzie zasiedlają ich górną część oraz natleniony stropowy fragment torfu. Skorupki ameb dobrze zachowują sie w torfie oraz w mniejszym stopniu w osadach jeziornych. Główny wysiłek powinien być skoncentrowany na budowaniu regionalnych funkcji transferu (transfer function; matematyczny obraz relacji organizmu w stosunku do środowiska -obecność poszczególnych taksonów w materiale kopalnym jest funkcją przeszłych parametrów środowiskowych). Dla kilku obszarów już one powstały, ale brak tego rodzaju danych dla centralnej części Europy. Polskie dane są wyjątkowo istotne, ponieważ obszar ten znajduje się pod wpływem różnych wpływów klimatycznych - od klimatu oceanicznego do kontynentalnego. Porównanie naszych danych z informacjami z innych stanowisk w Europie i na świecie może wykazać, w jak odmienny sposób reagują polskie torfowiska na zmiany klimatyczne. Artykuł ma trzy cele: (a) zaprezentowanie potrzeby badań ekologii ameb skorupkowych w Europie centralnej, (b) przedstawienie potencjału rekonstrukcji paleośrodowisk na bazie wielu wskaźników, gdzie ameby skorupkowe stanowią integralną część metod badań paleoekologii i (c) zaprezentowanie naszych badań nad Testacea w Polsce w szerszej, globalnej perspektywie.

Słowa kluczowe

Sphagnum-dominated peatlands Testate amoebae protozoa transfer function pollen analysis Holocene palaeoecology hydrology climate Tuchola Pinewoods

torfowiska mszarne (Sphagnum) ameby skorupkowe Protozoa funkcja transferu analiza pyłkowa holocen paleoekologia hydrologia klimat Bory Tucholskie

Wydawca

Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Czasopismo

Polish Geological Institute Special Papers

Rocznik

2005

Tom

Vol. 16

Strony

58--64

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 79 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Lamentowicz M.

mariuszl@amu.edu.pl

Department of Biogeography and Palaeoecology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Fredry 10, 61-701 Poznan, Poland

autor

Mitchell E. A. D.

edward.mitchell@epfl.ch

Laboratoire des Systèmes Écologique — ECOS — École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut Fédéral de Recherches WSL, Antenne Romande, Case postale 96, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

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