Tytuł artykułu
Wybrane pełne teksty z tego czasopisma
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
The occurrence of algae on the Sopot beach was investigated from 2004 to 2006 from the beach management point of view. Various methods were applied in an attempt to understand the mechanisms underlying the accumulation of algae on the shoreline. They included daily observations of the occurrence of macrophyta on the beach, absorption measurements of acetone extracts of the particulate matter in the seawater, the collection of macrophyta and phytoplankton samples for biomass and taxonomic identification, and determination of the degree of decomposition on the basis of chloropigment analyses. The results were related to the environmental conditions: meteorological data and the physico-chemical parameters of the seawater. The biomass recorded on the beach consisted mainly of macroalgae and a small proportion of sea grass (Zostera marina). The phytoplankton biomass consisted mainly of dinoflagellates, diatoms, cyanobacteria, euglenoids and cryptophytes. The conclusions to be drawn from this work are that the occurrence of huge amounts of macrophyta amassing on the Sopot beach depends on the combined effect of high solar radiation in spring and summer, high-strength (velocity × frequency) south-westerly winds in May-September, followed by northerly winds, bringing the macrophyta from Puck Bay on to the Sopot beach. At the same time, their abundance along the beach varies according to the shape and height of the shore, the wind strength and the local wind-driven seawater currents. According to estimates, from 2.2-4.4 × 102 tons (dry weight) of macrophyta can be moved on to the Sopot beach in one hour. In October, strong south-easterly winds can also transport huge amounts of decomposing biomass onshore. The phytoplankton content in the total biomass is negligible, even though at low concentrations its biological activity may be considerable. The intensive phytoplankton blooms observed on the Sopot beach in summer are not always caused by cyanobacteria.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
233--262
Opis fizyczny
bibliogr. 44 poz., fot., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
autor
autor
autor
autor
- Marine Pollution Laboratory, Institute of Oceanology,Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, PL-81-712 Sopot, Poland;, Kowalewska@iopan.gda.pl
Bibliografia
- 1.Alström-Rapaport C., Leskinen E., 2002, Development of microsatellite markers in the green algae Enteromorpha intestinalis (Chlorophyta), Mol. Ecol. Notes, 2 (4), 581-583.
- 2.Arévalo R., Pinedo S., Ballesteros E., 2007, Changes in the composition and structure of Mediterranean rocky-shore communities following a gradient of nutrient enrichment: descriptive study and test of proposed methods to assess water quality regarding macroalgae, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 55 (1-6), 104-113.
- 3.Ballesteros E., Torras X., Pinedo S., Garcıa M., Mangialajo L., de Torres M., 2007, A new methodology based on littoral community cartography dominated by macroalgae for the implementation of the European Water Framework Directive, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 55 (1-6), 172-180.
- 4.Berglund J., Mattila J., Rönnberg O., Heikkilä J., Bonsdorff E., 2003, Seasonal and inter-annual variation in occurrence and biomass of rooted macrophytes and drift algae in shallow bays, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 56 (5-6), 1167-1175.
- 5.Ciszewski P., Kruk-Dowgiałło L., Andrulewicz E., 1991, A study on pollution of the Puck Lagoon and possibility of restoring the Lagoon's original state, Acta Ichthyol. Pisc., 21 (Suppl.), 29-37.
- 6.Dz.U Nr 162, poz. 1008 - Rozp. Min. Środ., 20.08.2008, Polish regulation - water policy, classification of the state of surface waters, (in Polish).
- 7.Dz.U Nr 183, poz. 1530 - Rozp. Min. Środ., 16.10.2002, Polish regulation - bathing water quality, (in Polish).
- 8.Edler L. (ed.), 1979, Recommendations on methods for marine biological studies in the Baltic Sea. Phytoplankton and chlorophyll, Balt. Mar. Biol. Publ. No. 5, 1-38.
- 9.EU WFD (The EU Water Frame Directive), 2000, Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy, EU WFD.
- 10.Feistel R., Nausch G., Wasmund N. (eds.), 2008, State and evolution of the Baltic Sea 1952-2005: a detailed 50-year survey of meteorology and climate, physics, chemistry, biology, and marine environment, JohnWiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NewJ ersey, 703 pp.
- 11.Filipkowska A., Lubecki L., Szymczak-Żyła M., Kowalewska G., Żbikowski R., Szefer P., 2008, Utilisation of macroalgae from the Sopot beach (Baltic Sea), Oceanologia, 50 (2), 255-273.
- 12.Finni T., Kononen K., Olsonen R., Wallström K., 2001, The history of cyanobacterial blooms in the Baltic Sea, AMBIO: J. Human Environ., 30(4), 172-178.
- 13.Grasshoff K., 1976, Methods of seawater analysis, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, New York, 317 pp.
- 14.Hällfors G., 2004, Checklist of Baltic Sea phytoplankton species, Balt. Sea Environ. Proc., 95, 5-208.
- 15.HELCOM, 1997, Manual for marine monitoring in the COMBINE programme of HELCOM, Part C. Programme for monitoring of eutrophication and its effects, Annex C-6: Phytoplankton species composition, abundance and biomass, Balt. Mar. Environ. Prot. Commiss., Helsinki, C6-1-C6-8, 22 pp.
- 16.HELCOM, 2006, Development of tools for assessment of eutrophication in the Baltic Sea, Baltic Sea Environ. Proc., 104, 64 pp.
- 17.HELCOM, 2007, Towards a Baltic Sea unaffected by eutrophication, HELCOM Overview 2007, HELCOM Ministerial Meeting, 15 November 2007, Kraków, Poland, 35 pp.
- 18.IMGW, 1998, Environmental conditions in the Polish zone of the southern Baltic Sea in 1997, B. Cyberska, Z. Lauer & A. Trzosińska (eds.), Mater. Oddz. Mor. Inst. Meteorol. Gosp. Wod., Gdynia, 269 pp., (in Polish).
- 19.IMGW, 2000, Environmental conditions in the Polish zone of the southern Baltic Sea in 1999, W. Krzymiński, E. Łysiak-Pastuszak & M. Miętus (eds.), Mater. Oddz. Mor. Inst. Meteorol. Gosp. Wod., Gdynia, (in Polish with English summary), 300 pp.
- 20.Jeffrey S.W., Mantoura R. F.C., Wright S.W., 1997, Phytoplankton pigments in oceanography: guidelines to modern methods, UNESCO Publ., Paris, 661 pp.
- 21.Kowalewska G., 2005, Algal pigments in sediments as a measure of eutrophication in the Baltic environment, Quatern. Int., 130 (1), 141-151.
- 22.Kruk-Dowgiałło L., 1996, The role of filamentous brown algae in degradation of the underwater meadows of the Gulf of Gdańsk, Oceanol. Stud., 25 (1-2), 125-135.
- 23.Kruk-Dowgiałło L., 1998, Phytobenthos as an indicator of state of environment of the Gulf of Gdańsk, Oceanol. Stud., 27 (4), 105-121.
- 24.Lotze H.K., Schramm W., Schories D., Worm B., 1999, Control of macroalgal blooms at early developmental stages: Pilayella littoralis versus Enteromorpha spp., Oecologia, 119 (1), 46-54.
- 25.Mackiewicz T., 1991, Composition and seasonal changes of nanoflagellates in the Gdańsk Basin (Southern Baltic), Acta Ichthyol. Pisc., 21 (Suppl.), 125-134.
- 26.Martin G., 2005, BSRP training workshop on phytobenthos monitoring methods, BSRP training workshop Report, K˜oiguste field station, 23-27 May 2005, Laimjala, Estonia, 50 pp.
- 27.Massel S.R., 2007, Ocean waves breaking and marine aerosol fluxes, Atmos. Oceanogr. Sci. Libr. 38, Springer, NewY ork, 328 pp.
- 28.Norkko J., Bonsdorff E., Norkko A., 2000, Drifting algal mats as an alternative habitat for benthic invertebrates: species specific responses to a transient resource, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 248 (1), 79-104.
- 29.Ochocki S., Nakonieczny J., Chmielowski H., Zalewski M., 1995, The hydrochemical and biological impact of the river Vistula on the pelagic system of the Gulf of Gdańsk in 1994. Part 2. Primary production and chlorophyll a, Oceanologia, 37 (2), 207-226.
- 30.Pająk G., 2003, Formation of phytoplankton in the first years of existence of the water supplying reservoir (southern Poland) against the background of increased eutrophication process, Ocean. Hydrobiol. Stud., 32 (4), 5-77.
- 31.PankowH ., Kell V., Wasmund N., Zander B., 1990, Ostsee-Algenflora, G. Fischer Verlag, Jena, 648 pp.
- 32.Pliński M., 1995, Phytoplankton of the Gulf of Gdańsk in 1992 and 1993, Oceanologia, 37 (1), 123-135.
- 33.Raffaelli D., 2000, Interactions between macro-algal mats and invertebrates in the Ythan estuary, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, Helgoland Mar. Res., 54 (2-3), 71-79.
- 34.Salovius S., Bonsdorff E., 2004, Effects of depth, sediment and grazers on the degradation of drifting filamentous algae (Cladophora glomerata and Pilayella littoralis), J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 298 (1), 93-109.
- 35.Scanlan C.M., Foden J., Wells E., Best M.A., 2007, The monitoring of opportunistic macroalgal blooms fort he water framework directive, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 55 (1-6), 162-171.
- 36.Sfriso A., Facca C., Ghett P.F., 2009, Validation of the Macrophyte Quality Index (MaQI) set up to assess the ecological status of Italian marine transitional environments, Hydrobiologia, 617 (1), 117-141.
- 37.Stoń J., Kosakowska A., 2000, Qualitative and quantitative analysis of Baltic phytoplankton pigments, Oceanologia, 42 (4), 449-471.
- 38.Szymczak-Żyła M., Kowalewska G., 2007, Chloropigments a in the Gulf of Gdańsk (Baltic Sea) as markers of the state of this environment, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 55 (10-12), 512-528.
- 39.Szymczak-Żyła M., Louda J.W., Kowalewska G., 2008, Comparison of extraction and HPLC methods for marine sedimentary chloropigment determinations, J. Liq. Chromatogr. R. T., 31 (8), 1162-1180.
- 40.Wasmund N., 1997, Occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms in the Baltic Sea in relation to environmental conditions, Int. Rev. Ges. Hydrobio., 82(2), 169-184.
- 41.Wasmund N., Nausch G., Matthäus W., 1998, Phytoplankton spring blooms in the southern Baltic Sea - spatio-temporal development and long-term trends, J. Plankton Res., 20 (6), 1099-1117.
- 42.Wasmund N., Nausch G., Postel L., Witek Z., Zalewski M., Gromisz S., Łysiak-Pastuszak E., Olenina I., Kavolyte R., Jasinskaite A., Mィuller-Karulis B., Ikauniece A., Andrushaitis A., Ojaveer H., Kallaste K., Jaanus A., 2000, Trophic status of coastal and open areas of the south-eastern Baltic Sea based on nutrient and phytoplankton data from 1993-1997, Meereswiss. Ber., 38, 83 pp.
- 43.WIOŚ (Wojewódzki Inspektorat Ochrony Środowiska), 2008, Raport o stanie środowiska w województwie pomorskim w 2007 roku, ("Report on state of the environment in the Pomerania voivodship in 2007"), Biblioteka Monitoringu Środowiska, Gdańsk, 140 pp.
- 44.Witek Z., Ochocki S., Nakonieczny J., Podgórska B., Drgas A., 1999, Primary production and decomposition of organic matter in the epipelagic zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk, the estuary of the Vistula, ICES J. Mar. Sci., 56 (Suppl.), 3-14.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BUS5-0020-0036