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The role of air masses on iron concentrations in wet atmospheric deposition over the urbanized coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk

Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
This paper describes the role of air masses in transporting iron to the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdansk. Fe(II) concentrations in rainfall were measured between 19th January and 30th November 2005 in Gdynia, during which time they varied from 0.74 žmol dm-3 to 97.45 žmol dm-3. The relationship between iron concentrations and precipitation amount, including during preceding rainless periods, was calculated. The effectiveness of washing iron out of the atmosphere is described by the exponential function of precipitation duration. Air masses arriving from west of the area transport terrigenous iron to the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk, while anthropogenic sources in Western Europe and Pomerania hardly affected the iron concentrations.
Rocznik
Strony
21--37
Opis fizyczny
bibliogr. 19 poz., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
autor
  • Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk Al. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland, lucy@ocean.univ.gda.pl
Bibliografia
  • Achterberg E.P., Holland T.W., Bowie A.R., Mantoura R.F., Worsfold P.J., 2001, Determination of iron in seawater, Anal. Chim. Acta, 442: 1-14
  • Das R., Das S.N., Misra V.N., 2005, Chemical composition of rainwater and dustfall at Bhubaneswar in the east coast of India, Atmos. Environ., 39: 5908-16
  • Draxler R.R., Rolph G.D., 2003, HYSPLIT (Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) Model Access via NOAA ARL READY website, NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD, http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready/hysplit4.html
  • Duce R.A., Tindale N.W., 1991, Atmospheric transport of iron and its deposition in the ocean, Limnol. Oceanogr., 36(8): 1715-26
  • Dunajska D., Falkowska L., Siudek P., Sikorowicz G., Lewandowska A. et al., 2006, Iron wet deposition in the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk (Poland), Pol. J. Environ. Stud., 15(1): 53-60
  • Falkowska L., Lewandowska A., Magoński J., 2004, Marine boundary laser-transfer of chemical substances (mabla-trans) [in:] The air protection - theory and practice, Eds. Konieczyński J., Zarzycki R., Zabrze, Instytut Podstaw Inżynierii Środowiska PAN, pp. 107-14 (in Polish with English Sumary)
  • Hanson A.K., Tindale N.W., Abdel-Moati M.A.R., 2001, An Equatorial rain event: influence on the distribution of iron and hydrogen peroxide in surface waters, Mar. Chem., 75: 69-88
  • Kieber R.J., Williams K., Willey J.D., Skrabal S., Avery Jr. G.B., 2001a, Iron speciation in coastal rainwater: concentration and deposition to seawater, Mar. Chem., 73: 83-95
  • Kieber R.J., Peake B., Willey J.D., Jacobs B., 2001b, Iron speciation and hydrogen peroxide concentrations in New Zealand rainwater, Atmos. Environ., 35: 6041-48
  • Kieber R.J., Willey J.D., Avery Jr. G.B., 2003, Temporal variability of rainwater iron speciation at the Bermuda Atlantic Time Series Station, J. Geophys. Res., 108(C8): 1-7
  • Kosakowska A., 1999, Wpływ żelaza i wybranych związków organicznych na fitoplankton bałtycki, Sopot, Inst. Oceanol. PAN, 1-160 (in Polish)
  • Lewandowska J., Kosakowska A., 2004, Effects of iron limitation on cells of the diatom Cyclotella Meneghiniana Kützing, Oceanol., 46(2): 269-87
  • Millero F.J., Yao W., Aicher J., 1995, The speciation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) in natural waters, Mar. Chem., 50: 21-39
  • Öztürk M., Croot P.L., Bertilsson S., Abrahamsson K., Karlson B., et al., 2004, Iron enrichment and photoreduction of iron under UV and PAR in the presence of hydroxycarboxylic acid: implications for phytoplankton growth in the Southern Ocean, Deep-Sea Res. II, 51: 2841-56
  • Paczuska L., Kosakowska A., 2003, Is iron a limiting factor of Nodularia spumigena blooms?, Oceanol., 45(4): 679-92
  • Pempkowiak J., Chiffoleau J., Staniszewski A., 2000, The vertical and horizontal distribution of selected trace metals in the Baltic Sea off Poland, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sc., 51: 115-25
  • Rolph G.D., 2003, Real-time Environmental Applications and Display sYstem (READY) website, NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD, http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready/hysplit4.html
  • Stookey L.L., 1970, Ferrozine: A new spectrophotometric reagent for iron, Anal. Chem., 42: 779-81
  • Willey J.D., Kieber R.J., Williams K.H., Crozier J.S., Skrabal S.A., Avery Jr. G.B., 2000, Temporal variability of iron speciation in coastal rainwater, J. Atmos. Chem., 37: 185-205
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BUS5-0012-0009
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