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Abstrakty
In the Baltic Proper, the mean circulation is too weak to explain the fast southward spreading of the so-called juvenile freshwater trapped by the seasonal thermocline in the summer season. Improved knowledge of the spatial and temporal scales of the velocity field is needed to better model dispersion. Spatial and temporal scales are investigated using some large historic data sets. Inertial oscillations are almost always present in the Baltic Proper, irrespective of wind conditions and mixed layer thicknesses. Analyses of the coherence in one data set reveal that the inertial oscillations have a horizontal coherence scale of 10-20 km under the conditions experienced during those measurements. Transient eddies and basin-scale modes with weaker periodicity are also indicated in our data sets. A tentative wavenumber spectrum is constructed for the Baltic Proper.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
477--503
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 38 poz., mapa, rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Department of Oceanography, Gothenburg University, Box 460, SE-405-30 Göteborg, Sweden, sine@oce.gu.se
Bibliografia
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- [4] Drinkwater K. F., Loder J. W., 2001, Near-surface horizontal convergence and dispersion near the tidal-mixing front on northeastern Georges Bank, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 48, 311-339.
- [5] Eilola K., 1997, Development of a spring thermocline at temperatures below the temperature of maximum density with application to the Baltic Sea, J. Geophys. Res., 102 (C4), 8657-8662.
- [6] Eilola K., Stigebrandt A., 1998, Spreading of juvenile freshwater in the Baltic Proper, J. Geophys. Res., 103 (C12), 27795-27807.
- [7] Emery W. J., Thompson R. E., 1997, Data analysis methods in physical oceanography, 2nd edn., Elsevier, Amsterdam, 638 pp.
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- [9] Fennel W., Seifert T., Kayser B., 1991, Rossby radii and phase speeds in the Baltic Sea, Cont. Shelf Res., 11 (1), 23-36.
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- [12] Gustafson T., Kullenberg G., 1933, Inertia currents in the Baltic, Nature, 131 (3312), 586-587.
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- [14] Holt J. T., Proctor R., 2001, Dispersion in shallow seas, [chap. in:] Encyclopedia of ocean sciences, J. H. Steele, S. A. Thorpe & K. K. Turekian (eds.), Vol. 2, pp. 742-747, Acad. Press, San Diego.
- [15] ICES, 1989, Baltic Sea patchiness experiment – PEX ’86, ICES Coop. Res. Rep. No 163., Vols. 1 & 2.
- [16] Joseph J., Sendner H., 1958, Über die horizonale Diffusion im Meere, Dt. Hydrogr. Z., 11 (2), 49-77.
- [17] KolmogorovA. N., 1941, On degeneration (decay) of isotropic turbulence in an incompressibla viscous liquid, Dokl. Nauk. SSSR, 31, 538-540.
- [18] Kullenberg G., 1972, Apparent horizontal diffusion in stratified vertical shear flow, Tellus, 24 (1), 17-28.
- [19] Kundu P. K., 1976, An analysis of inertial oscillations observed near Oregon coast, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 6, 879-893.
- [20] Kunze E., Sanford T. B., 1984, Observations of near-inertial waves in a front, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 14, 566-581.
- [21] Lawrence G. A., Ashley K. I., Yonemitsu N., Ellis J. R., 1995, Natural dispersion in a small lake, Limnol. Oceanogr., 40 (8), 1519-1526.
- [22] Lehmann A., 1995, A three-dimensional baroclinic eddy-resolving model of the Baltic Sea, Tellus, 47, 1013-1031.
- [23] Lehmann A., Krauss W., Hinrichsen H.-H., 2002, Effects of remote and local atmospheric forcing on circulation and upwelling in the Baltic Sea, Tellus, 54A, 299-316.
- [24] Levine M. D., Zervakis V., 1995, Near-inertial wave propagation into the pycnocline during ocean storms: Observations and model comparison, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 2890-2908.
- [25] Liljebladh B., Stigebrandt A., 2000, The contributions from the surface layer via internal waves to the energetics of deepwater mixing in the Baltic., Part of Ph.D. thesis, B. Liljebladh, Göteborg Univ.
- [26] McClimans T. A., Johannessen B. O., 1998, On the use of laboratory ocean circulation models to simulate mesoscale (10-100 km) spreading, Environ. Modell. Software, 13, 443-453.
- [27] Mooers C. N. K., 1973, A technique for the cross spectrum analysis of pairs of complex-valued time series, with emphasis on properties of polarized components and rotational invariants, Deep-Sea Res., 20, 1129-1141.
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- [29] Okubo A., Carter H. H., 1966, An extremely simplified model of the ‘shear effect’ on horizontal mixing in a bounded sea, J. Geophys. Res., 52-67.
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- [35] Schott F., Ehlers M., Hubrich L., Quadfasel D., 1978, Small-scale diffusion experiments in the Baltic surface-mixed layer under different weather conditions, Dt. Hydrogr. Z., 31 (6), 195-215.
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- [37] Stigebrandt A., Lass H.-U., Liljebladh B., Alenius P., Piechura J., Hietala R., Beszczynska A., 2002, Diamix-an experimental study of diapycnal deepwater mixing in the virtually tideless Baltic Sea, Boreal Environ. Res., 7, 363-369.
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Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BUS5-0011-0075