Spatio-temporal variations in hydro-physical and -chemical parameters during a major upwelling event off the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland in summer 2006

• Autorzy: Suursaar Ű. , Aps R.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The objective of the paper is to document and examine the major upwelling event that occurred along the northern coast of Estonia in August 2006. With a horizontal extension of 360 km, the event was caused by persistent easterlies and was noticed by a large number of holidaymakers, as it turned the temperature of the coastal sea to a chilly 5-10°C for about a month. In situ measurements from an RDCP current profiler revealed an along-wind coastal jet of up to 60 cm s-1 and a weak near-bottom countercurrent. The depths of the pycnocline and nutricline rose. The maximum drop in water temperature was 16°C, that of salinity was 3.6 PSU. Analysis of satellite images confirmed the large extension and the prominence of the event.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

upwelling; RDCP; recording Doppler current profiler; coastal jets; vertical fluxes; SST; sea surface temperature; satellite images; Baltic Sea

• Wydawca: Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology ; Elsevier
• Czasopismo: Oceanologia
• Rocznik: 2007
• Tom: No. 49 (2)
• Strony: 209--228
• Opis fizyczny: bibliogr. 29 poz., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Suursaar Ű.

autor

Aps R.

• Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Mäealuse 10a, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia,

Bibliografia

• [1].Alenius P., Myrberg K., NekrasovA ., 1998, The physical oceanography of the Gulf of Finland: a review, Boreal Environ. Res., 3 (2), 97-125.
• [2].Alenius P., NekrasovA ., Myrberg K., 2003, Variability of the baroclinic Rossby radius in the Gulf of Finland, Cont. Shelf Res., 23 (6), 563-573.
• [3].AndrejevO., Myrberg K., Alenius P., Lundberg P., 2004, Mean circulation and water exchange in the Gulf of Finland - a study based on three-dimensional modelling, Boreal Environ. Res., 9 (1), 1-16.
• [4].Astok V., Otsmann M., Suursaar ¨U., 1999, Water exchange as the main physical process in semi-enclosed marine systems: the Gulf of Riga case, Hydrobiologia, 393 (1), 11-18.
• [5].Bowden K.F., 1983, Physical oceanography of coastal water, Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester, 302 pp.
• [6].Bychkova I.A., Viktorov S.V., 1987, Use of satellite data for identification and classification of upwelling in the Baltic Sea, Oceanology, 27 (2), 158-162.
• [7].Deleersnijder E., 1989, Upwelling and upsloping in three-dimensional marine models, Appl. Math. Model., 13, 462-467.
• [8].Ennet P., Kuosa H., Tamsalu R., 2000, The influence of upwelling and entrainment on the algal bloomin the Baltic Sea, J. Marine Syst., 25 (3), 359-367.
• [9].Geyer W.R., 1993, Three-dimensional tidal flow around headlands, J. Geophys. Res., 98 (C1), 955-966.
• [10].Gidhagen L., 1987, Coastal upwelling in the Baltic Sea: satellite and in situ measurements of sea-surface temperature indicating coastal upwelling, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 24 (4), 449-462.
• [11].Gill A. E., Clarke A. J., 1974, Wind-induced upwelling, coastal currents and sealevel changes, Deep-Sea Res., 21, 325-345.
• [12].Haapala J., 1994, Upwelling and its influence on nutrient concentration in the coastal area of the Hanko Peninsula, entrance of the Gulf of Finland, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 38 (5), 507-521.
• [13].Jankowski A., 2002, Variability of coastal water hydrodynamics in the southern Baltic - hindcast modelling of an upwelling event along the Polish coast, Oceanologia, 44 (4), 395-418.
• [14].Kanarska Y., Maderich V., 2003, A non-hydrostatic numerical model for calculating free-surface stratified flows, Ocean Dynam., 53 (3), 176-185.
• [15].Kowalewski M., Ostrowski M., 2005, Coastal up- and downwelling in the southern Baltic, Oceanologia, 47 (4), 453-475.
• [16].Krężel A., Ostrowski M., Szymelfenig M., 2005a, Sea surface distribution during upwelling along the Polish coast, Oceanologia, 47 (4), 415-432.
• [17].Krężel A., Szymanek L., Kozłowski Ł., Szymelfenig M., 2005b, Influence of coastal upwelling on chlorophyll a concentration in the surface water along the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea, Oceanologia, 47 (4), 433-452.
• [18].Lass H.-U., Schmidt T., Seifert T., 1994, On the dynamics of upwelling observed at the Darss Sill, Proc. 19th Conf. Baltic Oceanogr., Gdańsk, 247-260.
• [19].Lehmann A., Krauss W., Hinrichsen H.-H., 2002, Effects of remote and local atmospheric forcing on circulation and upwelling in the Baltic Sea, Tellus A, 54 (3), 299-316.
• [20].Marmorino G. O., Trump C. L., 1992, Acoustic Doppler current profiler measurements of possible lee waves south of Key West, Florida, J. Geophys. Res., 97 (C5), 7271-7275.
• [21].Myrberg K., AndrejevO. , 2003, Main upwelling regions in the Baltic Sea - a statistical analysis based on three-dimensional modelling, Boreal Environ. Res., 8 (2), 97-112.
• [22].Nommann S., Sildam J., Noges T., Kahru M., 1991, Plankton distribution during a coastal upwelling event off Hiiumaa, Baltic Sea: impact of short-term flow field variability, Cont. Shelf Res., 11 (1), 95-108.
• [23].Suursaar ¨U., Kullas T., 2006, Influence of wind climate changes on the mean sea level and current regime in the coastal waters of west Estonia, Baltic Sea, Oceanologia, 48 (3), 361-383.
• [24].Suursaar ¨U., Kullas T., Otsmann M., 2005, Vertical structure of horizontal currents and vertical velocities observed off the Estonian coast using a Recording Doppler Current Profiler, Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci., Biol. Ecol., 54 (3), 190-209.
• [25].Vahtera E., Laanemets J., Pavelson J., Huttunen M., Kononen K., 2005, Effect of upwelling on the pelagic environment and bloom-forming cyanobacteria in the western Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea, J. Marine Syst., 58 (1-2), 67-82.
• [26].Walin G., 1972, Some observations of temperature fluctuations in the coastal region of the Baltic, Tellus, 24, 187-198.
• [27].Weisberg R.H., Black B.D., Li Z., 2000, An upwelling case study on Florida's west coast, J. Geophys. Res., 105 (C5), 11459-11469.
• [28].Wewetzer S. F. K., Duck R.W., Anderson J., 1999, Acoustic Doppler current profiler measurements in coastal and estuarine environments: examples from the Tay Estuary, Scotland, Geomorphology, 29 (1), 21-30.
• [29].Yanagi T., Ishikawa K., Susami S., 1995, Convergence, divergence and vertical velocity at a tidal front in Hiuchi-Nada, J. Oceanogr., 51, 225-238.