Origin of siderites from the Lower Jurassic Ciechocinek Formation from SW Poland

• Autorzy: Leonowicz P.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Sideritic rocks, which are characteristic constituents of muddy-silty deposits of the Lower Jurassic Ciechocinek Formation, occur commonly as layers, lenses and small irregular concretions composed of siderite mudstone and siltstone as well as less common lenses of sideritic sandstones. Three types of siderite cement were observed in thin sections: fine-crystalline variety (SF), coarse-crystalline rhombohedra (SR) and fine-crystalline biogenic aggre gates (SA). In all these types BSE analysis revealed compositional zonation of crystals, with in ternal parts enriched in Mg, Mn and Ca and outer zones almost pure siderite. d13C values and chemical composition of siderites combined with the presence of early diagenetic pyrite indicate that siderite crystallized from brackish marine-derived solutions; only in the case of two samples from the lower part of the Ciechocinek Formation the fresh water origin cannotbe excluded. Mn and Fe were supplied by rivers and released by Fe- and Mn-reduction in suboxic zone, whereas Mg and Ca were derived from sea water, which infiltrated into the sediment. Crystal zonation resulted from the diagenetic evolution of pore water as the sediment was buried. Similar composition and development of siderite crystals from different parts of one layer indicate that siderite precipitated simultaneously throughout the whole horizon. Precipitation began from the formation of numerous nuclei and continued by growth of crystals onto them. It could begin already in the iron reduction subzone and continued in the sulphate reduction and methanogenesis zones.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Cracow-Silesian Upland; Lower Jurassic; siderites; geochemistry; carbon isotopes; oxygen isotopes; palaeosalinity

• Wydawca: Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
• Czasopismo: Geological Quarterly
• Rocznik: 2007
• Tom: Vol. 51, No 1
• Strony: 67--78
• Opis fizyczny: bibliogr. 43 poz, fot.,tab.,wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Leonowicz P.

• Istitute of Geology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 93, PL-02-089 Warszawa, Poland,

Bibliografia

• BARSKI M. and LEONOWICZ P. (2002) - Dinoflagellates of Lower Jurassic outcrops at Kozłowice and Boroszów (southern Poland) (in Polish with English summary). Prz. Geol., 50 (5): 411-414.
• CURTIS C. D., COLEMAN M. L. and LOVE L. G. (1986) - Pore water evolution during sediment burial from isotopic and mineral chemistry of calcite, dolomite and siderite concretions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 50: 2321-2334.
• CURTIS C. D., PEARSON M. J. and SOMOGYIV. A. (1975) - Mineralogy, chemistry and origin of a concretionary siderite sheet (clay-ironstone band) in the Westphalian of Yorkshire. Mineral. Mag., 40: 385-393.
• DADLEZ R. (1969) - Stratigraphy of the Lias in Western Poland (in Polish with English summary). Pr. Inst. Geol., 57.
• DADLEZ R. (1973) - Jura dolna. In: Budowa Geologiczna Polski, tom I. Stratygrafia, cz. 2. Mezozoik: 196-236. Wyd. Geol. Warszawa.
• DAYCZAK-CALIKOWSKA K. and MORYC W. (1988) - Evolution of sedimentary basin and palaeotectonics of the Middle Jurassic in Poland (in Polish with English summary). Kwart. Geol., 32 (1): 117-136.
• DECZKOWSKI Z. and DANIEC J. (1981) - Rudy żelaza. In: Surowce mineralne województwa częstochowskiego. Wyd. Geol. Warszawa.
• DECZKOWSKI Z. and FRANCZYK M. (1988) - Palaeothickness, lithofacies and palaeotectonics of epicontinental Lower Jurassic in Polish Lowland (in Polish with English summary). Kwart. Geol., 32 (1): 105-116.
• FISHER Q. J., RAISWELL R. and MARSHALL J. D. (1998) - Siderite concretions from nonmarine shales (Westphalian A) of the Pennines, England: controls on their growth and composition. J. Sediment. Res. 68: 1034-1045.
• HUGGET J., DENNIS P. and GALE A. (2000) - Geochemistry of early siderite cements from the Eocene succession of Whitecliff Bay, Hampshire Basin, U.K. J. Sediment. Res., 70: 1107-1117.
• IRWIN H., CURTIS C. and COLEMAN M. (1977) - Isotopic evidence for source of diagenetic carbonates formed during burial of organic-rich sediments. Nature, 269: 209-213.
• JASKOWIAK-SCHOENEICHOWA M. and KRASSOWSKA A. (1988) - Palaeothickness, lithofacies and palaeotectonics of the epicontinental Upper Cretaceous in Poland (in Polish with English summary). Kwart. Geol., 32 (1): 177-198.
• KIEŻEL W. ed. (1990) - Poszukiwanie złóż surowców ilastych dla ceramiki szlachetnej i półszlachetnej rejonu Lubliniec-Wieruszów. Centr. Geol. Arch. Pol. Geol. Inst. Warszawa.
• KOPIK J. (1998) - Lower and Middle Jurassic of the north-eastern margin of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (in Polish with English summary). Biul. Państw. Inst. Geol., 378: 67-129.
• KRYSTKIEWICZ E. (1999) - Lower Jurassic (in Polish with English summary). In: Diagenesis of the Upper Permian and Mesozoic deposits of the Kujawy region (Central Poland) (ed. A. Maliszewska). Pr. Państw. Inst. Geol., 167: 64-77.
• LEONOWICZ P. (2002) - Litofacje i środowisko sedymentacji tzw. warstw ciechocińskich (lias) na obszarze częstochowsko-wieluńskim. Ph.D. Thesis. Arch. Warsaw Univ. Warszawa.
• LEONOWICZ P. (2005) - The Ciechocinek Formation (Lower Jurassic) of SW Poland: petrology of green clastic rocks. Geol. Quart., 49 (3): 317-330.
• MACAULAY C. I., HASZELDINE R. S. and FALLICK A. E. (1993) - Distribution, chemistry, isotopic composition and origin of diagenetic carbonates: Magnus Sandstone, North Sea. J. Sediment. Petrol., 63: 33-43.
• MARCINKIEWICZ T. (1957) - Megaspores of the Lias from Praszka, Zawiercie and Święty Krzyż Mountains (in Polish with English summary). Kwart. Geol., 1 (2): 299-302.
• MARCINKIEWICZ T. (1960) - Megaspore analysis of Jurassic sediments near Gorzów Śląski-Praszka (Cracow-Wieluń region) (in Polish with English summary). Kwart. Geol., 4 (3): 713-733.
• MARCINKIEWICZ T. (1964) - The stratigraphy of the Lower Jurassic in the Mechowo IG 1 borehole on the basis of megaspore research (in Polish with English summary). Biul. Inst. Geol., 189: 57-60.
• MARCINKIEWICZ T. (1971) - The stratigraphy of the Rhaetian and Lias in Poland based on megaspore investigations (in Polish with English summary). Pr. Inst. Geol., 65.
• MAREK S. (1988) - Palaeothickness, facies and palaeotectonic maps of the epicontinental Permian and Mesozoic in Poland (in Polish with English summary). Kwart. Geol., 32 (1): 1-14.
• MC KAY J. L., LONGSTAFFE F. J. and PLINT A. G. (1995) - Early diagenesis and relationship to depositional environment and relative sea-level fluctuations (Upper Cretaceous Marshybank Formation, Alberta and British Columbia). Sedimentology, 42: 161-190.
• MORAD S. (1998) - Carbonate cementation in sandstones: distribution patterns and geochemical evolution. In: Carbonate Cementation in Sandstones (ed. S. Morad). Spec. Publ. Int. Ass. Sediment., 26: 53-85.
• MOZLEY P. S. (1989) - Relation between depositional environment and the elemental composition of early diagenetic siderite. Geology, 17: 704-706.
• MÜCKE A. and FARSHAD F. (2005) - Whole-rock and mineralogical composition of Phanerozoic ooidal ironstones: comparison and differentiation of types and subtypes. Ore Geology Rev., 26: 227-262.
• NIEMCZYCKAT. and BROCHWICZ-LEWIŃSKI W. (1988) - Evolution of the Upper Jurassic sedimentary basin in the Polish Lowland (in Polish with English summary). Kwart. Geol., 32 (1): 137-156.
• PEARSON M. J. (1974) - Sideritic concretions from the Westphalian of Yorkshire: a chemical investigation of the carbonate phase. Mineral. Mag., 39: 696-699.
• PEARSON M. J. (1977) - Francolit from Yorkshire. Mineral. Mag., 41: M4-M6.
• PEARSON M. J. (1979) - Geochemistry of the Hepworth Carboniferous sediment sequence and origin of the diagenetic iron minerals and concretions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 43: 927-941.
• PIEŃKOWSKIG. (2004) - The epicontinental Lower Jurassic of Poland. Pol. Geol. Inst. Spec. Pap., 12: 1-154.
• RAISWELL R. (1971) - The growth of Cambrian and Liassic concretions. Sedimentology, 17: 147-171.
• RAISWELL R. and FISHER Q. J. (2000) - Mudrock-hosted carbonate concretions: a review of growth mechanisms and their influence on chemical and isotopic composition. J. Geol. Soc. London, 157: 239-251.
• SCHELLMANN W. (1969) - Die Bildungsbedingungen sedimentärer Chamosit- und Hämatit-Eisenerze am Beispiel der Lagerstätte Echte. Neues Jahrb. Miner. ABH., 111: 1-31.
• SELLWOOD B. W. (1971) - The genesis of some sideritic beds in the Yorkshire Lias (England). J. Sediment. Petrol., 41: 854-858.
• SOKOŁOWSKI S. ed. (1973) - Budowa Geologiczna Polski, tom I. Stratygrafia, cz. 2, Mezozoik. Wyd. Geol. Warszawa.
• SPEARS D. A. (1989) - Aspects of iron incorporation into sediments with special reference to the Yorkshire Ironstones. In: Phanerozoic Ironstones (eds. T. P. Young and W. E. G. Taylor). Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 46: 19-30.
• SIEHL A. and THEIN J. (1989) - Minette-type ironstones. In: Phanerozoic Ironstones (eds. T. P. Young and W. E. G. Taylor). Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 46: 175-193.
• TEOFILAK-MALISZEWSKA A. (1967) - The petrography of the Liassic deposits in the Polish Lowland Area (in Polish with English summary). Biul. Inst. Geol., 207: 67-144.
• TEOFILAK-MALISZEWSKA A. (1968) - Petrography of Liassic deposits in the northern margin of the Świętokrzyskie Mountains (in Polish with English summary). Biul. Inst. Geol., 216: 107-190.
• WHITICAR M. J., FABER E. and SCHOELLM. (1986) - Biogenic methane formation in marine and freshwater environments: CO2 reduction vs. acetate fermentation - isotope evidence. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 50: 693-709.
• WILKINSON M., HASZELDINE R. S., FALLICK A. E. and OSBORNE M. J. (2000) - Siderite zonation within the Brent Group: microbial influence or aquifer flow? Clay Miner., 35: 111-121.