Leki przeciwtrądowe

• Autorzy: Nowak K. , Suryło P.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Antileprosy drugs

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease, that is caused by a bacillus of Mycobacterium leprae. It was considered to be an incurable disease for ages. Nowadays leprosy is a vanishing disease although you can meet it principally in the tropical zone countries. Since times immemorial, the natural origin preparations had been involved under the leprosy treatment. One of them was chaulmoogra, the oil isolated from seeds of: Hydnocarpus kurzii, the gorli tree - Oncoba echinata and Carpotroche brasiliensis plant. The main components of the chaulmoogra oil are triglicerides of hydnocarpic acid, chaulmoogric acid as well as gorlic. In 1921 year, ethyl esters of named above acids were applied successfuUy in the leprosy treatment. Other natural origin components also reveal leprostatic effectiveness. There are derivatives of boswelin acid which have been found in the Boswelia serrata plant. The first and effectively applied antileprosy drug up today, occured Dapsone, which was intro-duced in the leprosy therapy in 1946 year. This medicine has appeared comparatively little toxic, inexpensive and effective at all forms of leprosy. A great number of Dapsone derivatives have been received lately. Most of them have been introduced to the therapy of leprosy and other bacterial diseases. The next group of derivatives of Dapsone composes the ones, with substitutions in the phenyl ring 15. Such combinations are received in result of a multistage synthesis. There have been still lasting experiments above receiving new active sulfones in relation to bacillus of Mycobacterium leprae. Among sulfones not being derivatives of Dapsone Promizole has been found and applied in the leprosy therapy. Except sulfones, sulfonamides are also employed in the leprosy therapy, in spite that theirs activity in relation to Mycobacterium leprae is smali. After all, Sulfomethoxazole gives good therapeutic results in connection with Trimethoprim. These connections are being utilised in a multidrug, antileprosy therapy. There are a few methods of receiving of Sulfomethoxazole and Trimethoprim. The derivatives of Trimethoprim, Brodimoprim and Epiroprimhave been received by the Swiss. Hoffmann-La-Roche Ltd Company and they are likely to be used in the multidrug antileprosy therapy. It has been taken an advantage in the leprosy treatment of using derivatives of thiocarbamide -Tiambutazyne and Thiocarlide. However the need to engage them in large doses is the basie defect of these medicines. Tiambutozyne has being received as a result of the p-amine-N,N--dimethylaniline reaction witch p-propoxyphenylisothiocyanate, however Thiocarlide synthesis depends on the 4-(3-methylbutoxy)aniline reaction with carbon disuflide. There are also some amides e.g. Ethionamide, Prothionamide as well as Pyrazinamide which produce a good antileprosy influence. These medicines have found the application mainly in the tuberculosis treatment, though in the antileprosy therapy either. Still, the experiments on new effective working antileprosy combinations have been carrying out. According to results, good antileprous proprieties have characterized the derivatives of thiazolidine and thiocarbamide. Searching for new antileprosy medicines have still been led in the sulfons and sulfonamides groups. A number of new medicines has entered the therapy of leprosy at present and among others there are chiefly ansamycin, chinolones and ketholides antibioties. However Dapsone has still been fulfilling the most important part 6, which for over of 60 years continually has been determining the basie antileprosy medicine.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

leki przeciwtrądowe; trąd; Mycobacterium leprae; Dapson

EN

antileprosy drug; lepra; Mycobacterium leprae; Dapson

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
• Czasopismo: Wiadomości Chemiczne
• Rocznik: 2006
• Tom: [Z] 60, 3-4
• Strony: 257--278
• Opis fizyczny: tab., wykr., bibliogr. 86 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Nowak K.

autor

Suryło P.

• Instytut Chemii i Technologii Organicznej , Politechnika Krakowska, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków,

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