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The Intrinsic Complexity of Learning: A Survey

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The theory of learning in the limit has been a focus of study by several researchers over the last three decades. There have been several suggestions on how to measure the complexity or hardness of learning. In this paper we survey the work done in one specific such measure, called intrinsic complexity of learning. We will be mostly concentrating on learning languages, with only a brief look at function learning.
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17--37
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Bibliogr. 32 poz.
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Bibliografia
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  • [2] Bārzdiņš, J., Freivalds, R.: On the prediction of General Recursive Functions, Soviet Mathematics Doklady, 13, 1972, 1224-1228.
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  • [8] Feldman, J.: Some Decidability results on Grammatical Inference and Complexity, Information and Control, 20, 1972, 244-262.
  • [9] Freivalds, R.: Inductive Inference of Recursive Functions: Qualitative Theory, in: Baltic Computer Science (J. Bārzdiņš, D. Bjorner, Eds.), vol. 502 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer-Verlag, 1991, 77-110.
  • [10] Freivalds, R., Kinber, E., Smith, C.: On the Intrinsic Complexity of Learning, Second European Conference on Computational Learning Theory (P. Vitányi, Ed.), 904, Springer-Verlag, 1995.
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  • [12] Hopcroft, J., Ullman, J.: Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation, Addison-Wesley, 1979.
  • [13] Jain, S., Kinber, E.: Intrinsic Complexity of Learning Geometrical Concepts from Positive Data, Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 67, 2003, 546-607.
  • [14] Jain, S., Kinber, E., Wiehagen, R.: Language Learning from Texts: Degrees of Intrinsic Complexity and Their Characterizations, Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 63, 2001, 305-354.
  • [15] Jain, S., Osherson, D., Royer, J., Sharma, A.: Systems that Learn: An Introduction to Learning Theory, second edition, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1999.
  • [16] Jain, S., Sharma, A.: Characterizing Language Learning by Standardizing Operations, Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 49(1), 1994, 96-107.
  • [17] Jain, S., Sharma, A.: The Intrinsic Complexity of Language Identification, Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 52, 1996, 393-402.
  • [18] Jain, S., Sharma, A.: Elementary formal systems, intrinsic complexity, and procrastination, Information and Computation, 132, 1997, 65-84.
  • [19] Jain, S., Sharma, A.: The Structure of Intrinsic Complexity of Learning, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 62, 1997, 1187-1201.
  • [20] Kinber, E.: On Comparison of Limit Identification and Limit Standardization of General Recursive Functions, Uch. zap. Latv. univ., 233, 1975, 45-56.
  • [21] Kinber, E.: Monotonicity versus Efficiency for Learning Languages from Texts, Algorithmic Learning Theory: Fourth International Workshop on Analogical and Inductive Inference (AII ’94) and Fifth International Workshop on Algorithmic Learning Theory (ALT ’94) (S. Arikawa, K. Jantke, Eds.), 872, Springer-Verlag, 1994.
  • [22] Kinber, E., Papazian, C., Smith, C., Wiehagen, R.: On the Intrinsic Complexity of Learning Infinite Objects from Finite Samples, Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Conference on Computational Learning Theory, ACM Press, 1999.
  • [23] Kinber, E., Stephan, F.: Language Learning from Texts: Mind Changes, Limited Memory and Monotonicity, Information and Computation, 123, 1995, 224-241.
  • [24] Lange, S., Zeugmann, T.: Learning Recursive Languages With a Bounded Number of Mind Changes, International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science, 4(2), 1993, 157-178.
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  • [26] Motoki, T., Shinohara, T., Wright, K.: The Correct Definition of Finite Elasticity: Corrigendumto Identification of Unions, Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Workshop on Computational Learning Theory (L. Valiant, M. Warmuth, Eds.), Morgan Kaufmann, 1991.
  • [27] Osherson, D., Weinstein, S.: Criteria of Language Learning, Information and Control, 52, 1982, 123-138.
  • [28] Rogers, H.: Theory of Recursive Functions and Effective Computability, McGraw-Hill, 1967, Reprinted, MIT Press 1987.
  • [29] Wiehagen, R.: Identification of Formal languages, Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, 53, Springer-Verlag, 1977.
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  • [31] Wright, K.: Identification of Unions of Languages Drawn from an Identifiable Class, Proceedings of the Second Annual Workshop on Computational Learning Theory (R. Rivest, D. Haussler, M. Warmuth, Eds.), Morgan Kaufmann, 1989.
  • [32] Zeugmann, T., Lange, S.: A Guided Tour Across the Boundaries of Learning Recursive Languages, in: Algorithmic Learning for Knowledge-Based Systems (K. Jantke, S. Lange, Eds.), vol. 961 of Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Springer-Verlag, 1995, 190-258.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BUS2-0004-0142
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