Headlights type approval requirements and on field requirements - technical impact on safety

• Autorzy: Targosiński T.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

On field requirements for headlights are significantly dependent on type approval requirements. But the type approval requirements are described differently than exploitation requirements. They assume that basic photometrical requirements tested during type approval are met. But this assumption is not described and checked. Finally on field real headlamp photometric values could be significantly different than expected because depends on factors as light source geometry tolerance, headlamp design sensitivity for filament geometry, possible precision of aiming/levelling method. Moreover drivers and services awareness of this situation is not meaningful. As result safety during nighttime traffic is significantly deteriorated. In paper are described important factors concerned way of defining present type approval requirements. It concern the way of defining of photometric criteria for vertical measuring screen in fixed distance, choice of points and zones for assessment, limits and their restrictions. Also differentiation of requirement in dependence on light source used is analysed as well as some other important factors. The important issue is glare caused by headlights and their restriction in type approval requirements. It is also analysed influence on headlights performance on field conditions as result of lack of reference to imperfect but defined type approval photometric requirements. The visual aiming on the base of cut-off line and subjective judgement is the only way to allow use of vehicle. Moreover as well service as drivers believes that this is sufficient for safety driving at night with speeds allowed by common road traffic law.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

headlighting; type approval requirements; traffic safety

• Wydawca: Łukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Aviation ; European Science Society of Powertrain and Transport KONES Poland ; Wydawnictwo Instytutu Technicznego Wojsk Lotniczych
• Czasopismo: Journal of KONES
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: Vol. 19, No. 4
• Strony: 625--632
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 16 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Targosiński T.

• Motor Transport Institute Jagiellońska Street 80, 03-301 Warszawa, Poland tel.:[phone], fax: [phone],

Bibliografia

• [1] Damasky, J., Geometry of the Road Area and Effects on Motor Vehicle Lighting, Symposium Progress in Automobile Lighting, PAL’95, Darmstadt 1995.
• [2] Diem, C., Schmidt-Clausen, H. J., Headlamp Performance in Traffic Situations, Symposium Progress in Automobile Lighting, PAL’97, Darmstadt 1997.
• [3] Schwab, G., Illuminances and their curves at selected points in dynamic traffic situations, Symposium Progress in Automobile Lighting, PAL’99, Darmstadt 1999.
• [4] Targosiński, T., Method and Criteria of Assessment of Vehicle headlamps using Image Analysers, Doctor's thesis, Bialystok Technical University, Bialystok 2000.
• [5] Targosiński, T., Objective Tests of Headlamps in Exploitation Conditions from Traffc Safety Point of View, Journal of KONES, 2007.
• [6] Targosinski, T., Passing Beam Visibility Distance – Technical Possibilities, Legal Requirements and Road Safety, Journal of KONES, 2011.
• [7] Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Adaptive Front Lighting Systems (AFS) for Motor Vehicles, UN ECE Regulation No. 123.
• [8] Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Motor Vehicle Headlamps Equipped With Gas-Discharge Light Sources, UN ECE Regulation No. 98.
• [9] Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Motor Vehicle Headlamps Emitting an Asymmetrical Passing Beam and/or a Driving Beam and Equipped with Filament Lamps of Categories R2 and/or Hs1, UN ECE Regulation No. 1.
• [10] Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval Of Motor Vehicle Headlamps Emitting an Asymmetrical Passing Beam or o Driving Beam or Both ond Equipped with Halogen Filament Lamps (H1, H2, H3, Hb3, Hb4, H7, H8, H9, Hir1, Hir2 And/Or H11), UN ECE Regulation No. 8.
• [11] Uniform Provisions Concerning The Approval of Motor Vehicle Headlamps Emitting an Asymmetrical Passing Beam or a Driving Beam or Both and Equipped with Halogen Filament Lamps (H4), UN ECE Regulation No. 20.
• [12] Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Motor Vehicle Headlamps Emitting an Asymmetrical Passing Beam or a Driving Beam or Both and Equipped with Filament Lamps and/or Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Modules, UN ECE Regulation No. 112.
• [13] Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Motor Vehicle Headlamps Equipped with Gas-Discharge Light Sources, UN ECE Regulation No. 98.
• [14] Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Filament Lamps for Use in Approved Lamp Units on Power-Driven Vehicles and of their Trailers, UN ECE Regulation No. 37.
• [15] Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Gas-Discharge Light Sources for Use in Approved Gas-Discharge Lamp Units of Power-Driven Vehicles, UN ECE Regulation No. 99.
• [16] Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Vehicles with Regard to the Installation of Lighting and Light-Signalling Devices, UN ECE Regulation No. 48.