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The present paper discusses the experimental investigations on the flame induced by fuel film deposition ignition in a single cylinder, ported fuel injection, four-stroke, over-boosted spark-ignition engine with a four-valve production head. The engine was optically accessible and equipped with a transparent quartz window in the bottom of the combustion chamber. 2D-digital imaging and UV-visible natural emission spectroscopy were used to follow the flame propagation in the combustion chamber. Two colour pyrometers were applied to evaluate flame temperature and soot concentration. Particulate matter and soot primary particles diameters were measured and correlated with the soot amount produced in the combustion chamber. The effect of the intake air pressure and injection phasing was investigated. Optical setup for spectroscopic measurements and visible digital imaging, visible flame emission detected in the chamber for the selected operating conditions, visible emission spectra measured at 60 CAD ASOS in the chamber, soot concentration measured at the selected operating conditions, integral soot concentration measured at the selected operating conditions, particulate mass concentration measured by the Opacimeter and particles number concentration measured by LII at the engine exhaust are presented in the paper.
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Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
395--402
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 20 poz., rys.
Twórcy
autor
autor
autor
autor
- Istituto Motori - CNR, Via G. Marconi 8 - 80125 Napoli (Italy)
Bibliografia
- [1] Costanzo, V. S., Heywood, J. B., Mixture Preparation Mechanisms in a Port Fuel Injected Engine, SAE paper n. 2005-01-2080, 2005.
- [2] Di Iorio, S., Merola, S. S., Vaglieco, B. M., Tornatore, C., Diesel Exhaust Nanoparticles Characterization by Multiwavelength Techniques, Laser Induced Incandescence and ELPI, SAE Paper n. 2005-24-021, 2005.
- [3] Di Iorio, S., Merola, S. S., Vaglieco, B. M., Tornatore, C., Nanoparticles Characterization at Spark Ignition Engine Exhaust, SAE Paper n. 2005-24-010, 2005.
- [4] Drake, M. C., Fansler, T. D., Solomon, A. S., Szekely, G. A. Jr., Piston fuel films as a source of smoke and hydrocarbon emissions from a wall-controlled spark-ignited direct- injection engine, SAE Paper n. 2003-01-0547, 2003.
- [5] Gaydon, A. G., The Spectroscopy of Flames, Chapman and Hall ltd., 1957.
- [6] Gold, M. R., Arcoumanis, C., Whitelaw, J. H., Gaade, J.; Wallace, S., Mixture Preparation Strategies in an Optical Four-Valve Port-Injected Gasoline Engine, Int. J. of Engine Research, Vol. 1, N. 1, 41-56, 2000.
- [7] Heywood, J. B., Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals., New York: McGraw-Hill, 1988.
- [8] Lipatnikov, A. N., Chomiak J., Turbulent flame speed and thickness: phenomenology, evaluation and application in multi-dimensional simulations, Prog.En.Comb. Sci.; 28:1–73, 2002.
- [9] Maricq, M., Xu, N., Chase, E., Measuring particulate mass Emissions with the Electrical Low Pressure Impactor, J. Aerosol Science and Technology, 40: 68 – 79, 2006.
- [10] McCoy, B. J., Cha, C. Y., Transport Phenomena in the Rarefied Gas Transition Regime, Chemical Engineering Science, v. 29, pp.381-388, 1974.
- [11] Merola, S. S., Vaglieco, B. M., Di Iorio, S., Nanoparticles at Internal Combustion Engines Exhaust: Effect on Urban Area, SAE Paper n. 2006-01-3006, 2006.
- [12] Merola, S. S., Vaglieco, B. M., Knock investigation by flame and radical species detection in spark ignition engine for different fuels, Proc. ECOS2006 Conference, paper n. 230, 2006.
- [13] Merola, S. S., Vaglieco, B. M., Optical Investigations of Valve Firing in PFI Spark-Ignition Engine, Proc. ECOS 2007 Conference, Paper n° ECOS07-M01 – Volume I, page 105, 2007.
- [14] Meyer, R., Heywood, J. B., Liquid Fuel Transport Mechanisms into the Cylinder of a Firing Port-Injected SI Engine During Start Up, SAE Paper n. 970865, 1997.
- [15] Mörsch, O., Sorsche, P., (DaimlerChrysler AG) Investigation of Alternative Methods to Determine Particulate Mass Emissions, http://www.oica.net/htdocs/Main.htm
- [16] Schraml, S., Will, S., Leipertz, A., Simultaneous Measurement of Soot Mass Concentration and Primary Particle Size in the Exhaust of a DI Diesel Engine by Time-Resolved Laser-induced Incandescence (TIRE-LII), SAE Paper n. 1999-01-0146, 1999.
- [17] Shin, Y., Cheng, W. K., Heywood, J. B., Liquid Gasoline Behaviour in the Engine Cylinder of a SI Engine, SAE Paper n. 941872, 1994.
- [18] User manual firm of AVL, AVL Graz, Austria 2003.
- [19] Zhao, H., Ladommatos, N., Engine Combustion Instrumentation and Diagnostics, SAE Int., Inc. 2001.
- [20] Zhu, G. S., Reitz, R. D., Xin, J., Takabayashi, T., Modelling Characteristics of Gasoline Wall Films in the Intake Port of Port Fuel Injection Engines, Int. J. of Engine Research, Vol. 2, N. 4, 231-248, 2001.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BUJ8-0005-0016