Reproduction of chassis dynamometer driving cycles on the road as a means of achieving repeatable on-road emissions tests

• Autorzy: Vojtisek-Lom M. , Fenkl M.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Projected increases in the cost of conventional fossil energy sources and greenhouse gas emissions caps are among the key drivers for the utilization of various gaseous fuels prepared from biomass in internal combustion engines, primarily in cogeneration units. Due to the low energy content and other poor qualities of many such fuels, they are often intended to be co-fired with diesel fuel, or used in blends with natural gas or other gaseous fuels. Variations in the composition of the biogas, limited capabilities of gas mixing and metering devices, and other factors create challenges in determining the intake charge composition, so that optimal mixture of air and multiple fuels can be maintained. In this study, an experimental device for mixing of two gaseous fuels was tested, with various gases, on a bus engine modified to run on experimental gaseous fuel blends. To evaluate the performance of the mixing device, the composition of the mixture of two fuel gases was continuously analyzed by an inexpensive NDIR ,”garage-grade” exhaust gas analyzer. The focus of this paper is on the adaptation of the analyzer for this purpose, including calibration and linearization techniques, its verification, and performance. Preliminary results show that this analyzer, commonly used for automobile inspection and maintenance purposes, can serve, albeit with precautions and limitations, as a relatively simple tool for field measurements of the composition of a fuel gas mixture, both raw and mixed with air.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

internal combustion engines; gaseous fuel mixtures; biogas; co-generation units; NDIR analyzer; gas mixture analysis

• Wydawca: Łukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Aviation ; European Science Society of Powertrain and Transport KONES Poland ; Wydawnictwo Instytutu Technicznego Wojsk Lotniczych
• Czasopismo: Journal of KONES
• Rocznik: 2008
• Tom: Vol. 15, No. 4
• Strony: 577--582
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 9 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Vojtisek-Lom M.

autor

Fenkl M.

• Technical University of Liberec, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Department of Vehicles and Engines Hdlkova Street 6, 461-17 Czech Republic tel.: [phone], fax: [phone],

Bibliografia

• [1] Vojtíšek-Lom, M., Cobb, J. T.: On-road light-duty vehicle emission measurements using a novel inexpensive on-board portable system, Presented at the 8th CRC On-road vehicle emissions workshop, San Diego, CA, April 20-22, 1998.
• [2] Recommended Standard SAE J2711: Recommended Practice for Measuring Fuel Economy and Emissions of Hybrid-Electric and Conventional Heavy-Duty Vehicles. Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrensdale, Pennsylvania, USA 2002.
• [3] Miller, W., Cocker, D., Johnson, K., Norbeck, J. M., Park, C. S., Welch, B.: Measuring Real-world, Heavy-duty Diesel Emissions with a Mobile Lab. Presented at the 12th CRC Onroad Vehicle Emissions workshop, San Diego, California, USA 2002.
• [4] Lenaers, G., Van Poppel, M.: PEMS Measured Emissions of two EURO 2 Buses Retrofitted with Different Combinations of PM Traps and SCR. Presented at Transport and Environment: A Global Challenge, Milano, Italy 2007.