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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
A brief history of the discovery of nuclear fusion, first as the motor of the stars and subsequently its first realization as H-bombs, is described. The efforts of trying to make it into a source of energy for mankind as a controlled nuclear fusion (CNF) are sketched out. We shall mention the main research approaches, so far explored, i.e. the magnetic confinement fusion (MCF), the inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and the beam-target fusion (BTF) and point out the main difficulties connected with these three ways to CNF. The present trend to concentrate the main research potential on just two embodiments of MCF and ICF, i.e. the Tokomak and the laser driven spherical pellet, is criticized arguing that other promising approaches may be left unexplored. Such approaches, some in which the use of advanced, a-neutronic fuels is envisaged appear at present more arduous, but perhaps eventually more simple and safe. A promising symbiosis of fusion-fission is also mentioned.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
305--310
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 31 poz., rys.
Twórcy
autor
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitŕ di Ferrara, Italy, Tel.: 00 39 3483358995, Fax: 00 39 069411098 Mailing address: Villa Letizia, via XXIV maggio, Grottaferrata 00046, Italy, linhart@fe.infn.it
Bibliografia
- 1. Atkinson R, Houtermans P (1928) Zur Frage der Aufbaumoglichkeit der Elemente in Sternen. Zeitschrift f Physik 54:656–665
- 2. Bennett WH (1934) Magnetically self-focusing streams. Phys Rev 45:890–897
- 3. Best RW (1990) Advanced fusion fuel cycles. Fusion Technol 17:661–665
- 4. Burton WM, Butt EP, Cole HC et al. (1962) Plasma loss in ZETA. Nucl Fusion Suppl 2:903–919
- 5. Cole RK, Renken JH (1975) Analysis of the micro fission reactor concept. Nucl Sci Eng 58:345–356
- 6. Dyson FJ (1968) Interstellar transport. Phys Today 21:41–45
- 7. Eddington AS (1926) Internal constitution of stars. The University Press, Cambridge
- 8. Encyclopedia of physics, science and technology (1987) Teller E (ed.) Vol. 5. Academic Press, p 723
- 9. Feldbacher R, Heindler M (1988) Basic cross-sections for a neutronic reactor. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 271:55–64
- 10. Gamow G (1938) Nuclear energy sources and stellar evolution. Phys Rev 53:595–604
- 11. Gasponer A, Hurni JP (1997) The physical principles of thermonuclear explosives, inertial confinement fusion, and the quest for fourth generation nuclear weapons, “International Network of Engineers and Scientists Against Proliferation”. Technical report no 1, Darmstadt University
- 12. Halite Centurion (1988) Press release on March 21, 1988. The New York Times
- 13. Hora H, Badziak J, Read MN et al. (2007) Fast ignition by laser driven particle beams. Phys Plasmas 14:072701
- 14. Kramer D (May 2009) LLNL’s laser fusion facility complete, but will it work? Phys Today, p 28
- 15. Linhart JG (1960) Theory of fusion reactions in an unconfined plasma. Nuovo Cimento 17:850–863
- 16. Linhart JG (1970) Very high density plasma. Nucl Fusion 10:211–234
- 17. Linhart JG (1991) Beam-target nuclear reactions. Physics of alternative magnetic confinement schemes. In: Diagnostic for contemporary fusion experiment. Int School of Plasma Physics Piero Caldirola, Varenna 1991. SIF, Bologna, pp 103–118
- 18. Linhart JG (1992) Fusion-fission detonators for advanced fuels. Czechoslovak J Phys 42:985–1004
- 19. Linhart JG, Bilbao L (2003) Spark ignition in an inertially confined Z-pinch. Nukleonika 48:16–19
- 20. Linhart JG, Bilbao L, Miklaszewski R, Stepniewski W (2000) Detonation energy amplification in conical channels. Plasma Phys Reports 26;3:203–218
- 21. Linhart JG, Knoepfel H, Gourlan C (1962) Amplification of magnetic fields by a collapsing metallic shell. Nucl Fusion Suppl 2:733–740
- 22. Maglich BC (1978) Migmacell – a low gain “driven” fusion power amplifier. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res 151;1/2:1–27
- 23. Maglich BC (1989) Neutralized Migma. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys A 271:13–18
- 24. Mukhovatov VS (1965) Plasma column equilibrium in Tokamak 5. In: Proc of the Conf on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Culham, UK. Vol. 2, pp 577–593
- 25. Pfirsh D, Schmitter KH (1989) On the economic prospects of nuclear fusion with Tokomats. Fusion Technol 15:1471–1484
- 26. Rostoker N, Binderbauer MW, Monkhorst HJ (1997) Colliding beam fusion reactor. Science 278:1419–1422
- 27. Somon JP (1972) The thermonuclear hot-spot. Nucl Fusion 12;4:461–474
- 28. Tabak M, Hammer J, Glinsky ME et al. (1994) Ignition and high gain with ultrapowerful lasers. Phys Plasmas 1:1626–1634
- 29. Taylor JB (1974) Relaxation of toroidal plasma and generation of reverse magnetic fields. Phys Rev Lett 33:1139–1141
- 30. Teller E, Talley WK, Higgins GH et al. (1968) The constructive uses of nuclear explosives. McGraw-Hill, New York
- 31. Winterberg F (2008) Lasers for inertial confinement fusion driven by high explosives. Laser Part Beams 26:127–135
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BUJ7-0008-0039