Determination of radioactivity in air filters by alpha and gamma spectrometry

• Autorzy: Bem H. , Bem E. M. , Krzemińska M. , Ostrowska M.
• Konferencja: Proceedings of the Third National Conference on Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry, 6-9 May 2001, Kazimierz Dolny
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Combination of alpha and gamma spectrometry for air filters measurement allows a simple determination of all short-lived 222Rn and 220Rn daughters as well as cosmogenic 7Be and anthropogenic 137Cs in the air. Solid radionuclides in the atmosphere, attached to aerosol particles, were collected on filters of High Volume Air Sampler. After the desired collection period, the activity of deposited radionuclides was measured by ă-spectrometry for 7Be, 212Pb, 212Bi, 214Pb, 214Bi and by á-spectrometry for 212Po, 214Po and 218Po. Spectrometric methods do not require additional sample preparation and allow one to find aerosol activity by a simple filter measurement. A special measurement and calculation procedure was applied in the case of radionuclides from the uranium and thorium series. A technique of liquid scintillation counting (LSC) was used to determine the activity of the long-lived radon daughters 210Pb, 210Bi, 210Po after leaching into HCl solution and a two-step pre-concentration. Simultaneous determination of 210Pb and 210Bi enables one to find aerosol residence times.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

aerosol activity determination; aerosol residence times; liquid scintillation counting; radon daughters

• Wydawca: Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
• Czasopismo: Nukleonika
• Rocznik: 2002
• Tom: Vol. 47, nr 2
• Strony: 87--91
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 14 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Bem H.

• Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Technical University of Lodz, 116 Zeromskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone]

autor

Bem E. M.

• Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Lodz, 213 Wolczanska Str., 93-005 Lodz, Poland

autor

Krzemińska M.

• Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Technical University of Lodz, 116 Zeromskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone]

autor

Ostrowska M.

• Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Technical University of Lodz, 116 Zeromskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone]

Bibliografia

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• 2. Bem H, Bem EM, Wieczorkowski P (1998) Studies of radionuclide concentrations in surface soil in and around fly ash disposal sites. Sci Total Environ 220:215–222
• 3. Domański T, Chruścielewski W (1976) Method for measuring low concentrations of alpha radiation of 222Rn daughters occurring in the air of mines. Medycyna Pracy 37:29–37 (in Polish)
• 4. El-Hussein A, Ahmed AA (1995) Unattached fraction and size distribution of aerosol-attached radon progeny in the open air. Appl Radiat Isot 46:1393–1399
• 5. Gäggeler HW (1995) Radioactivity in the atmosphere. Radiochim Acta 70/71:345–353
• 6. Kusnetz HL (1956) Radon daughters in mine atmospheres – a field method for determining concentrations. Am Ind Hyg Assoc Quart 17:85–88
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• 8. Marley NA, Gaffney JS, Orlandini KA, Dayton PJ, Cunningham MM (1999) An improved method for the separation of 210Bi and 210Po from 210Pb by using solid-phase extraction disc membranes: environmental applications. Radiochim Acta 85:71–78
• 9. Papastefanou C, Bondietti EA (1991) Mean residence times of atmospheric aerosols in the boundary layer as determined from 210Bi/210Pb activity ratios. J Aerosol Sci 22:927–931
• 10. Poet SE, Moore HE, Martell EA (1972) Lead 210, bismuth 210 and polonium 210 in the atmosphere: accurate ratio measurement and application to aerosol residence time determination. J Geophys Res 77:6515–6527
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• 12. Wallner G (1997) Simultaneous determination of 210Pb and 212Pb progenies by liquid scintillation counting. Appl Radiat Isot 48:511–514
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