Applied radiotracer techniques for studying pollutant bioaccumulation in selected marine organisms (jellyfish, crabs and sea stars)

• Autorzy: Fowler S. , Teyssié J. , Cotret O. , Danis B. , Rouleau C. , Warnau M.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Obtaining specific information on contaminant biokinetics in marine biota is often necessary for properly interpreting monitoring data on trace contaminant levels in bioindicator species living under varying environmental conditions. Radiotracers have been employed in laboratory experiments to assess the uptake, distribution and retention of selected heavy metals and PCB congeners in three potential marine bioindicators occupying different ecological niches in the coastal zone. Pelagic and benthic jellyfish readily accumulated Co, Ag, Zn, Cd, 137Cs and 241Am from both water and food and retained them with biological half-lives (Tb1/2) ranging from a few days to several weeks. Zinc and silver were accumulated to the greatest degree (CF ~ 4 ´ 102), with benthic jellyfish having a greater affinity for metals than the pelagic species. Results from light–dark experiments indicate that the enhanced metal uptake in the benthic jellyfish is due to the presence of endosymbiotic photosynthetic zooxanthellae situated in the arms of organisms. Shore crabs ingesting Ag, a sewage-related contaminant, readily accumulated the metal with male crabs assimilating some 71% and female crabs 51% of the Ag from their food. Moreover, the assimilated fraction of Ag remained virtually immobile in their tissues as evidenced by an extremely long Tb1/2 for depuration of 7.3 years. Sea stars exposed to 14C-labelled PCB congener #153 in sea water accumulated the congener mainly in the body wall and podia reaching lipid weight CFs that ranged between approximately 2 x 10 5 to 4 x 10 5. In contrast, following exposure in radio-labelled sediments, the corresponding PCB transfer factors in the same tissues were much lower, viz., 3 x 10 2 to 5 x 10 2. Nevertheless, regardless of the exposure mode, CFs of PCB in the other tissues (digestive system, gonads, pyloric and rectal caeca) were consistently one to two orders of magnitude lower, an observation which suggests that sea star body wall and podia could serve as target tissues in biomonitoring studies assessing these toxic compounds.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

radiotracers; bioaccumulation; metals; radionuclides; PCB; marine invertebrates

• Wydawca: Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
• Czasopismo: Nukleonika
• Rocznik: 2004
• Tom: Vol. 49, nr 3
• Strony: 97--100
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 6 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Fowler S.

• Marine Environment Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4 Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Principality of Monaco, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone]

autor

Teyssié J.

• Marine Environment Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4 Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Principality of Monaco, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone]

autor

Cotret O.

• Marine Environment Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4 Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Principality of Monaco, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone]

autor

Danis B.

• Marine Environment Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4 Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Principality of Monaco, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone]

autor

Rouleau C.

• Institut Maurice-Lamontagne, 850 route de la mer CP 1000, Mont-Joli (Québec), Canada, G5H 3Z4

autor

Warnau M.

• Marine Environment Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4 Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Principality of Monaco, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone]

Bibliografia

• 1. Bryan GW (1984) Pollution due to heavy metals and their compounds. In: Kinne O (ed.) Marine ecology. Vol. 5, Part
• 3. John Wiley and Sons Ltd, Chichester, pp 1289−1431
• 2. Danis B, Cotret O, Teyssié J-L, Fowler SW, Bustamante P, Warnau M (2003) Delineation of PCB uptake pathways in a benthic sea star using a radiolabelled congener. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 253:155−163
• 3. Fowler SW (1982) Biological transfer and transport processes. In: Kullenberg G (ed.) Pollutant transfer and transport in the sea. Vol. 2, Chapter 1. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, pp 1−65
• 4. Fowler SW, Teyssié J-L, Cotret O, Paganelli J, Warnau M (2001) Bioaccumulation of heavy metals and radionuclides in the jellyfish C. andromeda and A. aurita (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) (abstract). Rapp Comm Int Mer Médit 36:126
• 5. Ratte HT (1999) Bioaccumulation and toxicity of silver compounds: A review. Environ Toxicol Chem 18:89−108
• 6. Van Der Veer HW (1985) Impact of coelenterate predation on larval plaice Pleuronectes platessa and the flounder Platichthys flesus stock in the western Wadden Sea. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 25:229−238