Introduction to the theory of hazards

• Autorzy: Smalko Z.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The paper outlines the theory of risks occurring during the use of the antropotechnical type systems. In the presented approach a logical theory of mathematical principles of reliability and man - machine systems theories have been used. Unreliability and failure of the man - machine system depends on the circumstances in which it is located for which four states is possible to identify: natural environment, environment technosphere type state, man psychological state, device technical state. It was pointed out that into the phenomenological reality type surroundings where antropotechnical type systems is operating, potential damages and in their follows as inefficient damages and losses are possible, results processing both energy and information into the useful and awaiting results. It consists of a variety of factors forcing undesirable changes in the antropotechnical type system. The destruction process of the antropotechnical type system under operation results external forces treatment from the environment, including technosphere type of infrastructure and internal forces of destructive processes, as well as any control errors generated by the human (e.g.: device operator, decision maker). The possible sequence of cause undesirable consequences inevitably resulted in the creation is presented as follows: 1. primary causes type of adverse events - they are internal and/ or external factors and failure to enforce human from original reliability, 2. secondary causes type effect - they are damages and losses and the consequences of legal and financial nature. The primary causes type results with damage to the device, the inefficient operator ending destruction and degradation of environment. It has been accepting that risky procedure is based on taken responsibility for any damages or losses, taken danger possible events of any project under consideration, as well as any results which are not known in advance. The risky decision is when we are taken any decision under uncertainty conditions and possible hazards whose consequences to be feared. It was pointed out also that in certain circumstances, dynamic assessment of acceptable level of risk is based on estimation the ability the expected remaining time to hazardous events. It was suggested that the theory of risk in practice forms the scientific basis for engineering safety as a separate discipline of technical sciences.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

transport; antropotechnical system; risk; hazard

• Wydawca: Łukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Aviation ; European Science Society of Powertrain and Transport KONES Poland ; Wydawnictwo Instytutu Technicznego Wojsk Lotniczych
• Czasopismo: Journal of KONES
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: Vol. 18, No. 4
• Strony: 457--462
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 19 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Smalko Z.

• Air Force Institute of Technology 01-494 Warszawa, ul. Księcia Bolesława 6, Poland tel.: [phone], fax: [phone],

Bibliografia

• [1] Aven, T., Reliability and risk Analysis. Elsevier, 1992.
• [2] Carus, T. L., On the nature of things. People's Cooperative Publishing House, Warsaw, 1995.
• [3] Hauptmanns, U., Werner W., Engineering Risks. Springer-Verlag, 1991.
• [4] Jazwiński, J., Borgon J., Operating reliability and safety of flights. WKiŁ, Warsaw, 1989.
• [5] Kaczmarek, T. T., Ryzyko i zarządzanie ryzykiem. Ujęcie interdyscyplinarne. WKiŁ, Warszawa, 2005.
• [6] Kendall, R., Zarządzanie ryzykiem dla menedżerów. Warszawa, 1998.
• [7] Lari, A. J., Randel, G. B., Fundamental concepts of dependability. Newcastle University, Report no CS-TR-739, Newcastle, October 2000.
• [8] Mazur, M., Technical terminology. WNT, Warsaw, 1961.
• [9] Młyńczak, M. (ed.), Analiza ryzyka w transporcie i przemyśle. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej, Wrocław, 1997.
• [10] Rowe, W. D., An anatomy of risk. Wiley, New York, 1977.
• [11] Sienkiewicz, P., Ekspertowy system wspomagania decyzji w sytuacjach zagrożeń. Materiały KONBiN’99, s.131-140, Zakopane-Kościelisko, Informator ITWL, Warszawa, 1999.
• [12] Smalko, Z., Characteristics of the man-machine-environment system. Materials Reliability Sciences School, Publisher ITE, Radom, 2007.
• [13] Smalko, Z., Five basic concepts in the art. Committee of Science of Science PAN, Warszawa, 1987.
• [14] Smalko, Z., Systemowa analiza niebezpiecznych sytuacji występujących w układach technicznych. Materiały na Sympozjum Bezpieczeństwa Systemów, t. 1, s. 25 – 35, Kiekrz, 5– 7.05.1992.
• [15] Suchodolski, S., Pojęcie i miary bezpieczeństwa w piśmiennictwie światowym. Zagadnienia Eksploatacji Maszyn, z. 2, no 102, s. 207 – 222, Radom, 1995.
• [16] Szopa T., Bezpieczeństwo a niezawodność systemu. Zagadnienia Eksploatacji Maszyn, z. 3-5, s. 71-72, Radom, 1987.
• [17] Szopa, T., Związki i różnice między pojęciami ryzyka i zagrożenia. Zagadnienia Eksploatacji Maszyn, v.33, z. 5, no 116, s. 678, Radom, 1998.
• [18] Szpytko, J., To keep transport device availability base on RCM approach. J. Mathew et al. (eds.), Engineering Asset Management and Infrastructure Sustainability, p. 901-912, Springer-Verlag London, 2011 (ISBN 978-0-85729-301-5).
• [19] von Gottl – Ottilienfeld, F., Wirtschaft und Technik, der Grundigs Socialekonomik. Tuebingen, 1932. Introduction to the Theory of Hazards