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Hydrogen as an engine fuel-some pros and cons

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EN
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Review is made of the positive features and the current limitations associated with the use of hydrogen as a spark ignition engine fuel. It is shown that hydrogen has excellent prospects to achieve very satisfactory performance in engine applications that may be superior in many aspects to those with conventional fuels. A number of design and operational changes needed to effect the full potential of hydrogen as an engine fuel is outlined. The question whether hydrogen can be manufactured abundantly and economically will remain the limiting factor to its widespread use as an S.I. engine fuel in the future. Hydrogen needs to be manufactured, hydrogen, storage, portability and transport, some relevant properties, hydrogen fuelled engine applications, hydrogen as an engine fuel, some positive features of hydrogen for engine applications, some limitations associated with hydrogen engine applications, measures for improving the operational features of SI hydrogen engines, and liquid hydrogen, comparative properties of hydrogen to methane and iso-octane, as well combustion properties are presented in the paper. The question of whether hydrogen can be obtained abundantly and economically remains yet to be answered satisfactorily.
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Bibliografia
  • [1] King, R. O., Rand, M., The Hydrogen Engine, Canadian Journal of Technology, Vol. 33, pp.445-469, 1955.
  • [2] Erren, R. A., Campbell, W. H., Hydrogen a Commercial Fuel for Internal Combustion Engines and Other Purposes, Journal of Institute of Fuel, vol.6, pp. 277-290, 1933.
  • [3] Cox, K. E., Williamson, K. D., Hydrogen: Its Technology and Implications, I to V volumes, CRC Press, 1977.
  • [4] Maxwell, T. T., Jones, J. C., Alternative Fuels –Missions, Economics and Performance, S.A.E. Publishers- 1995.
  • [5] Appleby, A. J., Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Fuel, Int. J. of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 19, pp.175-180, 1994.
  • [6] Kukkonen, C. A., Shelef, M., Hydrogen as an Alternative Fuel: 1993 Update, SAE paper no 940766, 1994.
  • [7] Steinberg, M., Cheng, H. C., Modern and Prospective Technologies for Hydrogen Production from fossil Fuels, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 14, pp. 797-803, 1989.
  • [8] Silva, E. P., Gallo, W. L. R., Szajner, J., Amaral, E. G., Bezerra, C. R., State of the Art in the Use of Hydrogen as an Automotive Fuel, SAE paper no 931706E, 1993.
  • [9] Rose J. W., Cooper, J. R., Technical Data on Fuels, Scottish Academic Press, 1977.
  • [10] Karim, G. A., Klat, S. R., Hydrogen as a Fuel in Compression Ignition Engines, J. Of Mechanical Engineering- ASME, April, pp.3439, 1976.
  • [11] Ikegami, M., Miwa, K., Shioji, M., A Study of Hydrogen Fuelled Compression Ignition Engines, Int. J. of Hydrogen Energy, Vol.7, pp.341-353, 1982.
  • [12] Al-Alousi, Y., Examination of the Combustion Processes and Performance of a Spark Ignition Engine Using a Data Acquisition System, Ph.D. Thesis of University of Calgary, Mechanical Engineering , November 1982.
  • [13] Bade Shrestha, Karim, G. A., Wierzba, I., Examination of Operational Limits in Gas Fueled Spark Ignition Engines”, S.A.E. paper No. 2000-01-1944. - SP-1549, 2000.
  • [14] Li, H., Karim, G. A., Experimental and Predictive Performance of a S.I. Engine, to be published.
  • [15] Das, L. M., Exhaust Emission Characterization of Hydrogen Operated Engine System, Int. J. of Hydrogen Energy,Vol.15, pp.833, 1990.
  • [16] Shioji, M., Inoue, N., Performance and NOx formation in a Hydrogen Premixed-Charge Engine, Proceedings of 12th World Hydrogen Conference, pp.1469-1478, 1998.
  • [17] Shioji, M., Ishayama, T., Feasibility of the High Speed Hydrogen Engine, Int. Symposium on Hydrogen Energy”, Osaka, Japan, Jan., pp.1-9, 2002.
  • [18] Karim, G. A., Wierzba, I., Al-Alousi, Y., Methane-Hydrogen Mixtures as Fuel, Int. J. Of Hydrogen Energy, Vol.21, pp. 625-634, 1996.
  • [19] Sierens, R., Rosseel, E., Backfire Mechanism in a Carburetted Hydrogen Fuelled Compression Ignition Engine, Proceedings of 12th World Hydrogen Conference, pp.341-353, 1998.
  • [20] Karim, G. A., Klat, S. R., The Knock and Autoignition Characteristics of Some Gaseous Fuels and Their Mixtures, J. of the Institute of Fuel, pp.109-119, March, 1966.
  • [21] Hord, J., Is Hydrogen a Safe Fuel, Int. J. of Hydrogen Energy, Vol.3, pp.157-176, 1978.
  • [22] Norbeck, J. M., et al., Hydrogen Fuel for Surface Transportation, Published by S.A.E., 1996.
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Bibliografia
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bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BUJ5-0037-0015
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