Fine dust or nanoparticles? What's the matter, what is it about?

• Autorzy: Czerwinski J.
• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

Nanoparticles, so tiny that they are invisible, smaller in diameter than the wavelength of visible light, are extremely harmful to human health, much more so than fine dust in the PM10 - PM1 range. If you compare them in size, it's like a pinhead versus a truck wheel. Diameter spectrum of visible particles ranges from about 1fim to about 50fim. PM emissions of new vehicles are very low now, measuring method of PM has already found its limits. For about 20 years there has been thorough and intense research into invisible nanoparticles, size range form about 5 nanometres to 500 nm (1000 nm make one micrometer or 1 fim). There are suitable measuring systems allowing counting those nanoparticles. Due to inherent properties of Diesel engine combustion, those nanoparticles are always generated. About 5% of fine dust in Germany may be attributed to diesel engines. This disregards completely nanoparticles, because they are 100 to 1000 times smaller and their contribution to the mass is negligible. However, just these nanoparticles are most dangerous due to their composition. Introducing Diesel Particle Filter as serial equipment in Diesel engine driven limousines by PEUGEOT was a historic event and demonstrated that reliable DPF's being feasible in mass production and economically viable, filtration efficiency of nanoparticles is excellent, cost increment is such that it need not be separately charged to the customer. Measuring techniques based on mass become troublesome as soon as particles size is smaller than 1 fim. The counting criterion was officially proposed to the High Commission of the EU by Switzerland, later on seconded by Germany and France. In that case particles are not any more placed on a scale, they are counted only, a method borrowed and adapted from nuclear physics.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

transport; combustion engines; ecology; nanoparticles

• Wydawca: Łukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Aviation ; European Science Society of Powertrain and Transport KONES Poland ; Wydawnictwo Instytutu Technicznego Wojsk Lotniczych
• Czasopismo: Journal of KONES
• Rocznik: 2008
• Tom: Vol. 15, No. 4
• Strony: 117--122

Twórcy

autor

Czerwinski J.

• AFHB / HTI-Bienne, Laboratory for IC-Engines and Exhaust Gas Control School of Engineering and Information Technology Switzerland tel.: [phone]fax: [phone],